1、专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 208及答案与解析 一、 PART IV TRANSLATION 1 二十岁的时候，我穿着一条背心式牛仔裙在校园里走来走去，一说话就脸红。三十岁的我穿着名牌套装，坐在办公桌前，满脸冷酷地对下属说： “这么愚蠢的问题你也敢问 ?也不先打个草稿 ”。 二十岁的暑假，在家乡的大街上偶遇自己的暗恋对象，听说他考上了研究生，被他的进步所打击，心如刀绞，想到这辈子终于不能出色得让他看我一眼，不禁怆然泪下。三十岁之后，到处打听哪里可以花钱买个 MBA。 2 芙蓉镇街面不大 。十几家铺子、几十户住家紧紧夹着一条青石板街。 铺子和铺子是那样的紧密，以至一家煮狗肉，满街闻香气：以至谁
2、家娃儿跌跤碰脱牙、打了碗，街坊邻里心中都有数；以至姐妹家的私房话，年轻夫妻的打情骂俏，都常常被隔壁邻居听了去，传为一镇的秘闻趣事，笑料谈资。偶尔某户人家弟兄内讧，夫妻斗殴，整条街道便会骚动起来，人们往来奔走，相告相劝，如同一河受惊的鸭群，半天不得平息。 3 于是 洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去；吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去；默默时，便从凝然的双眼前过去。 4 不同的人对退休持 不同的态度。有些人认为退休后可享受晚年的生活。但真的退了下来，他们则有点失望。看到自己就要被抛到废物堆里，他们不甘认命，设法另找事干来发挥自己的余热，以继续得到收入。另一些人则对一生中这样一个重大变动早有准备。他们一生为工
3、作操劳，现在筋疲力尽了，渴望退休后能放松拉紧的弦，好好休息。 5 同时，父母之命媒妁之言的旧式婚姻，却要比嫖妓更高明。这制度之下，男人得到永久的终身的活财产。当新妇人被放到新郎的床上的时候，她只有义务，她连讲价钱的自由都没有，何况恋爱。不管你爱不爱，在周公孔圣人的名义之下，你得从一而终，你得守贞操。男人可以随时使用她，而她却要遵守圣贤的礼教，即使“只在心里动了恶念，也要算犯奸淫 ”的。 在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主莱时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃
4、完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。 第二，你初到一个餐馆， 开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做 “陌生化效应 ”吧。 专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 208答案与解析 一、 PART IV TRANSLATION 1 【正确答案】 At the age of twenty, wearing a jeans jumper, I moved about on the campus, my face blushing the moment I had the in
5、clination to make an utterance. At the age of thirty, I, wearing a famous-brand suit and a cold look, reproach my subordinate bluntly, “How can you go so far as to raise such a silly, mindless question?“ At the age of twenty, during the summer holiday I ran into the young man whom I loved in private
6、 in the street of my hometown. Upon hearing that he had been enrolled as a graduate, I was virtually dealt a heavy blow, believing reluctantly so painful a fact that I could never do well enough to win his favor, bitter tears streaming down my cheeks. After thirty, I busy myself here and there, inqu
7、iring where I could buy an MBA diploma. 【试题解析】 1本文讲述了作者二十岁和三十岁的区别和转变，叙事性质强，总体时态宜用一般过去时。 2服饰是翻译的难点之一。第 1句中的 “背心式牛仔裙 ”在英语中有对应的译法，应译为 jeans jumper或 denim jumper，不宜按意思译为 vest-like jean skirt或sleeveless jeans skirt 3高分译文在翻译第 2句 “穿着名牌套装， 满脸冷酷地对下属说 ”时巧妙地将用动词 wear将两个宾语 “名牌套装 ”和 “满脸冷酷 ”串起来，简化了句式，是难得的佳译。 4第 2
8、句中的 “也不先打个草稿 ”是典型的中文，若直译为 why didnt you make a draft first，难免让英语读者疑惑，故译文采用了意译，用 mindless“没思想，未经思考的 ”一词来表达，既简洁，也不失原意。 5最后一句中的 “买个 MBA”实指 “买个 MBA学位 ”，故翻译时增译 diploma一词。 【知识模块】 翻译 2 【正确答案】 These shops were so packed together that if one of them stewed dogmeat, the aroma filled the whole street; if some
9、child fell and knocked out a tooth or smashed a bowl, the whole street knew of it; neighbours often overheard secret words girls confided to each other and amorous jokes between young married couples, then regaled the whole town with these titbits. If brothers fell out or husband and wife came to bl
10、ows, the whole place got in a turmoil as all rushed to intercede and it would be quite some time before they calmed down, just like a startled flock of wild ducks. 【试题解析】 1本段选自文学作品，叙述某一历史时期所发生的事情，故宜选用一般过去时为总体时态。 2对于几个四字结构，翻译时不应拘泥于原文的形式，可以采用意译法。 “弟兄内讧，夫妻斗殴 ”可译成 fightsbetween brothers and brawls betwe
