1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 261及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How to Write a Thesis I. Introduction write this section after【 T1】 _ the rest of the paper【 T1】 _ include a (an)【 T2】 _ at th
3、e beginning【 T2】 _ cite【 T3】 _ in this field【 T3】 _ other points 1) the【 T4】 _ of the paper【 T4】 _ 2) sufficient background information 3) a proper【 T5】 _ of the previous work【 T5】 _ 4) the thesis question 5) the【 T6】 _ of your work【 T6】 _ 6) a verbal “road map“ 7) make it obvious where your【 T7】 _
4、begins【 T7】 _ II. Methods information to allow readers to【 T8】 _ the believability of your【 T8】 _ results, etc. materials,【 T9】 _ , theories, calculations, techniques, etc.【 T9】 _ limitations,【 T10】 _ , the range of validity, and analytical【 T10】 _ methods . Results actual statements of【 T11】 _【 T11
5、】 _ mention negative results and positive ones describe the nature of the findings IV. Discussion start with sentences that【 T12】 _ the most important results【 T12】 _ be a(n)【 T13】 _ in itself and answer some questions【 T13】 _ be rich in references to【 T14】 _ work and background【 T14】 _ break up the
6、 section into logical segments by using【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. A
7、t the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each ques
8、tion on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） They are realistic. （ B） They are shallow. （ C） They are enviable. （ D） They are materialistic. （ A） Billionaires are quite rare nowadays. （ B） Forbes 400 includes billionaires all over the world. （ C） Billionaires are
9、much more now than ever before. （ D） Millionaires are hard to find through dating services. （ A） About 946. （ B） About 906. （ C） About 360. （ D） About 40. （ A） They tend to be older than their suitors. （ B） They account for a much smaller proportion of all the billionaires. （ C） They tend to be hard
10、er to be found than men billionaires. （ D） They get married at an older age. （ A） Making suitable development goals. （ B） Getting an MBA diploma. （ C） Finding a job in education. （ D） Learning a foreign language. （ A） Opposed. （ B） Supportive. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Indifferent. （ A） By getting involved
11、 in charities. （ B） By participating their parties. （ C） By looking for common interests. （ D） By being a volunteer in their great ball of the year. （ A） Smart. （ B） Beautiful. （ C） Noble. （ D） Funny. （ A） It would be better to sign an agreement before marriage. （ B） Both parties responsibilities sh
12、ould be stipulated clearly. （ C） The terms in the contract should be tight. （ D） It would be better to have an attorney to negotiate it. （ A） The ways and traps in hunting for billionaires. （ B） Public attitude towards hunting for billionaires. （ C） Billionaires requirements for partners. （ D） Curre
13、nt situations of billionaires in the US. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 261答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE W
14、ORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 How to Write a Thesis Today, I will talk about four important sections of thesi
15、s writing: introduction, methods, results and discussion. First, its the introduction section. You cant write a good introduction until you know what the body of the paper says. (1) Consider writing the introductory section after you have completed the rest of the paper, rather than before. (2) Be s
16、ure to include a hook at the beginning of the introduction. This is a statement of something sufficiently interesting to motivate your readers to read the rest of the paper, and it is an important and interesting scientific problem that your paper either solves or addresses. You should draw the read
17、ers in and make them want to read the rest of the paper. (3) The next paragraphs in the introduction should cite previous researches in this area. You should cite those who had the idea or ideas first, and should also cite those who have done the most recent and relevant work. You should then go on
18、to explain why more work is necessary. What else belongs to the introductory section of your paper? (4) First, a statement of the goal of the paper. That is, why the study was undertaken, or why the paper was written. Do not repeat the abstract. Second, sufficient background information to allow the
19、 readers to understand the context and significance of the question you are trying to address. (5) Third, a proper acknowledgement of the previous work on which you are building. Sufficient references such that a reader could, by going to the library, achieve a sophisticated understanding of the con
