1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 104及答案与解析 SECTION B CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause
2、. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have thirty seconds to preview the questions. 1 According to the passage, when did Canadas baby boom begin? （ A） In the decade after 1911. （ B） After 1945. （ C） D
3、uring the depression of the 1930s. （ D） In 1966. 2 The authors mentions all the following as causes of declines in population growth after 1957 EXCEPT （ A） peoples staying at school longer. （ B） peoples getting married earlier. （ C） better standards of living. （ D） couples buying houses before start
4、ing families. 3 It can be inferred from the passage that before the Industrial Revolution （ A） families were larger. （ B） population statistics were unreliable. （ C） the population grew steadily. （ D） economic conditions were bad. 4 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） The increased use of private
5、 mail services. （ B） The development of a government postal system. （ C） A comparison of urban and rural postal services. （ D） The history of postage stamps. 5 Which of the following was seen as a disadvantage of the postage stamp? （ A） It had to be purchased by the sender in advance. （ B） It increa
6、sed the cost of mail delivery. （ C） It was difficult to affix to letters. （ D） It was easy to counterfeit. 6 The private postal services of the nineteenth century claimed that they could do which of the following better than the government? （ A） They could deliver more mails. （ B） They could deliver
7、 mail more cheaply. （ C） They could deliver mail faster. （ D） They could deliver mail to rural areas. 7 In 1863 the United States government began providing which of the following to mail carriers? （ A） A salary. （ B） Housing. （ C） Transportation. （ D） Free postage stamps. 8 The best statement of th
8、e main idea of this passage is that （ A） human brains differ considerably. （ B） the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence. （ C） environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligence. （ D） persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligenc
9、e. 9 According to the passage, the average I.Q. is （ A） 85. （ B） 100. （ C） 110 （ D） 125 10 This passage suggests that an individuals I.Q. （ A） can be predicted at birth. （ B） stays the same throughout his life. （ C） is determined by his childhood. （ D） can be increased by education. 11 Why did Susan
10、 and Michael interview children aged between 9 and 11? （ A） To find out whether they take music lessons in their spare time. （ B） To find out whether they can name four different musical instruments. （ C） To find out whether they enjoy playing musical instruments in school. （ D） To find out whether
11、they differ in their preference for musical instruments. 12 Why do many of the boys avoid certain instruments? （ A） They find them too hard to play. （ B） They think it silly to play them. （ C） They find it not challenging enough to play them. （ D） They consider it important to be different from girl
12、s. 13 Which group of children has a bias when choosing musical instruments? （ A） Children who have private music tutors. （ B） Children who are 8 or older. （ C） Children who are between 5 and 7. （ D） Children who are well-educated. 14 Why do most parents feel embarrassed when their children graduate
13、from high school? （ A） Because they cant afford their childrens college tuition. （ B） Because they cant offer their children emotional support. （ C） Because they cant look after their children. （ D） Because they cant give their children birthday gifts. 15 How does the United Negro College Fund make
14、students dream become true? （ A） By giving them part-time jobs. （ B） By opening an account for them. （ C） By providing them with a sum of money. （ D） By recommending a member college to them. 16 What else does the United Negro College Fund bring to the good students? （ A） Fame and benefit. （ B） Conf
15、idence and hope. （ C） Encouragement and determination. （ D） Hope and opportunity. 17 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） The United Negro College Funds is the oldest minority education support organization. （ B） More than 54,000 students have graduated from United Negro College Fund
16、 member colleges since 1944. （ C） Since its founding, the United Negro College Fund has raised more than $1.3 billion. （ D） The United Negro College Funds is a combination of 39 private, historically black member colleges and universities. 18 Todays trumpet is similar to its ancestors EXCEPT that （
