1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 319及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Writing a Research Paper I. Research Paper and Ordinary Essay A. Similarity in 【 T1】 _: 【 T1】 _ e.g. choosing a topic asking q
3、uestions 【 T2】 _ the audience 【 T2】 _ B. Difference mainly in terms of 【 T3】 _ 【 T3】 _ 1. research paper printed sources 2. ordinary essay: ideas in ones 【 T4】 _ 【 T4】 _ II. Types and Characteristics of Research Papers A. Number of basic types: two B. Characteristics: 1. survey-type paper: to gather
4、 【 T5】 _ 【 T5】 _ to 【 T6】 _ 【 T6】 _ to 【 T7】 _ 【 T7】 _ to paraphrase The writer should be 【 T8】 _. 【 T8】 _ 2. argumentative (research)paper: a. The writer should do more, e.g. to 【 T9】 _ 【 T9】 _ to question, etc. b. 【 T10】 _varies with the topic, e.g. 【 T10】 _ to recommend an action, etc. III. How t
5、o Choose a Topic for a Research Paper In choosing a topic, it is important to 【 T11】 _. 【 T11】 _ Question No. 1: your 【 T12】 _ with the topic 【 T12】 _ Question No. 2: 【 T13】 _ of relevant information on 【 T13】 _ the chosen topic Question No. 3: narrowing the topic down to 【 T14】 _ 【 T14】 _ Question
6、No. 4: asking questions about 【 T15】 _ 【 T15】 _ The questions help us to work our way into the topic and discover its possibilities. 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section
7、 you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should rea
8、d the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） They have just revised an old report. （ B） They have finished a report on old age. （ C） They have just rewritten a report. （ D） They have fini
9、shed a report on the young. （ A） To look into the mental health of old people. （ B） To explain why people have negative views on old age. （ C） To help correct some false beliefs about old age. （ D） To identify the various problems of old age. （ A） Help people change their feelings about old age. （ B
10、） Reveal that old people are poor, lonely and unhappy. （ C） Lead people to find that old people are unattractive. （ D） Lead people to help old people deal with their sickness. （ A） Because old people know when they should go to the hospital. （ B） Because old people are healthy from their childhood t
11、o middle age. （ C） Because old people reaching 65 or 70 are the strong among us. （ D） Because old people have kept exercising all the time. （ A） Family love is gradually disappearing. （ B） It is hard to comment on family relationship. （ C） More children are indifferent to their parents. （ D） Family
12、love remains as strong as before. （ A） Because the children refuse to have parents living with them. （ B） Because the children can afford to have their own homes. （ C） Because the parents prefer to live in nursing homes now. （ D） Because the parents refuse to care for their children any more. （ A） N
13、egative. （ B） Positive. （ C） Ambiguous. （ D） Neutral. （ A） During the childhood. （ B） In the middle age. （ C） At the old stage. （ D） Throughout life. （ A） The group of old people did best in English classes. （ B） The old group did not perform as well as the young group. （ C） The young group did not
14、perform as well as the old group. （ D） The group of old people did best in mathematics. （ A） Old-age sickness. （ B） Loose family ties. （ C） Poor mental abilities. （ D） Difficulties in maths. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 319答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear th
15、e mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-tak
16、ing. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Writing a Research Paper I think as seniors, you are often required by your instructors to do some library research on this topic or that. And, in the end, you have to write a research paper, right? Then what is writing a researc
17、h paper like? How are we going to write one? What are the steps in producing a research paper and what are the points we need to take care of? In todays lecture, Ill try to answer these questions. First of all, what is writing a research paper like? We may start by comparing it to an ordinary essay,
18、 a form of writing you are very familiar with. Writing a research paper is much like writing an essay. Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps. That is choosing a topic, asking questions to define and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting raw material to work with,
19、outlining the paper, writing it, and, finally, revising it. These are the steps shared between research paper writing and essay writing. Is there any difference, you may ask. Yes. What makes a research paper different is that much of your raw material comes not from your own head, but from printed s