20、text and significance of the question. Fourth, the introduction should be focused on the thesis question. All cited work should be directly relevant to the goal of the thesis. This is not a place to summarize everything you have ever read on a subject. (6) Fifth, explain the scope of your work: what
21、 will and will not be included. Sixth, draw a verbal “road map“ or verbal “table of contents“ guiding the readers to what lies ahead. Seventh, (7) make it obvious where introductory material ends and your contribution begins. Remember that this is not a review paper. We are looking for original work
22、 and analysis by you. Break up the introduction section into logical segments by using subheadings. The following important section is the methods. (8) This section should contain information to allow the readers to assess the believability of your results and information needed by another researche
23、r to replicate your experiment. (9) Hence, you should describe clearly your materials, procedures, theories, calculations, techniques, equipment and calibration plots. Besides, (10) this section also includes limitations, assumptions, the range of validity, as well as description of your analytical
24、methods, including references to any specialized statistical software. Remember, citations in this section should be limited to data sources and references of where to find more complete descriptions of procedures. Do not include descriptions of results. Next, Id like to talk about the results. (11)
25、 The results are actual statements of observations, including statistics, tables and graphs. It should indicate the information on a range of variation and mention negative results as well as positive results. Do not interpret results save that for the discussion. Present sufficient details so that
26、others can draw their own inferences and construct their own explanations. Break up your results into logical segments by using subheadings. And remember, key results should be stated in clear sentences at the beginning of paragraphs. Besides, describe the nature of the findings. Do not just tell th
27、e readers whether or not they are significant. Finally, it is the discussion. (12) This section should start with a few sentences that summarize the most important results. (13) The whole section should be a brief essay in itself, answering the following questions: First, what are the major patterns
28、 in the observations? Second, what are the relationships, trends and generalizations among the results? Third, what are the exceptions to these patterns or generalizations? Fourth, what are the likely causes underlying these patterns resulting predictions? Fifth, is there agreement or disagreement o
29、n the previous work? Sixth, what is the relationship between the present results and the original question? Seventh, what is the implication of the present results for other unanswered questions in earth sciences, ecology, environmental policy, etc. Eighth, what are your hypotheses? There are usuall
30、y several possible explanations for results. Be careful to consider all of them rather than simply pushing your favorite one. If you can eliminate all but one, that is great, but often that is not possible with the data in hand. In that case, you should give even treatment to the remaining possibili
31、ties, and try to indicate ways in which future work may lead to their discrimination. Ninth, is it appropriate to jump on the bandwagon? Avoid jumping a currently fashionable point of view unless your results really do strongly support them. Tenth, what are the things we now know or understand befor
32、e the present work? The final one is what the significance of the present results is. In other words, why should we care? (14) This section should be rich in references to similar work and background needed to interpret results. However, it is often too long and wordy. Is there material that does no
33、t contribute to one of the elements I mentioned above? If so, this may be the material that you will want to consider deleting or moving. (15) Remember to break up the section into logical segments by using subheadings. Thesis writing is not an easy thing, because all sections are important and they
34、 are so closely interrelated that you cannot neglect any of them. However, if you can grasp the points I mentioned just now, you may find it much more controllable. I hope todays lecture is helpful to you more or less. And next time I will talk about the problem of word choice in thesis writing. Tha
