1、专业英语四级模拟试卷 281及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage
2、 will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute 1 Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you fo
3、ur times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again a
4、nd during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Directions: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 2 What happ
5、ened to the woman? （ A） She was very sick and was taken to the hospital. （ B） She fell and hurt herself badly. （ C） She broke her leg in a traffic accident. （ D） She was working when something suddenly fell onto her head. 3 The man is most probably （ A） the womans doctor. （ B） a court investigator.
6、（ C） the womans brother. （ D） the womans colleague. 4 How long will the woman have to stay away from work? （ A） Not too long. （ B） Eight weeks or less. （ C） No more than eight weeks. （ D） More than eight weeks. 5 What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? （ A） Coach and baseball pla
7、yer. （ B） Reporter and baseball player. （ C） Baseball fan and baseball coach. （ D） Club boss and baseball player. 6 How old was the man when he began to play as a pitcher? （ A） 27. （ B） 30. （ C） 24. （ D） 18. 7 It can be inferred from the conversation that the man （ A） is very intelligent. （ B） enjoy
8、s great popularity. （ C） is a gifted baseball player. （ D） still faces stiff competition. 8 According to Rose, a “smart“ car （ A） is equipped with advanced devices. （ B） is installed with a robot. （ C） is intelligent and can think itself. （ D） can talk with people. 9 According to the man, his brothe
9、r （ A） does the work of making maps. （ B） is quite familiar with the citys routes. （ C） is a geographic specialist. （ D） knows more than a computerized map. 10 The radar warning systems can （ A） tell drivers accidents on the road in advance. （ B） remind drivers when there is only a little oil left.
10、（ C） help drivers change the direction. （ D） give alarm signals if drivers get too close to other cars. 11 What was the reason the man was late? （ A） He couldnt find the way. （ B） His car ran out of oil. （ C） He came at rush hour. （ D） His car wasnt smart enough. SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In th
11、is section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 12 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） In every school there is a “top“ crowd that sets the pace. （ B） It is a mistake to follow the “top“ crowd blindly. （ C） At one time o
12、r another you probably did something you knew to be wrong. （ D） People who follow the “top“ crowd are endangering their very lives. 13 The speaker disapproves of wearing red sweaters if （ A） the crowd is wearing them. （ B） you cant afford them. （ C） you dont look good in red. （ D） it is against scho
13、ol regulations. 14 The speaker urges the listeners to （ A） follow the crowd. （ B） take the advice of the elders. （ C） be independent. （ D） do whatever they wants. 15 Who is Harold Smith? （ A） The editor. （ B） A journalism professor. （ C） The budget director. （ D） An engineer. 16 The Voice is printed
14、 _ days a week. （ A） one （ B） two （ C） five （ D） seven 17 According to the speaker, which of the following is the best reason for joining the staff? （ A） To make lots of money. （ B） To learn to type. （ C） To make life more interesting. （ D） To get better grades. 18 Which of the following about cola
15、in the past is CORRECT? （ A） It started out as a soft drink. （ B） It was first a cure for headaches. （ C） It tasted bitter and no one liked it. （ D） It was only sold to patients. 19 What should customers do before drinking the syrup? （ A） Heat it. （ B） Add oil in it. （ C） Shake it gently. （ D） Mix i
16、t with water. 20 Cola became a carbonated drink （ A） by sheer accident. （ B） by careful studying. （ C） by complicated experiments. （ D） by the clerks careless work. 21 According to the passage, todays cola （ A） tastes the same as the past. （ B） is not refreshing. （ C） can not cure headaches. （ D） is
17、 much cheaper than before. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 22 The news item is mainly about （ A） World Cup in South Africa. （ B） police uniform change. （ C） police battling obe
18、sity. （ D） police losing their jobs. 23 Vietnam signed an agreement with the United States to （ A） develop its agriculture. （ B） develop nuclear weapons. （ C） get investment from US companies. （ D） meet its energy demand. 24 Vietnam has already signed agreements with nations EXCEPT （ A） China. （ B）
19、Russia. （ C） Pakistan. （ D） India. 25 What is the theme of the summit? （ A） Economy of the United States. （ B） Government spending. （ C） Worlds financial future. （ D） Worlds political crisis. 26 Which of the following problems that the leaders have to deal with is NOT mentioned in the news? （ A） Whe
20、n to inject dollars to their economies. （ B） How to withdraw government support. （ C） When to withdraw government support. （ D） How to avoid another financial crisis. 27 How many athletes took part in the 2006 Winter Olympics? （ A） 85. （ B） 1,924. （ C） 2,500. （ D） 25,000. 28 What is NOT recounted in
21、 Sue Macys new book? （ A） Highlights. （ B） Low points. （ C） Changes. （ D） High points. 29 Whats the name of the new book written by Sue Macy? （ A） Freeze Game: A Photographic History of the Winter Olympics. （ B） Freeze Frame: A Photographic History of the Winter Olympics. （ C） Free Frame: A Photogra
22、phic History of the Winter Olympics. （ D） Free Game: A Photographic History of the Winter Olympics. 二、 PART III CLOZE (15 MIN) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. 29
23、 Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet. Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 1
24、6th centuries. Yet much had happened【 31】 . As was discussed before, it was not【 32】 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【 33】 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【 34】 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications
25、 revolution【 35】 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading【 36】 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【 37】 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in【 38】 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized,【
26、 39】 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,【 40】 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【 41】 its impact on the media was not immediately【 42】 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they becam
27、e “personal“ too, as well as【 43】 , with display becoming sharper and storage【 44】 increasing. They were thought of, like people,【 45】 generations, with the distance between generations much【 46】 . It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe
28、 the【 47】 within which we now live. The communications revolution has【 48】 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been【 49】 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weighed【 50】 “harmful“ outcomes.