20、ources: mainly books and periodicals in the library. Collecting raw material, that is reading books and taking notes, is very much like the process of brainstorming at the prewriting stage of an ordinary essay. Generally speaking, there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong
21、to either type. It may be a survey of facts and opinions available on a given topic or an analytical argument that uses those facts and opinions to prove a point. Your instructor may tell you which kind of paper you are expected to write. If not, you yourself should eventually choose between surveyi
22、ng and arguing. You will then have a definite way of managing your sources. Now, lets take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research paper or an argumentative research paper. In a survey-type research paper, you gather facts and a variety of opinions on a given topic. You make litt
23、le attempt to interpret or evaluate what your sources say or to prove a particular point. Instead, through quotation, summary, and paraphrase, you try to provide a representative sampling of facts and opinions, to give an objective report on your topic. You explain the pros and cons of various attit
24、udes or opinions, but you dont side definitely with any one of them. While in an argumentative research paper, you do considerably more. You do not simply quote, paraphrase, and summarize as you do in a survey-type paper. You interpret, question, compare, and judge the statements you cite. You expla
25、in why one opinion is sound and another is not: why one fact is relevant and another is not: why one writer is correct and another is mistaken. Whats more, your purpose may vary with your topic. You may try to explain a situation, to recommend a course of action, to reveal the solution to a problem,
26、 or to present and defend a particular interpretation of a historical event or a work of art. But whether the topic is space travel or trends in contemporary American literature, an argumentative research paper deals actively I say it again, actively with the statements it cites. It makes these stat
27、ements work together in an argument that you create, that is, an argument leading to a conclusion of your own. In the next part of the lecture, Id like to talk about one of the basic steps in writing I mentioned earlier in the lecture, that is how to choose a topic. Choosing a topic for a research p
28、aper is in some ways like choosing a topic for an ordinary essay, but there are some differences. As you think about your topic, ask yourself these questions: Question number one: Do you really want to know more about this topic? This is the initial question you have to ask yourself, because researc
29、h on any subject will keep you busy for weeks. You certainly do not wish to waste your time on something you have little interest in. You will do it well only if you expect to learn something interesting or important in the process. Question number two: Are you likely to find many sources of informa
30、tion on this topic? You cannot write a research paper without consulting a variety of sources. If only one source or none at all is readily available, you should rethink your topic or choose another. Question number three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? Be reasonable and realistic
31、about what you can do in a short period, say, two to four weeks. If your topic is “The American Revolution“, youll scarcely have time to make a list of books on your subject, let alone read and analyze them. So try to find something specific, such as “The Role of Thomas Jefferson in the American Rev
32、olution“ or “The Franco-American Alliance“. Question number four What questions can you ask about the topic itself? Questions help you get the topic down to a manageable size, discover its possibilities, and find the goal of your research, that is, the specific problem you want to investigate. Suppo
33、se you want to write about the issue of financing a college education a topic not only current, but also directly linked to the lives of most college students and their families. You could ask at least two or three pointed questions: How much does educational opportunity depend on financial status?
34、Is financial aid going to the students who need it most? How much should universities and colleges charge their students? You can ask yourself these questions or more as you start work on the research paper. Okay. To sum up, in todays lecture, weve looked at some of the issues in research paper writ