35、nk you for your attention. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 completing finishing 【试题解析】 根据句 (1)可知，论文的引言部分应在完成剩下的部分之后再撰写。因此答案为 completing finishing。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 hook 【试题解析】 根据句 (2)可知，论文引言部分的开头应包括一句吸引读者的话，所以答案为 hook。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 previous researches 【试题解析】 根据句 (3)可知，引 言部分还应该介绍该领域内前人的研究成果。因此答案为 previous
36、 researches。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 goal 【试题解析】 根据句 (4)可知，引言部分要介绍论文的写作目的，故答案为goal。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 acknowledgement 【试题解析】 根据句 (5)可知，引言部分还应恰当说明你要使用的前人的研究成果。因此答案为 acknowledgement。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 scope 【试题解析】 根据句 (6)可知，引言部分还应解释论文写作的范围，故答案为scope。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 contribution 【试题解析】 根据句 (7)可知，要清晰地表
37、现出引言部分的结尾和自己的贡献的开始，故答案为 contribution。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 assess 【试题解析】 讲座第二部分讲的是研究方法，根据句 (8)可知，这一部分应包含一些使读者可以对你的研究结果的可信度进行评估的信息，故答案为 assess。 【知识 模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 procedures 【试题解析】 根据句 (9)可知，研究方法部分应清楚地描述你的研究材料、过程、理论、算法、技术、设备和校正曲线。因此答案为 procedures。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 assumptions 【试题解析】 根据句 (10)可知，研究方法
38、部分还应包含限制、假设、有效范围以及对分析方法的描述，分析方法包括对任何专门的数据统计软件的参考。因此答案为 assumptions。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 observations 【试题解析】 根据句 (11)可知，研究结果部分应该是对观察结果的真实陈述，包括统计数字、表格和图表，故答案为 observations。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 summarize 【试题解析】 根据句 (12)可知，论述部分应以几个总结最重要的研究结果的句子作为开端，故答案为 summarize。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 brief essay 【试题解析】
39、根据句 (13)可知，论述部分本身就是一篇简短的论文，主要 回答一些问题，故答案为 brief essay。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 similar 【试题解析】 根据句 (14)可知，论述部分需引用大量能够解释其研究结果的类似研究成果和背景资料，故答案为 similar。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 subheadings 【试题解析】 根据句 (15)可知，论述部分要用小标题将其分成几个具有逻辑关系的段落。因此答案为 subheadings。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear
40、ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choi
41、ces of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 M: This morning, we will talk about love and dollars. In this July issue, Money Magazine takes a look at people who are on the hunt for billionaires. Bu
42、t what are the traps when you hunt for a partner with money? Money Magazines Jean Chatzky is todays financial editor. Jean, good morning to you. W: Good morning. M: I wanted to say it at the beginning. (1) It just has a kind of sleazy, superficial feel towards people looking for billionaires to marr
43、y. But thats what this article is about, isnt it? W: Well, it has the same feeling to me too. But this article is largely commenting on the fact that this is happening, this is out there. I mean I have been in Money Magazine for ten years. (2-1) We have never written about anything like this before.
44、 And thats because its never existed until now in a big way. M: (2-2) Because there are so many billionaires. You mean at this point. W: Right. (3-1) There are 946 billionaires right now in the world. (2-3) For the first time, the whole Forbes 400 was billionaires in the United States. If you go one
45、 step down, there are about 85,000 people in this country with wealth of 30 million dollars or more. (2-4) And its easier to find them if this is something that you are out looking for, because there are dating services, dating websites that focus on helping people find other people with money. They
46、 have names like millionaire match. com. M: Are these women looking for men or are these men looking for women? Or is it a little bit of both? W: Its definitely a little bit of both. (3-2/4-1) There are more billionaires who happen to be men of the 946. Only about 40 are women. So if you are set on
47、a billionaire, you are going to have a tough time finding one who is a woman. However, I think (4-2) when we talk about this whole phenomenon of older women and younger men, we are actually talking about richer women and poorer men. We are just not saying it. M: So a man or a woman who wants to find
48、 themselves a billionaire, besides the websites they can go to, what else is out there? W: Well. You have to figure out where the billionaires are to begin with. And that means looking in the different industries where they exist. There are about half of all billionaires that Money Magazine looked a
49、t. They took a very scientific approach to this study and found their mates at work. (5) So if this is something that you are up for, and you may want to go out there, get yourself an MBA or get a job in finance or in the investment world which is where most billionaires these days happen to work. This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you h
