1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 113及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 How we look and how we appear to others probably w
2、orries us more when we are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion. Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certai
3、n way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boys hair in the same way as h
4、e used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull. What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenie
5、nce or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American h
6、at industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example. There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter until the miniskirt was in f
7、ashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again. Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fas
8、hion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy“ look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions of the top fashion houses. At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an in
9、terview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you dont look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and youll see
10、 that no one else does either! 1 The author thinks that people are _. （ A） satisfied with their appearance （ B） concerned about appearance in old age （ C） far from neglecting what is in fashion （ D） reluctant to follow the trends in fashion 2 Present-day society is much freer and easier because it e
11、mphasizes _. （ A） uniformity （ B） formality （ C） informality （ D） individuality 3 Which is the main idea of the last paragraph? （ A） Care about appearance in formal situations. （ B） Fashion in formal and informal situations. （ C） Ignoring appearance in informal situations. （ D） Ignoring appearance i
12、n all situations. 3 Massive changes in all of the worlds deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether its one of Londons parks full of people playing Softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain,
13、the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture. That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, B
14、elgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders. The people who really matter welcome me shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worl
15、dwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just mat. This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen becaus
16、e of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Coca Cola or Budweiser as well. The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the
17、 number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Superbowl are already astronomical. With seats at US $125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine how
18、 much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching. So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture m
19、ore advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action. Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and
20、higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a “World Title“ fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in different countries around the world! 4 Which of the following is NOT related to
21、the massive changes? （ A） Good economic returns. （ B） Revival of sports. （ C） Communications technology. （ D） Marketing strategies. 5 What is the authors attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters? （ A） Favourable. （ B） Unclear. （ C） Reserved. （ D） Critical.
22、 6 People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because_. （ A） they become more professional than ever （ B） they regard sports as consumer goods （ C） there exist few world-class championships （ D） sports events are exciting and stimulating 6 Television can be a wonderful learning tool.
23、 Thirty-odd years ago, “Sesame Street,“ “The Electric Company“ and “Mr. Rogers Neighbourhood“ helped my sons learn to read, count, socialize and cope with feelings. Nature programs on public television taught them an enormous respect for the world at large and the creatures within it. Not until the
24、boys were old enough to understand how commercials tried to promote consumption were they allowed to watch sports programs on commercial television. The basic motto of the household was, “When its light out, youre out“ that is, playing outdoors. With little TV, they were two lean, strong, athletic c
25、hildren who grew up in a home without junk food, did not pester their parents to buy things they saw advertised, never smoked or drank alcohol and knew more about wildlife than the leader of a trip to Kenya. Unfortunately, our experience with television is rarely duplicated these days. Sitting passi
26、vely in front of the tube for hours is taking its toll on the bodies and minds of the nations children. Studies have documented unhealthy effects on weight, attention span, reading skills and socialization among children who spend hours a day watching television or playing video games. The average y
27、oung child in this country watches about four hours of television a day and each year sees tens of thousands of commercials, often for high-fat, high-sugar or high-salt snacks and foods; thousands of episodes of violence; and countless instances of alcohol use and inappropriate sexual activity. By t
28、he time American children finish high school, they have spent nearly twice as many hours in front of the television set as in the classroom. 7 Which statement is CORRECT according to the passage? （ A） In the past TV programs had positive effects on childrens socialization. （ B） The author hasnt many
29、 likes or dislikes of TV itself. （ C） Now the authors attitude towards TV is worried. （ D） TV stations should be responsible for childrens troubled condition. 8 In the fourth paragraph, “taking its toll“ means _. （ A） enhancing its influence （ B） pouring out （ C） causing harm or suffering （ D） knock
30、ing the alarm bell 8 Every year thousands of people are arrested and taken to court for shop-lifting. In Britain alone, about HK$3,000,000s worth of goods are stolen from shops every week. This amounts to something like HK$150 million a year, and represents about 4 per cent of the shops total stock.