35、ing, like the basic steps, types of research paper, and how to choose a topic. In our next lecture, well concentrate on how to identify the audience, how to work out an outline, and how to edit the draft. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 basic steps 【试题解析】 原文提到 Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic
36、 steps。由此可知，研究性论文和普通的评论性文章有相同的基本步骤。此空后给的三个例子为一般写论文的基本步骤，由此也可推断出答案。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 identifying 【试题解析】 本空为与 choosing a topic及 asking questions并列的例子 ，听录音时应留意。原文除了提到选择主题和提问题外，接着还提到要确定目标读者(identifying the audience)，填入录音原词 identifying即可。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 raw material 【试题解析】 原文提到 “研究性文章和其他类型的文章不同之处是你
37、的原始材料来自于书面的东西，而不是你的脑子。 ”由此可知，原材料的不同，是研究性论文和普通评论性文章的根本不同点。因此，两类文体的不同点在于 raw material。题目中关键词为 difference， 在听音时应注意听力原文中 Is there any difference后的内容。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 head 【试题解析】 由解答上一题的录音关键句中可知普通评论性文章的原材料来源于个人的思想，即 ideas in ones head。本题的答案通过简单的转换，也可方便地从录音原文中获得。也可填 mind。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 facts and o
38、pinions 【试题解析】 本空需填入调查研究性论文的第一个特点。录音首先提到，在撰 写调查研究性论文时需要搜集事实和各种各样的观点，即 facts and opinions。本题答案可直接从录音获得，也可根据搭配习惯及文章主旨，总结原文内容填入data。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 quote 【试题解析】 此空需填入调查研究性论文的第二个特点。说到调查研究性论文的写作，录音提到， through quotation， summary， and paraphrase， you ，由于空格前为不定式 to，故此空应填入 quotation的动词形式 quote。 【知识模块】 听力
39、 7 【正确答案】 summarize 【试题解析】 该空承接上空需填入调查研究性论文的另一个特点。结合上题的分析，应填入 summary的相应动词 summarize。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 objective 【试题解析】 原文提到作者需要提供最具代表性的事实或观点，对所阐述的观点进行客观的描述。此外，原文还指出作者本人不能对任何一种态度或观点表示明确的支持。即在写调查研究性论文时，作者需持客观态度。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 interpret 【试题解析】 此空为写作论证性文章的步骤。原文提到，除了使用调查研究性文章的步骤外，还需 interpret， qu
40、estion， compare等等，因此答案为 interpret。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 Purpose 【试题解析】 论证性文章的第 2个特点是 your purpose may vary with your topic，即写作目的因写作内容不同而不同。题目中给出的 to recommend an action， etc “推荐一种行为，等等 ”是表示目的 的，据此也可推断出此空可填purpose一词。此外，由与此空所在句并列的 a The writer可知， purpose的首字母应大写。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 ask questions 【试题解析】
41、 选择论题的方法就是提出问题，即 ask questions，文章后面列举了在选择和确定论题时需要提出的 4个问题。考生可以通过研读考题发现需要填入空格的词。题目中，紧接着这句话的是 Question No 1， Question No 2，QuestionNo 3， Question No 4等字样，因此作为概括性的一句话，应填入 ask questions。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 familiarity 【试题解析】 本题涉及选择主题时需要问自己的 4个问题中的第 1个：是否想了解更多。概括来说，是需要回顾询问自己对所要选的主题既有的熟悉程度，故答案可填 familiar
42、ity。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 availability 【试题解析】 本题涉及选择主题时需要问自己的 4个问题中的第 2个：是否能够找到与此主题相关的资源。也 即是说相关信息的可用性，故答案可概括为availability。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 a manageable size 【试题解析】 录音中与本题相关的信息是 “你能否把你的题目削减到你可以掌控的大小。 ”随后的录音中，演讲者继续提到 “你可以提一些问题来帮助你把题目削减到你可以掌控的大小 ”，据此，可知所缺的信息是 a manageable size。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】
43、the topic itself 【试题解析】 录音中与本题相关的信息 是 What questions can you ask about the topic itself“你能就主题本身提什么问题 ”，据此可知应填入 the topic itself。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be as
44、ked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds
45、 to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 M: Today, weve Professor McKay on our Morning Talk Show. Good morning, Professor McKay. W: Good morning. M: Ive heard that you and your team have just completed a report on old age. W: Thats right. M: Could you tell me what your report is about? W: Well, the repo
46、rt basically looks into the various beliefs that people hold about old age and tries to verify them. M: And what do you think your report can achieve? W: We hope that it will somehow help people to change their feelings about old age. The problem is that far too many of us believe that most old peop
47、le are poor, lonely and unhappy. As a result, we tend to find old people, as a group, unattractive. And this is very dangerous for our society. M: But surely we cannot escape the fact that many old people are lonely and many are sick. W: No, we cant. But we must also remember that the proportion of
48、such people, is ho greater among the 60-70 age group than among the 50-60 age group. M: In other words, there is no more mental illness, for example, among the 60s-70s than among the 50s-60s? W: Right! And why should there be? Why should we expect people to suddenly change when they reach their 60th
49、 or 65th birthday any more than they did when they reached their 21st? M: But one would expect there to be more physical illness among old people, surely? W: Why should one expect this? After all, those people who reach the age of 65 or 70 are the strong among us. The weak die mainly in childhood, then in their 40s and 50s. Furthermore, by the time people reach 60 o