17、A） they are all hollow tubes. （ B） they are all blown. （ C） they all use the players lips to produce the basic sound. （ D） they are all made by hand. 19 Which of the following can be inferred about the first trumpet players? （ A） They could not play all the notes of the scale. （ B） They were not abl
18、e to pick up the trumpet. （ C） They could not play simple tunes. （ D） They had difficulty improving upon the trumpet. 20 Which of the following is needed to make the trumpet work? （ A） Keen eyesight. （ B） Long fingers. （ C） Air pressure. （ D） Daily cleaning. 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 104答案与解析 SECTION B CONVERS
19、ATIONS In this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the fo
20、ur choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have thirty seconds to preview the questions. 1 【听力原文】 Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the countrys impressive population growth. For every three Canadia
21、ns in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canadas population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth came from natural increase. The depression of the 1930s and the war had held back marriages, and the catching-up process began after 1945. The baby boom continued th
22、rough the decade of the 1950s, producing a population increase of nearly fifteen percent in the five years from 1951 to 1956. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until 1966 it stood at its lowest level in 25 years. Partly this decline reflecte
23、d the low level of births during the depression and the war, but it was also caused by changes in Canadian society. Young people were staying at school longer; more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising living standards were cutt
24、ing down the size of families. It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution. 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 时间细节题。文中提到： 20世纪 30年代的经济衰退和战争抑制了婚姻，于是在 1945年之后开始了一个结婚的追赶过程。婴儿潮一直持
25、续到 50年代。故正确答案为 B。 【知识模块】 短文听力 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。文中提到：年轻人求学时间增长、出现更多的职业妇女、新婚夫妇在养育后代之前忙于买车或购房和减少家庭人口以提高生活水平是人口出生率下降的原因，没有提到的是 B。预读题干时，应注意 EXCEPT。 【知识模块】 短文听力 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 推断题。文中提到：小规模家庭的趋势在工业革命后的西方国家非常普遍。可见工业革命之前家庭规模更大一些，故正确答案为 A。 【知识模块】 短文听力 4 【听力原文】 In the early days of the United States, p
26、ostal charges were paid by the recipient and charges varied with the distance carried. In 1847 the United States Post Office Department adopted the idea of a postage stamp, which of course simplified the payment for postal service but caused grumbling by those who did not like to prepay. Besides, th
27、e stamp covered only delivery to the post office and did not include carrying it to a private address. In Philadelphia, for example, with a population of 150,000, people still had to go to the post office to get their mail. The confusion and congestion of individual citizens looking for their letter
28、s was itself enough to discourage the use of mail. It is no wonder that, during the years of these cumbersome arrangements, private letter-carrying and express businesses developed. Although their activities were only semi-legal, they thrived, and actually advertised that between Boston and Philadel
29、phia they were a half-day speedier than the government mail. The government postal service lost volume to private competition and was not able to handle efficiently even the business it had. Finally, in 1863, Congress provided that the mail carriers who delivered the mail from the post offices to pr
30、ivate addresses should receive a government salary, and that there should be no extra charge for that delivery. 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 主旨大意题。根据短文内容和文中关键词 United States Post Office Department(美国邮政部 )、 Congress(国会 )可断定正确答案为 B(政府邮政系统的发展 )。选项 A(私人邮递服务使用的增加 )、选项 C(城市和乡村邮政服务的对比 )、选项 D(邮票的历史 )只是原文提到的细节，不能代表全文主旨
31、。 【知识模块】 短文听力 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。文中提到：在 1847年，美国邮政部采纳了邮票的思想，但引起了不愿 提前支付邮资的人们的抱怨。故选项 A(它必须被发信人提前购买 )正确。 【知识模块】 短文听力 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。文中提到：尽管私人的信件投递和快递业务只是半合法的，但他们获得了成功，并宣传自己在波士顿和费城之间的邮递业务比政府快半天。故选项 C正确。 【知识模块】 短文听力 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。文中提到：最终在 1863年，国会提出：将信件从邮局分送到私人地址的邮递员应获得一份政府薪金，并且投递不应收取额
32、外的费用。故选项 A正确。选项 B、 C、 D短文未提及。 【知识模块】 短文听力 8 【听力原文】 There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individ
33、ual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual and the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop. The importance
34、of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be demonstrated by the case of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they wer
35、e placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intell
