1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 274及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Tips on Reading I. Three【 T1】 _phases of reading【 T1】 _ before reading in the course of reading after reading II. Pre-reading
3、activities finding the necessary【 T2】 _to make comprehension easier【 T2】 _ pre-reading discussion activities to ease cognition being aware of the【 T3】 _for reading【 T3】 _ consideration of different types of reading skills: skimming, scanning, extensive reading, and【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ understanding the【 T
4、5】 _of the material【 T5】 _ III. During-reading activities A. Tips on【 T6】 _:【 T6】 _ summarizing, reacting, questioning,【 T7】 _evaluating, involving【 T7】_ one s own experience B. Strategies: making predictions reading selectively calling upon the【 T8】 _to facilitate comprehension【 T8】 _ focusing on s
5、ignificant pieces of information making use of【 T9】 _or guessing【 T9】 _ breaking words into their【 T10】 _【 T10】 _ reading in【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ learning to pause -【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ IV. Post-reading activities A. Depending on the goal of reading see into【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ meshing new information B.【 T14】 _
6、【 T14】 _ discussing summarizing giving questions filling in【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ writing reading notes role-playing 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE int
7、erview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of
8、A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Brushing your teeth twice a day. （ B） Flossing your teeth once a day. （ C） Avoiding eating salty snacks. （ D） Seeing your dentists twice a year. （ A） Cheese can hel
9、p reduce the acids in the mouth. （ B） Cheese can help strengthen the teeth. （ C） Not all cheese can help with your dental health. （ D） Cheese can boost your physical health. （ A） To help reduce tooth staining. （ B） To save time for drinking. （ C） To be more convenient. （ D） To prevent acids from har
10、ming the enamel. （ A） Mineral water. （ B） Coffee. （ C） Wine. （ D） Sugar-free sodas. （ A） Drinking orange juices with Vitamin C. （ B） Forming an organized lifestyle. （ C） Drinking a bottle of milk. （ D） Drinking a cup of water. （ A） 25-2,000 milligrams. （ B） 60-2,000 milligrams. （ C） 75-2,000 milligr
11、ams. （ D） 80-2,000 milligrams. （ A） It is satisfying. （ B） It is not essential. （ C） It is too much. （ D） It is barely enough. （ A） Dairy products like soymilk and yogurt. （ B） White tea. （ C） Mushrooms. （ D） Fruits like orange containing Vitamin C. （ A） To prevent the formation of plaque. （ B） To m
12、ake your breath fresh. （ C） To improve your tooth enamel. （ D） To prevent tooth cavities. （ A） The way to keep a shining smile. （ B） The effects of foods on teeth. （ C） The tips for cleaning teeth. （ D） The advice on dental treatment. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 274答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section yo
13、u will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptab
14、le. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Tips on Reading Good morning, everyone. Last class we discussed some of the shifts and trends in theories relating to reading. This time we will examine tips which will help to develop
15、our abilities as learners in reading classes. (1)These tips can be viewed in three consecutive stages: before reading, during reading, and after reading. For instance, before starting to read a text it is natural to think of the purpose of reading the text. As an example of the during-reading techni
16、ques, re-reading for better comprehension can be mentioned. And filling out forms and charts can be referred to as an after-reading activity. These tasks and ideas can be used to enhance reading comprehension. First of all, I will introduce to you some pre-reading tips. Before the actual act of read
17、ing a text begins, some points should be regarded in order to make the process of reading easier.(2)It is necessary to find the necessary background information to facilitate comprehension. In addition, pre-reading discussion activities can lighten learners cognitive burden while reading because pri
18、or discussions will have been incorporated. Some key vocabulary and ideas in the text should be acquired beforehand, including key concepts, important vocabulary, and appropriate conceptual framework. The teacher may lead a discussion in which he/she draws out the information you already have and in
19、terjects additional information deemed necessary to an understanding of the text to be read. Moreover, the teacher can make explicit links between prior knowledge and important information in the text. Therefore, involve yourselves in this part. (3)It is also necessary for you to become aware of the
