1、专业英语四级模拟试卷 311及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage
2、 will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Directions: In this section you will hear several conver
3、sations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 2 Which is NOT true of the man? （ A） He is new in the Department. （ B） He gets along well with others. （ C） He is in charge of a project. （ D） He is from Scotland. 3 What is the temperature in Cambridge? （ A） 2
4、2. （ B） 23. （ C） 25 （ D） 34 4 What is the best choice for the woman? （ A） She should live on campus. （ B） She should live with an English family. （ C） She should live in the University Society. （ D） She should live with friends. 5 What is the relationship between the two speakers? （ A） They are frie
5、nds. （ B） They have never met before. （ C） They are lovers. （ D） They are classmates. 6 What is the cause of the long waiting? （ A） The computer of the place goes wrong. （ B） There arent enough people selling tickets. （ C） The tickets are not many. （ D） They havent mentioned about it. 7 What does th
6、e man think about the long waiting? （ A） He thinks it terrific. （ B） He thinks the waiting is worthy. （ C） He feels comfortable waiting so long. （ D） He feels disgusted. 8 Why did Tom go to live in the country? （ A） Because he liked working with children. （ B） Because he lost his job. （ C） Because h
7、e hated the city. （ D） Because he wanted to be a farmer. 9 What is true of Tom? （ A） He moved to another country. （ B） He did not buy a small holding. （ C） He studied for a social diploma for two years. （ D） He did not have formal education. 10 Having decided to move to the country, Toms first prpbl
8、em was （ A） finding a place to live. （ B） buying a house. （ C） finding means to live on. （ D） buying a farm. 11 From the interview, we learn that Tom was （ A） very ambitious and calculating. （ B） quite experienced in dealing with kids. （ C） anxious to start up his career in a small cottage. （ D） abl
9、e to do some gardening. SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 12 Why are the lives of plants not well-known to most people? （ A） Because plants are not important to people. （ B） Beca
10、use plants time-scale is different from ours. （ C） Because plants are not in constant motion. （ D） Because it is impossible for people to know it. 13 How can time-lapse photography be made to demonstrate the living organism of plants? （ A） A series of images are captured at different intervals. （ B）
11、 Extraordinary things are taken all the time. （ C） It takes a relatively long time to take images. （ D） The images are viewed very slowly. 14 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） Ways to make time-lapse photography. （ B） Difficulties in making time-lapse movies. （ C） Importance of plants to human
12、beings. （ D） A website with photos of plants in movie. 15 What happened to Mrs. Greys car one morning? （ A） It was pulled away by the traffic polices. （ B） It was driven away by a young man. （ C） It ran into another car and was damaged. （ D） It was not parked at the railway station. 16 Why didnt Mrs
13、. Grey and the young man handle the accident on the spot? （ A） Because they were too busy to do so at that time. （ B） Because Mrs. Grey didnt want to call the police. （ C） Because the young man drove away immediately. （ D） Because their cars were not badly damaged. 17 What happened when Mrs. Grey ca
14、me back from work that evening? （ A） A policeman was waiting for her. （ B） She had another accident. （ C） She couldnt find a place to park her car. （ D） The young man was waiting for her in his car. 18 Whom did the lady first think of to help her out? （ A） Her neighbors. （ B） The porter. （ C） The po
15、liceman. （ D） The passer-by. 19 What did the lady find when she went through the rooms? （ A） The things she possessed had been searched inside out. （ B） All the rooms had been covered with broken pieces. （ C） Some of the rooms were in a mess. （ D） Some of the rooms had not been touched. 20 How might
16、 burglars come into the ladys flat according to the constable? （ A） By force. （ B） Through the window. （ C） Through her neighbors balcony. （ D） By using skeleton keys. 21 What can be inferred from the passage? （ A） The red bag belonged to the lady. （ B） There were many fingerprints on the red bag. （
17、 C） The ladys flat was not the burglars first guilty place. （ D） The burglar did not come into the flat at all. 22 The Dow closed down at （ A） 180 point 2. （ B） 3,805. （ C） 5549 （ D） 50 point 1. 23 What does the news item mainly about? （ A） The happenings on the share and currency markets. （ B） The
18、relations between U.S., Germany and Japan. （ C） The Londons share index. （ D） The Asian and Western relation. 24 Who is George Mitchell? （ A） A representative of the IRA guerrillas. （ B） A key player. （ C） A former U.S. Senator. （ D） A businessman and writer. 25 What can be concluded from the news?
