1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 315及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 What Can We Learn from Art? I. Introduction A. Difference between general history and art history Focus: general history:【 T1】
3、 _.【 T1】 _ art history: political values, emotions,【 T2】 _, etc.【 T2】 _ B. Significance of study More information and better understanding of human【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ II. Types of information A. Information in history book is【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ B. Information in art history is subjective 【 T5】 _ and opinions【
4、 T5】 _ e.g. Spanish painters works: misuse of【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ Mexican artists works: attitudes toward social problems III. Art as a religious belief A Europe:【 T7】 _ in pictures in churches【 T7】 _ B. Middle East pictures of flowers and patterns in mosques, palaces Reason: human and【 T8】 _ are not seen
5、 as holy【 T8】 _ C. Africa and the Pacific Islands: masks, headdresses and【 T9】 _in special ceremonies【 T9】 _ Purpose: to seek the help of【 T10】 _to protect crops, animals and people【 T10】 _ IV. Perceptions of Art How people see art is related to their cultural background. A Europeans and Americans -
6、【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ expression of ideas B. People in other places part of everyday life 【 T12】 _ use【 T12】 _ V. Art as a reflection of social changes A. Cause of changes:【 T13】 _ of different cultures【 T13】 _ tribal people: effect of【 T14】 _ on art forms【 T14】 _ European artists: influence of African t
7、raditional art in their works American and Canadian artists: study of【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview wil
8、l be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mar
9、k the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Unfavourable weather conditions. （ B） Airports handling capacity. （ C） Inadequate ticketing service. （ D） Overbooking. （ A） The airport is not big enough. （ B） The airport is in lack of ski
10、llful staff. （ C） The weather is always terrible. （ D） All flights arrive and leave at almost the same time. （ A） Free ticket. （ B） Free phone call. （ C） Cash reward. （ D） Seat reservation. （ A） Different passengers have different schedules. （ B） The airlines encourage people to choose less popular
11、flights. （ C） There is an increasing number of public holidays. （ D） Passengers have few options because there are limited flights. （ A） Because all flights in and out of there are full. （ B） Because the volume of traffic is heavy. （ C） Because there are more popular flights. （ D） Because there are
12、more delays and cancellations. （ A） Booking on less popular flights. （ B） Buying tickets at full price. （ C） Carrying excessive luggage. （ D） Planning long business trips. （ A） Taking red-eye flights. （ B） Ordering discount tickets. （ C） Buying cheaper tickets to destinations beyond. （ D） Comparing
13、the prices of flights before ordering. （ A） Because there are always things unexpected. （ B） Because passengers may encounter delays. （ C） Because there may be a typhoon in summer. （ D） Because passengers are negative about the plan. （ A） Because the travel agent does enough volume of business. （ B）
14、 Because passengers trust the travel agent. （ C） Because passengers ask for that. （ D） Because the travel agent wants to offer the best service. （ A） By keeping trips short. （ B） By consulting the travel agent. （ C） By staying on a plane. （ D） By arranging for stopovers. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 315答案与解析 SECT
15、ION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both gr
16、ammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 What Can We Learn from Art? Good morning. Todays lecture is the very first of a series of lectures on art history. So Id like to spend some time dis
17、cussing with you the following topic: Why do we need to study art history and what can we learn from it? First of all, Id say, if you study art history, this might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. You know, most typical history courses
18、 concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this, because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also their religious beliefs, emotions etc. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art, li
19、ke what people did for a living, what kind of dress they wore, what ceremonies they held etc. In short, art can express the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books and enables us to learn more thing