20、 purpose and goal for reading a certain piece of written material. At the beginning stage this can be done by the teacher, but as you become more mature, this purpose, i. e. awareness-raising strategy, can be left to yourselves. For instance, you may be guided to ask yourselves, “ Why am I reading t
21、his text? What do I want to know or do after reading?“ One of the most obvious, but unnoticed points related to reading purpose is the consideration of the different types of reading skills. Slamming is reading rapidly for the main points: scanning is reading rapidly to find a specific piece of info
22、rmation: extensive reading is reading a longer text, often for pleasure with emphasis on overall meaning:(4)intensive reading is reading a short text for detailed information. However, the four skills are often subsumed into one intensive reading. The most frequently encountered reason is that when
23、you study a foreign language, you feel the urge to look up every word you dont understand and to pinpoint on every structural point you see unfamiliar. To be aware of the different types of reading, ask yourselves about the types of reading you do in your first language. Whats more, you must become
24、familiar with the fact that texts may take on different forms and hold certain pieces of information in different places.(5)Thus, it is necessary to understand the layout of the material being read in order to focus more deeply on the parts that are more densely compacted with information. Even payi
25、ng attention to the year of publication of a text, if applicable, may aid you in presuppositions about the text. The tips I mentioned in pre-reading will not take a very long time to carry out. The purpose is to remind you to overcome the common urge to start reading a text closely right away from t
26、he beginning. After learning about the pre-reading tips, of course we will move to the during-reading tips. (6)What follows are tips that encourage active reading.(7)They consist of summarizing, reacting, questioning, arguing, evaluating, and placing a text within ones own experience. These processe
27、s may be the most complex to develop in a classroom setting, the reason being that in English reading classes most attention is often paid to dictionaries, the text, and the teacher. The teacher may interrupt this routine and encourage you to talk about what you are reading. I suggest the following
28、strategies. Make predictions as to what is going to happen next in the text and be able to integrate and combine what has come with what is to come: Readers who are more proficient read selectively, continually making decisions about their reading. (8)The prior knowledge that has been activated in t
29、he pre-reading section should be called upon to facilitate comprehension. Concentrate on significant pieces of information while skipping insignificant pieces. (9)Make use of context or guessing. You are not encouraged to define and understand every single unknown word in a text. Instead you should
30、learn to make use of context to guess the meaning of unknown words. (10)Break words into their component parts to keep the process of comprehension ongoing. Efficient readers break words into their affixes or bases. These parts can help you guess the meaning of a word. (11)Read in chunks: to ensure
31、reading speed, you should get used to reading groups of words together. This act will also enhance comprehension by focusing on groups of meaning-conveying symbols simultaneously. Learn to pause. Good readers will pause at certain places while reading a text to absorb and internalize the material be
32、ing read and sort out information. (12)Paraphrase: while reading texts it may be necessary to paraphrase and interpret texts subvocally in order to verify what was comprehended. Finally, I will give you several after-reading tips. It is necessary to state that post-reading activities almost always d
33、epend on the purpose of reading. Doing post-reading exercises first checks your comprehension and then leads you to a deeper analysis of the text. In the real world the purpose of reading is not to memorize an authors point of view or to summarize text content,(13)but rather to see into another mind
34、, or to mesh new information into what one already knows. Group discussion will help you focus on information you did not comprehend, or comprehended incorrectly. Accordingly, attention will be focused on processes that lead to comprehension or miscomprehension.(14)(15)Generally speaking, post-readi