29、And generalizations have proved difficult. （ A） between （ B） before （ C） since （ D） later （ A） after （ B） by （ C） during （ D） until （ A） means （ B） method （ C） medium （ D） measure （ A） process （ B） company （ C） light （ D） form （ A） gathered （ B） speeded （ C） worked （ D） picked （ A） on （ B） out （ C）
30、over （ D） off （ A） of （ B） for （ C） beyond （ D） into （ A） concept （ B） dimension （ C） effect （ D） perspective （ A） indeed （ B） hence （ C） however （ D） therefore （ A） brought （ B） followed （ C） stimulated （ D） characterized （ A） unless （ B） since （ C） lest （ D） although （ A） apparent （ B） desirable （
31、 C） negative （ D） plausible （ A） institutional （ B） universal （ C） fundamental （ D） instrumental （ A） ability （ B） capability （ C） capacity （ D） faculty （ A） by means of （ B） in terms of （ C） with regard to （ D） in line with （ A） deeper （ B） fewer （ C） nearer （ D） smaller （ A） context （ B） range （ C
32、） scope （ D） territory （ A） regarded （ B） impressed （ C） influenced （ D） effected （ A） competitive （ B） controversial （ C） distracting （ D） irrational （ A） above （ B） upon （ C） against （ D） with 三、 PART IV GRAMMAR such codes provide organisms with information on population size in a region so that t
33、hey can, if necessary, exercise reproductive restraint. However, Wynne-Edwards theory, linking animal social behavior and population control, has been challenged, with some justification, by several studies. 80 Which of the following may be a density-independent factor that affects animal population
34、? （ A） Famine. （ B） Tornadoes. （ C） The number of predators. （ D） The variety of food supply. 81 The density-dependent theorists have not yet been able to （ A） explain the population growth of organisms with short life cycles. （ B） re-produce the results of the study of Christian and Davis. （ C） sho
35、w how many mechanisms that manage regulation there are. （ D） make sufficiently accurate predictions about the effects of crowding. 82 Which of the following, if true, would best support the density-dependent theory of population control? （ A） As the number of foxes in Minnesota decrease, the growth
36、rate of this population of foxes begins to increase. （ B） As the number of woodpeckers in Vermont decreases, the growth rate of this population of woodpeckers also begins to decrease. （ C） After the number of prairie dogs in Oklahoma increases, the number of predators of these dogs also begins to in
37、crease. （ D） After the number of beavers in Tennessee decreases, the number of predators of these beavers begins to increase. 83 According to the Wynne-Edwards theory, epideictic behavior displays serve the function of （ A） determining roosting aggregations. （ B） locating food. （ C） attracting preda
38、tors. （ D） regulating sexual activity. 84 The challenge posed to the Wynne-Edwards theory by several studies is regarded by the author with （ A） complete indifference. （ B） qualified acceptance. （ C） skeptical amusement. （ D） perplexed astonishment. 84 Science is committed to the universal. A sign o
39、f this is that the more successful a science becomes, the broader the agreement about its basic concepts. There is not a separate Chinese or American or Soviet thermodynamics, for example; there is simply thermodynamics. For several decades of the twentieth century there was a Western and a Soviet g
40、enetics, the latter associated with Lysenkos theory that environmental stress can produce genetic mutations. Today Lysenkos theory is discredited, and there is now only one genetics. As the corollary of science, technology also exhibits the universalizing tendency. This is why the spread of technolo
41、gy makes the world look ever more homogeneous. Architectural styles, dress styles, musical styles even eating styles tend increasingly to be world styles. The world looks more homogeneous because it is more homogeneous. Children who grow up in this world therefore experience it as a sameness rather
42、than a diversity, and because their identities are shaped by this sameness, their sense of differences among cultures and individuals diminishes. As buildings become more alike, the people who inhabit the buildings become more alike. The result is described precisely in a phrase that is already fami
43、liar: the disappearance of history. The automobile illustrates the point with great clarity. A technological innovation like streamlining or allwelded body construction may be rejected initially, but if it is important to the efficiency, or economics of automobiles, it will reappear in different way
44、s until it is not only accepted but universally regarded as an asset. Todays automobile is no longer unique to a given company or even to a given national culture, its basic features are found, with variations, in automobiles in general, no matter who makes them. As in architecture, so in automaking
45、. In a given cost range, the same technology tends to produce the same solutions. The visual evidence for this is as obvious for cars as for buildings. Today, if you choose models in the same price range, you will be hard put at 500 paces to tell one make from another. In other words, the specifical
46、ly American traits that lingered in American automobiles in the 1960s traits that linked American cars to American history are disappearing. Even the Volkswagen Beetle has disappeared and has taken with it the visible evidence of the history of streamlining that extends from DArcy Thompson to Carl B
47、reer to Ferdinand Porsche. If man creates machines, machines in turn shape their creators. As the automobile is universalized, it universalizes those who use it. Like the World Car he drives, modern man is becoming universal. No longer quite an individual, no longer quite the product of a unique geo
48、graphy and culture, he moves from one climatecontrolled shopping mall to another, one airport to the next, from one Holiday Inn to its successor three hundred miles down the road; but somehow his location never changes. He is cosmopolitan. The price he pays is that he no longer has a home in the tra
49、ditional sense of the word. The benefit is that he begins to suspect home on the traditional sense is another name for limitations, and that home in the modern sense is everywhere and always surrounded by neighbors. 85 When a science is becoming more advanced, （ A） there will be clearer difference among the sciences of various countries. （ B） there will be more scientists compete with each other. （ C） people will increasingly believe in science. （ D） more people will agree on its basic concepts. 86 Today automobiles produced by different countries may