19、（ A） The negotiators will cooperate in their attempt to solve violence in Northern Ireland. （ B） Representatives of the IRA guerrillas can be excluded from the peace talks. （ C） The IRA guerrillas will soon give up fighting the British rule. （ D） The Conservative Party will continue to be the ruling
20、 party. 二、 PART III CLOZE (15 MIN) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. 25 In America, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures
21、children are expected to care【 C1】 _their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who【 C2】 _with their parents【 C3】_65% to 70%. In Thailand, too, children are expected to look after their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live【 C4】 _. What explains these differences in
22、 living arrangements across cultures? Modernization theory【 C5】 _the extended family to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons.【 C6】 _with modernization, children move to urban areas,【 C7】
23、 _old people after in【 C8】_rural areas. Yet modernization theory cant explain why such households were never common in America or England, or why families in fully modernized Italy【 C9】_a strong tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain【 C10】 _living a
24、rrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance【 C11】 _. In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance overtakes.【 C12】 _this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then【 C13】 _their property when they die. The
25、stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws,【 C14】 _broader social changes brought【 C15】 _by industrialization and urbanization, have【 C16】_the usage. In 1960 about 80% of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60%【 C17】 _ a figure that is still hig
26、h【 C18】 _American standards, but which has been【 C19】 _steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are【 C20】 _: the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77% in 1984 to 50% just 10 years later. 26 【 C1】 （ A） about （ B） after （ C） for （ D） over 27 【 C2】 （ A） reside
27、 （ B） recite （ C） redeem （ D） rebel 28 【 C3】 （ A） amasses （ B） amounts （ C） attains （ D） reaches 29 【 C4】 （ A） allegedly （ B） alone （ C） already （ D） aloud 30 【 C5】 （ A） associated （ B） linked （ C） united （ D） combined 31 【 C6】 （ A） Therefore （ B） But （ C） Although （ D） Given 32 【 C7】 （ A） leave （ B
28、） left （ C） leaving （ D） to leave 33 【 C8】 （ A） isolated （ B） lonely （ C） ideal （ D） secluded 34 【 C9】 （ A） maintain （ B） promote （ C） conserve （ D） support 35 【 C10】 （ A） international （ B） intergenerational （ C） intercontinental （ D） interactive 36 【 C11】 （ A） models （ B） patterns （ C） modules （ D
29、） patches 37 【 C12】 （ A） At （ B） Under （ C） By （ D） Over 38 【 C13】 （ A） delivers （ B） conveys （ C） conceives （ D） inherits 39 【 C14】 （ A） as well as （ B） might as well （ C） as well （ D） as though 40 【 C15】 （ A） off （ B） up （ C） around （ D） about 41 【 C16】 （ A） undermined （ B） decreased （ C） diminish
30、ed （ D） defeated 42 【 C17】 （ A） lived （ B） did （ C） made （ D） had 43 【 C18】 （ A） by （ B） on （ C） with （ D） in 44 【 C19】 （ A） inclining （ B） reclining （ C） declining （ D） reducing 45 【 C20】 （ A） receding （ B） removing （ C） invading （ D） eroding 三、 PART IV GRAMMAR nobody can doubt it. （ A） in question
31、 （ B） out of the question （ C） beside the question （ D） without question 72 With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very_ for the nineteenth-century factory workers. （ A） hostile （ B） anxious （ C） tedious （ D） obscure 73 On New Years Eve, there will be a firework_at People
32、s Square. （ A） performance （ B） display （ C） show （ D） exhibition 74 Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that_one year of college. （ A） improves （ B） subsidizes （ C） obliges （ D） subscribes 75 Our hopes_and fell in the same instant. （ A） arose （ B） raised （ C） rose （ D） aro
33、used 75 Common cold is a viral infection that starts in the upper respiratory tract, sometimes spreads to the lower structures, and may contribute secondary infections in the eyes or middle ears. The main differences between the common cold and other respiratory infections are the absence of fever a
34、nd the relative mildness of the symptoms. About 200 different strains of virus are capable of producing colds. Frequently two or more different viruses can be isolated during a single episode. The cold is spread by person-to-person contact. People can carry the virus and communicate it without thems