11、en married couple； “骚动起来 ”可译 get tremulous或 get in aturmoil； “往来奔走，相告相劝 ”可译成 rush to help make peace或 to intercede。 【知识模块】 翻 译 3 【正确答案】 Thusthe day flows away through the sink when I wash my hands, wears off in the bowl when I eat my meal, passes away before my day-dreaming gaze as I reflect in sile
12、nce. 【试题解析】 原文是三个排比句，句中重复出现了 “过去 ”一词，具有很强的艺术效果，英译时采用了相同的句式。但针对 三个 “过去 ”所对应的对象，用了不同的译法。第一个过去译成 flow away“流走 ”，对应 sink“洗手盆 ”；第二个 “过去 ”译成wear off“失去光泽 ”针对 bowl“饭碗 ”；第三个 “过去 ”译为 pass away“从眼前移开，移走 ”则与 gaze“凝望 ”契合。 【知识模块】 翻译 4 【正确答案】 Attitudes toward retirement vary from person to person. Some people, be
13、fore they retire, may think that they will be able to relax and enjoy their old age, but when they actually retire, disappointment sets in. Unwilling to resign themselves to the circumstance of being deemed “spent“, being thrown onto the scrap heap, so to speak, they try to seek alternative employme
14、nt so as to continue making use of their energy, skill, and knowledge in return for extra income. Others have already prepared themselves for this significant change in their lives. After working hard for a major part of their life, they feel exhausted and are eager to relax in retirement with all t
15、he strains relieved. 【试题解析】 1本段以平铺直叙的方法对当代社会生活发表议论，故采用一般现在时为总体时态。 2原文第 2句和第 3句衔接紧密，带有转折关系，说明有些人退休前与退休后的不同心态，翻译时应采用 “增补 ”的翻译手法，补充出 before they retire和 when they actually retire，增强译文的逻辑性。 “认为退休后可享受 ”译成 may think that they will be able to relax and enjoy，通过一般现在时和一般将来时的组合来明确时间关系，省略 “退休后 ”，避免 retirement一
16、词的过度重复。 3 “这样一个重大变动 ”应译成 this significant change，比 the significant change指代更明确。 4第 6句的 “一生为工作操劳 ”兼有时间与因果两层逻辑关系，可译成 After working hard for a major partof their life； “一生 ”译成 a major part of their life比all their life更为准确，尤其是随着生活条件的不断改善，中国人的平均寿命不断增加，若译成 all their life则含有 “死之将近 ”的含义，略带悲观色彩，与全文整体风格略有出入。
17、【知识模块】 翻译 5 【正确答案】 At the same time, the old-style marriage made “at the behest of the parents and after consultation between matchmakers“ was superior even to whoring. Under this system, the man came into a piece of live property that was his to hold forever. From the time the bride was deposited o
18、n the bed of the bridegroom she had only duties and obligations to perform; even the freedom to haggle over a price was denied her, let alone love. Love or without love, in the name of Duke of Zhou and the Sage Confucius, she had to cleave to one man for all her days, and she had to preserve her cha
19、stity. The man could use her whenever he pleased, yet she had to abide by the morale teachings of the saintly fathers: even “to conceive an unclean thought is to be guilty of adultery“. 【试题解析】 1本段讲述封建婚姻制度下妇女的悲惨命运，为历史性叙述，故采用一般过去时为总体时态。 2第 1句 “父母之命媒妁之言 ”为中国俗语，可采用意译法译成 at the behest of the parents and
20、afterconsultation between matchmakers，或可译成 at the parentsdecree(order)and matchmakersadvice。 3 “嫖妓 ”可译成 whoring，简洁明了，符合英文的表达方式，也可根据意思译成visiting(frequenting)broth-els或 taking prostitutes。 4第 3句 “讲价钱 ”可译为 haggle或 bargain，突出封建婚姻制度的商业化本质。 5第 5句 “圣贤 ”可译为 saintly fathers。 “犯奸淫 ”可译为 be guilty of adultery或commit adultery。 【知识模块】 翻译