20、s about human society and civilization. The second point Id like to make, is about the type of information. In history books, information is objective. That is, facts about political, economical life of a country are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective. It re
21、flects personal emotions and opinions. For example, Francisco Goya was a great Spanish painter, and also perhaps the first truly political artist. In his famous painting, The Third of May, 1808, he showed soldiers shooting a group of simple people. His description of soldiers and their victims has b
22、ecome a symbol of the enormous power or the misuse of this power that a government can have over its people. Over a hundred years later, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Mexican artists depicted their deep anger and sadness about social problems. In summary, through art you can find a
23、 personal and emotional view of history. Thirdly, art can reflect a cultures religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that showed people and stories from the Bible
24、. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was, and still is, its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that these images are unholy. Thus, on palaces, mosques and other buildings, Islamic artists have created unique decoration of great be
25、auty with images of flowers and geometric forms, for example, circles, squares, and triangles. The same is true of other places like Africa and the Pacific islands. Art also reflects the religious beliefs of traditional cultures in these places. As a matter of fact, religion is the purpose for this
26、art and is, therefore, absolutely essential to it. Traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is different from Christian art. Christian art influences peoples religious feelings towards God, but the goal of traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is to influence spiritual powers, t
27、hat is, gods, to enter peoples lives. Each tribe or village there has special ceremonies with songs and dances to make sure that crops, animals and people are healthy and increase in number. The dancers in these ceremonies wear masks, headdresses, and costumes that they believe are necessary to infl
28、uence gods. So these masks and headdresses themselves are a very part of the art. As weve said, art depends on culture. Different forms of art result from different cultures. Similarly, the way that people view art also depends on their cultural background. This is my fourth point. For most European
29、s and Americans, art is mainly for decoration. It is something on a museum wall or in a glass case. It makes homes more attractive. People look at it and admire it: “Oh, what a beautiful painting! “ Besides, ideas are often expressed in this art. “This is a wonderful statue,“ an admirer might say. “
30、It makes such a strong anti-war statement.“ But in other places, art is not considered to be separate from everyday existence. It has a function. It has a practical role to play in peoples lives. A person in a tribal society might look at a mask and say, “Oh, this is a good mask: it will keep my hou
31、se safe.“ In brief, the way in which people enjoy or appreciate art depends on their culture. To conclude my lecture, we can say that art is a reflection of various cultures. But at the same time, we have to remember that art also reflects the changes in society that take place when different cultur
32、es influence one another. As people from tribal societies move to urban areas, their values and beliefs change accordingly, and their traditional art forms begin to lose their function. At the same time, urban artists begin to learn a lot from traditional art. For example, African masks and figures
33、had a great influence on Picassos works. And many American and Canadian artists studied the simplicity of Japanese painting. The result is that as the world gets “smaller“, the art of each culture becomes more international. OK. This brings us to the end of our lecture. I hope that after todays lect
34、ure, youll understand better the significance of a study of art history. Art enables us to know more about human history, for example, peoples views and opinions about certain historical events, and whats more important, about different cultures: their religious beliefs, perception of art etc. 【知识模块