36、ectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and forty points higher than his identical brother. 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 主旨题。细听本文可获得如下信息：决
37、定人的智力高低有两个因素，分别是与生俱来的大脑和后天的成长环境。 相比之下，后者更为重要。读选项，只有 C符合题意，为正确答案。 【知识模块】 短文听力 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。在后来对双胞胎智商的测试中， Mark的智商为 125，比平均值和同胞兄弟分别高 25点和 40点，故推之平均智商为 100，答案为 B。 【知识模块】 短文听力 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理题。通过双胞胎实验证明，不同教育和成长环境下的孪生兄弟智力发展也不相同，良好的教育背景会促进智力的发展。因此可以判断 D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 短文 听力 11 【听力原文】 The pian
38、o and violin are girls instruments. Drums and trumpets are for boys. According to psychologists Susan Onco and Michael Balton, children have very clear ideas about which musical instruments they should play. They find that despite the best efforts of teachers, these ideas have changed very little ov
39、er the past decade. They interviewed 153 children aged between 9 and 11 from schools in Northwest England. They asked them to identify 4 musical instruments and then to say which they would like to play the most and which they would like the least to play. They also asked the children for their view
40、s on whether boys or girls should not play any of the 4 instruments. The piano and the violin were both ranked more favorably by girls than by boys, while boys prefer the drums and trumpets. There was broad agreement between boys and girls on which instruments each sex should play and the reasons va
41、ry. And while almost half of all boys said they avoid certain instruments because they were too difficult to play, only 15% of girls gave that as a reason. Earlier studies indicated that very young school children aged between 5 and 7 showed no bias in choosing musical instruments, but their tastes
42、became more clear between the ages of 8 and 10. One survey of 78 teachers suggested that after that age, both boys and girls began to restrict themselves to the so-called male or female instruments. 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。原文提到：他们要求孩子们说出四种乐器，并且说出最喜欢和最不喜欢弹奏其中的哪一种，可以判断出他们目的是看孩子们喜欢的乐器是否有差别，答案为 D。 【知识模块】
43、 短文听力 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。原文提到：几乎一半的男孩说他们不喜欢某些乐器是因为那些乐器太难弹奏，故选 A。 【知识模块】 短文听力 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。原文提到：但是到了 8到 10岁，这种兴趣就会比较分明，答案应是 B。 【知识模块】 短文听力 14 【听力原文】 Much of a parents job is to provide the gifts of caring, love, and emotional support to children. But one gift is beyond their reach: the
44、resources to meet the financial demands of college tuition. For more than 54 years, the United Negro College Fund has fulfilled the dreams of deserving students by closing the gap between the cost of college and what their parents can afford. More than 300,000 students have graduated from United Neg
45、ro College Fund member colleges since 1944 and 54,000 more are currently enrolled. The oldest and most successful minority higher education support organization, the United Negro College Fund is a combination of 39 private, historically black member colleges and universities. Since its founding, it
46、has raised more than $1.3 billion to keep the dream alive for needy families across the country. What is it that makes the United Negro College Fund so important to Americas families? As well as raising funds and giving technical support to member colleges and universities, it creates hope and oppor
47、tunity by providing financial assistance to deserving students. Consider the contributions of just a few of the distinguished graduates who have realized the benefits: civil rights activist Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; opera diva Leontyne Price; Olympic track star Edwin Moses; and filmmaker Spike Le
48、e. 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。原文提到：大多数黑人家庭感到窘迫的是无力支付子女上大学的费用，因此，答案 A正确。选项 B和选项 C分别是提供感情支持和抚养照顾，都是父母力所能及的义务，无所谓感到窘迫；选项 D是给子女生日礼物，文中未提及。 【知识模块】 短文听力 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。该题问 “如何帮助有潜力的学生实现梦想 ”。原文提到：黑人大学联合基金的重要性不仅在于筹集资金，对其成员院校提供技术支持，它还对具有潜力的美国学生提供经济资助，为他们的成功创造机会。因此，选项 C正确。 【知识模块】 短文听力 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推
49、断题。选项 A“名和利 ”， “名 ”不是联合基金的直接目的和结果，而必须通过联合基金的资助 (即 “利 ”)加上受惠者的天赋与努力才能取得。选项B“信心和希望 ”，文中有隐含而无明确表示。选项 C“鼓励和决心 ”，这也可以是一种暗含的成功要素，但相对于直接给他们提供的经济资助而言，另一好处便是为他们获得成功创造机会。因此，答案为选项 D“Hope and opportunity”。 【知识模块】 短文听力 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 数字细节题。原文提到：自 1944年以来，已有 30多万学生毕业于黑人大学联合基金的成员院校。现仍有 5 4万人就读于其成员院校。因此，选项B符合题意。预读题干时应该注意关键词 INCORRECT。 【知识模块】 短文听力 18 【听力原文】 Todays trumpet is one of the worlds oldest instruments. It is the result of many centuries of development. Although it looks nothing like its ancestors, there are many similarities. All trumpets