35、ng can take the form of various activities such as discussing the text, summarizing, making questions, filling in forms and charts, writing reading logs, role-playing and so on. I hope these suggestions can be helpful during your reading. See you next week. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 consecutive 【试题解析】 本题设题
36、点在主论点处。句 (1)是本文的主题句，三个阶段是连续的，故答案为 consecutive。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 background information 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。句 (2)介绍了必要的背景知识对于促进理解的必要性，故答案为 background information。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 purpose and goal 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (3)可知，要意识到阅读的目的和目标，故答案为 purpose and goal。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 intensive reading 【试题解析
37、】 本题设题点在定义概念处。根据句 (4)可知，阅读技巧之一是精读，即细致地阅读一篇短文，以获得其详细信息，故答案为 intensive reading。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 layout 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (5)可知，了解阅读材料的框架很 有必要，这主要是为了阅读时能把精力集中在包含更多信息的部分，所以填 layout。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 active reading 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (6)可知，接下来演讲者将针对积极阅读提出建议，所以填 active reading。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】
38、arguing 【试题解析】 本题设题点在信息列举处。根据句 (7)可知，积极阅读包括总结、反应、提问、辩论、评价以及结合自身经验等，故答案为 arguing，注意填动名词形式。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 prior knowledge 【试题解析】 本题设题点在定语从句处。根据句 (8)可知，在阅读前，所获得的相关知识应该融入到阅读过程中，以帮助理解，故答案为 prior knowledge。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 context 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (9)可知，要充分利用语境及猜词技巧，所以填 context。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正
39、确答案】 component parts 【 试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (10)可知，通过对单词进行词形分解来猜测词义，故答案为 component parts。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 chunks 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (11)可知，要按意群阅读：为了确保阅读速度，你应该习惯于阅读词群，所以填 chunks。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 paraphrasing 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (12)可知，最后一条阅读中的建议是将文章转述出来，故答案为 paraphrasing，注意这里应填动名词形式。 【知识模块】 听力
40、 13 【正确答案】 another mind 【试题解析】 本题设题点在目的处。根据句 (13)可知，阅读的目的，一要了解另一个人的思想；二要将新信息融入到自己的知识储备中去。结合题干可知答案为another mind。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 Various activities 【试题解析】 本题设题点在文章结语处。句 (14)介绍了阅读后的多种活动形式，故答案为 Various activities，注意首个单词的首字母大写。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 forms and charts 【试题解析】 本题设题点在信息列举处。根据句 (15)可知，读后活动包
41、括讨论文章内容、写总结、提问、填写表格和图表、写读书心得、角色扮演等，所以填forms and charts。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spo
42、ken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 Interviewer(M)Liz Vaccariello(W) Now
43、, listen to Part One of the interview. M: All smiles this beautiful Monday morning. This morning on Todays Health: how to achieve that glowing smile by changing just a few everyday habits. Liz Vaccariello, the editor in chief in Prevention Magazine, is here to fill us in on some of the surprising ef
44、fects some foods have on your smile. Good morning. Thanks for being with us today. W: Good morning. M: So the first things first. To achieve that beautiful smile, its all about daily hygiene, dental hygiene. W: Right! M: Help us out with what we need to know. W:(1)Therere four things you should do:
45、you should brush twice a day, floss once a day, avoid sugary snacks and see your dentists regularly. He or she will tell you how often that is, but for most of us, thats twice a year. M: Its the flossing that holds a lot of people up. They forget to do it on the daily basis. W: Yes. M: Therere some
46、alternative approaches as well that youre going to help us out. Weve been joking about the power of cheese, but from what Ive read, its pretty significant. W: Right.(2-1)If you have a big meal, rich in carbohydrates in particular, researchers say a piece of cheese will boost saliva, and wash away th
47、e acids in the mouth, and the minerals in cheese will help strengthen the teeth from inside out. M: Important to know that(2-2)its not any kind of cheese that will work, for example, cheddar. For breast-breed, were not recommending it. You have lots of news for other people as well. W: Right. M: Dri
48、nking out of a straw. Another piece of advice. Weve chosen environmentally-friendly straws on these days. W: Thats right. All of us want a big Julia Roberts megawatt smile.(3-1)People, who are concerned about tooth-staining in particular, use straws to limit the amount of time the liquid, which has
49、a deep color, is exposed to the tooth.(3-2)(4-1)But people dont know that often sugary drinks, sodas, even sugar-free sodas have acids that can cause harms to the enamel. M:(4-2)And coffee is well for coffee drinkers in the morning. Is that something you recommend through straws? W:(4-3)Absolutely. If you care about oral health