35、】 听力 1 【正确答案】 politics， economics， war 【试题解析】 录音原文中提到： “典型的历史课程大多关注的是政治、经济和战争。 ”因此，此处应填 politics， economics， war。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 religious beliefs 【试题解析】 录音在介绍 art history关注的事情时，提到了几个例子：政治观(political values)、宗教信仰 (religious beliefs)和情绪 (emotions)等，此处可参照原文填 religious beliefs。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 s
36、ociety and civilization 【试题解析】 录音在介绍学习 art history的意义时提到，这种学习可以使我们加深理解，并且使我们对人类社会和文明 (human society and civilization)了解更多。由于字数限制，此处填入 society and civilization即可。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 objective 【试题解析】 录音原文中提到： “历史书中的信息具有客观性。 ”所以本题应填objective。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 emotions 【试题解析】 在谈到文化史中的信息时，讲座人提到： “它反映的是
37、个人情感和观点。 ”所以此题应填 emotions。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 government power political power 【试题解析】 讲座中介绍了一幅西班牙画家的作品 (The Third of May， 1080)，说到该画是一种权力的误用 (misuse of this power)的象征，而这种 power是政府加于人民的 (power that a government can have over its people)，故归纳起来就是政府权力或政治权力的误用，故填 government power或 political power。 【知识模块】
38、 听力 7 【正确答案】 Bible Biblical stories 【试题解析】 讲座人在谈到欧洲艺术时说到：教堂和其他宗教建筑里到处都布满了 “表现圣经人物和故事的绘画 ”。此处应该填 Bible stories或 Biblical stories。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 animal images 【试题解析】 录音原文中提到： “相比之下，中东艺术的主要特点之一是过去和现在一直缺少人与动物的图像。这反映了伊斯兰的教义，认为这些图像是不神圣的。 ”所以，该题应填 animal images。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 costumes 【试题解析】 录音提到
39、在非洲和一些太平洋上的岛屿部族在进行一些庆典时，会戴一些他们相信能影响神灵的面具 (masks)、头饰 (head dresses)和服装(costumes)，前面两个已在提纲中列出，空格处填 costumes。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 gods 【试题解析】 空格处要求填那些部落特殊庆典的目的，录音原文中提到，他们为的是确保庄稼、牲畜和人能够健康，并且越来越多，并对神产生影响 (influence gods)。所以，该题应填 gods。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 decoration 【试题解析】 录音原文中提到： “对于大多数欧洲人和美国人来说，艺术主要用于装
40、饰。 ”所以，此题应填 decoration。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 practical 【试题解析】 录音中谈到其他地方的艺术时，说到： “艺术有一个功能。它在人们的生活中具有实用性。 ”所以此处应该填 practical。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 (mutual)influence 【试题解析】 录音原文中提到： “但同时，我们必须牢记艺术也反映社会变化。社会变化产生的原因是不同文化的相互影响。 ”所以，此处应该填 influence或mutual influence。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 urban life 【试题解析】 根据录音原
41、文， “随着部落社会的居民向城市迁移，他们的价值观和信念都会相应地改变，其传统艺术形式开始失去其功能。 ”此题填入对艺术形式产生影响的 “城镇生活 ”，即 urban life。当然也可以用 changing living environment表示相关含义。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 Japanese painting 【试题解析】 录音中提到许多美国和加拿大画家会 学习日本油画中的简洁(simplicity of Japanese painting)，由于字数限制，空格处填上 Japanese painting即可。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW
42、 In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause
43、, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 Nigel Lynch is editor of Business Travel Weekly. W: Nigel, thanks for being on the show. Now what kind of problems do air
44、line passengers face nowadays? M: Well, most of the problems are caused by the heavy volume of traffic. You know, all airports have a limit to the number of takeoffs and landings they can handle. W: So what seems to be the problem? M: A11 flights from a busy airport arrive and leave at more or less
45、the same time. If sixty aircraft are scheduled to take off between five PM and five fifteen, and the airport can only handle a hundred and twenty an hour, that means some will always be late landing or taking off. And if the weather is bad, you can imagine what the situation is like. So passengers h
46、ave to be loaded into each plane and then the planes have to line up to take off. W: So waiting at the lounge or on the plane is quite common. M: Certainly. And another problem thats very common is overbooking. Quite often you hear an announcement on the airport loudspeakers, “We have oversold on th
47、is flight and would like volunteers to go on the next flight out“ If you decide to volunteer, you may get a cash bribe or a free trip voucher, but make sure you get a guaranteed seat on the next flight and a free phone call to whoever is meeting you on the other end. And worse still, you arrive with
48、 a confirmed reservation and you discover youve been bumped off the flight. W: Presumably, if you choose to travel at off-peak times, there are fewer problems. M: Well, there are no off-peak times. All flights seem to be full, except Saturday. I dont quite understand why this is so. You know if ther
49、e is a public holiday, things are likely to be especially busy. The special fare systems on the airlines computers encourage more people to fly on less popular flights. And this means that as a result, all flights are equally full. W: So what advice would you give to business travelers? M: Id say, avoid big airports if you can. The reason is there are too many
