1、专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 222及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage wi
2、ll be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 222答案与 解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage
3、will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done a
4、t normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 Office Conflict The office can be very demanding on the lives of the workers. / Stress can build up and explode into problems. / This can seriously influence the productivity and efficiency of a business. / The problems t
5、hat upset an office can vary drastically / depending on the nature of the employees or even the employers. / Employees may feel that they are being overworked or underpaid. / They may also feel that this signals the loss of appreciation on their work, / which would cause increasing tension as they c
6、omplain about work. / They may also have personality differences which can cause conflict. / This can be seen in offices where too close relationships develop. / People in authority may tend to place more value / on these relationships than on the work itself. / They may have lost sight of the goal
7、of forwarding the development of the company. / Gossiping about co-workers and the company / is a frequent example of this. / 【试题解析】 办公室冲突 办公室工作环境对员工的职场生存能力有很高的要求。困扰办公室的问题可能大相径庭，这取决于员工甚至是老板的禀性。员工也许会觉得他们工作过度或薪酬过低。他们或许也会觉得，这意味着他们的工作已经得不到赏识，而当他们抱怨工作的时候会使这种紧张冲突逐步增加。员工们的个性差异也可能会引起冲突。这种情况在人际关系过于亲近的办公室内可以见
8、到。 【知识模块】 听写 2 【正确答案】 Healthy Eating in Older People Eating well will help people stay healthy and live life to the full. / The number of older adults in the world is growing. / The greatest challenge over the coming years / will be maintaining the health of this increasing number of older people. /
9、 But the nutritional needs of older adults are difficult to neatly categorize into absolute age groups. / Dietary needs depend on current health. / While many older people are fit and active, / some others who are younger may be frail and require additional care. / To meet their nutritional needs, /
10、 older adults should eat a varied diet including regular meals and snacks, / and drink enough fluid. / Sometimes they can no longer eat as much food at a single sitting. / Its recommended for them to include more nutritious snacks in between meals. / If its difficult to get to the shops, / keeping s
11、ome basic foods in the store cupboard is a good choice. / 【试题解析】 老年人的健康饮食 吃得好有助于人们保持健康、生活充实。全世界老年人的数量在不断增加。未来几年内最大的挑战就是维持这些不断增多的老年人的健康。但是老年人的营养需求难以纯粹根据年龄整齐地划分。许多老年人身体健康且充满活力，而其他一些比他们年轻的人却有可能身体虚弱且需要额外的照顾。为了满足老年人的营养需求，他们应该进食丰富多样的食物。 【知识模块】 听写 3 【正确答案】 Bonds Bonds are debt owed by a government or a com
12、pany. / The holder of a bond is paid interest until the date when the bond matures. / Then the amount of the bond, its face value, is paid back. / Investors can buy a new bond and keep it until it matures. / Or they can buy and sell existing bonds. / The return on a bond is called the yield. / Yield
13、s and prices of existing bonds can change as investors trade them. / Yields fall when investors seek the security of bonds / and are willing to pay higher prices. / Yields increase as prices fall. / Higher yields raise the cost for individuals and businesses to borrow money. / Rising yields can also
14、 hurt stock prices. / When yields rise, investors often sell stocks in order to buy bonds. / If investors can get high yields holding low-risk bonds, / or simply keeping money in the bank, they will do it. / 【试题解析】 债券 债券是一种由政府或公司发行的债务凭证。债券持有者在债券到期时能收到利息，然后是返还的债券金额，也就是债券面值。投资者可以购买新债券并一直持有至到期日，也可在债券有效
15、期内买卖债券，以赚取差价。债券的回报称为收益。当投资者为寻求债券的安全性而愿意支付更高价格的时候，收益会降低。相反，价格下降时收益增加。 【知识模块】 听写 4 【正确答案】 Allowance Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. / The purpose is to let children learn from experience / at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly. / The amount of mo
16、ney that patents give to their children to spend differs from family to family. / Timing is another consideration. / Some children get a weekly allowance. / Others get a monthly allowance. / In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, / the child is expected to pay for with the money.
17、/ At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. / If they do this, they will learn the hard way / that spending must be done within a budget. / Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance. / The object is to show young people t
18、hat a budget demands choices between spending and saving. / Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs. / 【试题解析】 零花钱 零花钱的使用让小孩首次了解到金钱的价值。给孩子零花钱的目的是为了让孩子在金钱上犯错的代价不是太大的年龄下，学会如何理财。零花钱的多寡取决于各个家庭的实际经济状况。父母按周或按月给小孩零花钱。无论如何，父母都应该清楚小孩拿这些钱做什么去了。 【知识模块】 听写 5 【正确答案】 The American Dr
19、eam Each individual may define the American dream differently. / But the general idea is that a person in the United States / has the freedom to carry out his or her goals. / It usually means a person has the chance / to work hard, earn money and create a secure life. / For many people, this means b
20、eing able to get a good education, / have a good job and own a house. / The expression is often linked to immigrants / who have come to this country seeking more freedom or a better life / than they could have in their own countries. / Some people would say that the United States Declaration of Inde
21、pendence first defined the American dream. / It expressed why the American colonies decided to fight British colonial rule / in order to become an independent nation. / The Declaration of Independence states that all men are created equal, / and that they have the rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. / 【试题解析】 美国梦 每个人对美国梦都有不同的定义，但一般而言，美国梦是指一个在美国的人有实现自己目标的自由，通常意味着一个人有努力工作、挣钱并创造稳定生活的机会。对很多人来说，这意味着能接受良好的教育、有一份好的工作和拥有一套房子。美国梦这个词经常与移民联系在一起，他们来这个国家是为了寻求比在自己国家更大的自由度或更美好的生活。 【知识模块】 听写