35、elves experiencing any of the symptoms. Incubation is short usually one to four days. The viruses start spreading from an infected person before the symptoms appear, and the spread reaches its peak during the symptomatic phase. The incidence of colds peaks during the autumn, and minor epidemics comm
36、only occur throughout the winter. The reason for this incidence is unknown; it may not stem mainly from stresses imposed by chilly weather but rather result from the greater amount of time spent indoors, which increases the likelihood of close contact with those persons carrying cold viruses. Pathol
37、ogic changes occurring in the mucous membrane that lines the nose, the nasal sinuses, the nasoharynx, and other upper respiratory passages may include tissue swelling, congestion of blood, and oozing of fluids. During the acute phase of the disease, the respiratory secretions are altered by increase
38、 in serum proteins. Parts of cells may also be found in the fluids. Tissue repair is rapid and seems complete, although a relationship might exist between colds and more serious respiratory conditions. Cold symptoms vary from person to person, but in the individual the same symptoms tend to recur in
39、 succeeding bouts of infection. Manifestations may include sneezing, headaches, fatigue, chilling, sore throat, inflammation of the nose (rhinitis;, and nasal discharge. There is usually no fever. The symptoms usually last for only a few days. The nasal discharge is the first warning. The secretions
40、 become watery, clear, and excessive. Later, they thicken, increase in mucus and pus content, and may colour a yellow-green, with traces of blood. Coughing can be dry or produce amounts of mucus. Other more serious diseases with similar general symptoms may be mistaken for a cold; some of these are
41、tuberculosis, bronchitis, lung abscesses, and inflammation around the heart. Treatment is, in most instances, directed toward allaying of symptoms, coupled with rest and adequate fluid intake. Occasionally antibiotics are given to prevent secondary infections. 76 According to this passage, common co
42、ld is （ A） a hereditary disease. （ B） generally accompanied with mild fever. （ C） a kind of popular respiratory infection. （ D） caused by spending a lot of time outdoors in chilly weather. 77 The second paragraph is mainly about_of colds. （ A） the causes （ B） the definition （ C） the incubation （ D）
43、the spreading 78 What kind of person is most likely to catch a cold? （ A） The person who has a mild fever for a few days. （ B） The person who carries viruses capable of producing colds. （ C） The person who spends most of his time indoors. （ D） The person who spends most of his time outdoors. 79 Whic
44、h of the following is NOT a treatment to cold? （ A） More rest. （ B） Drink enough water. （ C） Take antibiotics. （ D） Stay indoors more. 80 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） Common cold is the first warning of bronchitis. （ B） Tuberculosis is believed to have developed from common cold.
45、（ C） The application of antibiotics is the only effective means in the treatment of common cold. （ D） Radical surgery is never needed in the treatment of common cold. 80 Can computers reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately,
46、errors frequently occur, and we are not talking about simple carelessness as occurs when two numbers are incorrectly added, nor do we mean errors resulting from simple forgetfulness. Rather, we have in mind errors of a logic nature those resulting from faulty reasoning. Now, or at least soon, comput
47、ers will be capable of error-free logical reasoning in a variety of areas. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the last two decades research in the field of automated theorem proving. AURA (Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that best exemplifies this us
48、e of the computer. AURA solves a problem by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. Program does not learn, nor is it self-analytical, but it reaches logical conclusions flawlessly. It used various types of reasoning and, more important, has access to very powerful and sophi
49、sticated logical strategies. AURA seldom relies on brute force to find solutions. Instead it solves almost all problems by using sophisticated techniques to find a contradiction. One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test a safety system that automatically shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the syst