31、 As a result of this “shrinkage“ as the shops call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices. Shop-lifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateurs, and the people who just cant help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the
32、 store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, two-way mirrors and various other technological devices, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a
33、small percentage of the total losses due to shop-lifting. The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts. The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temp
34、tation and is in all other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of shop-lifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless
35、others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When caught, all are liable to prosecution, and the decision whether to send for the police or not is in the hands of the store manager. In order to prevent the quite incredible g
36、rowth in shop-lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority
37、being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the other 999,999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays
38、. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans! 9 Which of the following statements is NOT true about the main types of shop-lifting? （ A） A big percentage of the total losses a
39、re caused by the professionals. （ B） The deliberate amateurs will be punished severely if they get caught. （ C） People would expect that those who cant help themselves are poor. （ D） The professionals dont cause a lot of trouble to the store detectives. 10 The aircraft hijack situation is used in or
40、der to show that _. （ A） the professionals do not pose much of a problem for the stores （ B） some people “simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops“ （ C） the honest public has to pay higher prices （ D） the third type of shop-lifters are dangerous people 二、 SECTION B In this section ther
41、e are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 11 What do fashion magazines and TV ads link fashion to? 12 What makes the globalization of sporting culture possible? 13 When does “when its light out“ refer
42、 to in the second paragraph? 14 Who have to make up for the shops loss from shoplifting? 15 Who determines whether those who forget to pay should be punished by law? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 113答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each qu
43、estion, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据文章第 1段可知，我们当中几乎没有人有胆量忽视时尚潮流，这和 C的意义相符，故为答案。根据文章第 1段第 1句可得知，青少年和 20多岁的年轻人最注重外表，由此可排除 B；根据第 1段第 2句可得知，很少有人愿意接受自己本来的样子，也很少有人能够勇敢到无视时尚潮流，由此可排除 A、 D。 【知识模块】 阅读 2
44、【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据第 5段的第 2句， “在合理的范围内，你可以穿你想穿的衣服，按你喜欢的方式做发型 ”，这正是强调个性的 表现，所以 D符合题意。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 最后一段的主题句应为第 1句，即在某些场合仍应注意着装。从其后所举的两个例子 (而试以及拜访著名学者 )来看，作者在这里所说的 “某些场合 ”指的是正式场合，所以 A为正确选择。 B项说 “正式场合和非正式场合的时尚 ”，本段并不侧重 “时尚 ”如何，故不对。 C、 D容易排除。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据第 3段的第
45、2句可知，一些跨国公司希望从中获得更多的利润回报 ，由此可排除 A；根据第 4段的第 1句，通讯科技使运动全球化成为可能，而商业营销方面的考虑则促使其发生，由此可排除 C、 D。 B在文中根本没有提及，符合题意，为正确选项。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 第 6段的最后一句中，作者在评价把足球比赛由两个 45分钟的半场改为 4节每节 25分钟的比赛的建议时用了 unashamedly(无耻地 )一词，并指出这种想法完全无视足球运动的精华所在，即流畅性、完整性，批评的口气显而易见，所以 D为正确选项。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确 答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据最后一
46、段的第 1句，随着体育项目的全球化发展，人们作为体育比赛的消费者也有了更多的选择，因此对体育比赛的水平也有了越来越高的要求。所以人们实际上是把体育比赛当成了消费品，花了钱就希望买到最好的商品， B符合文意，为正确选项。此题可能会误选为 D，但首先文章中并没有特别提到体育比赛的 “精彩和吸引人 ”与高水平比赛的关系，另外选项本身的提法也有一定问题，因为很明显不是所有的 spots events都很精彩、很吸引人，所以 D不正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 纵观全文，作者虽然为目前孩子看电视引起的负面影响担忧，但是，正如文章开头所述，电视本身可以是
47、很好的学习工具或途径。并且，作者强调了自己对孩子的要求与现在家长的态度形成对比。因此，可以判断，作者对电视本身并没有表现出任何好恶。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词组 taking its toll在此指 “对 产生危害 ”。其他三选项与 taking its toll词义不符。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章第 2段的最后一句说职业扒手给商店造成的损失并不大，与 A的意思相反，因此 A是错误的。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章最后一段中说到：在登机的 100万人中，仅仅因为一个乘客携
48、带了武器，其他的 99 9999万名乘客必须接受检查和拖延，这表明了诚实的公民不得不付出更高的代价。故 C为正确答案。注意文章最后一段在谈论了商店失窃为大众带来很多不便后紧跟的一句话 “It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form ”说明劫机和商店失窃有他们的共同点：让无辜的大众为犯错的少数 “买单 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answ
49、er the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 11 【正确答案】 Confidence 【试题解析】 根据第 2段的第 2句，时尚杂志和电视广告告诉人们，如果跟从时尚的指导，他们就能自信地与新朋友交往，自信地处理任何情形，可见，杂志和广告将时尚和 “自信 ”联系在一起。 【知识模块】 阅读 12 【正确答案】 Communications technology 【试题解析】 第 4段开头的 this和句子中间的 economicbased revolution指的部是 “体育全球化 ”这个现象，后面的 one made possible by communications technology表明 “体育全球化 ”得以成为可能，全因为 communications technology。要注意，本句末尾提到的 but made to happen because of marketing considerations是指市场策略的考虑使得体育文化全球化成真，但本题是问怎么才能使 “体育文化全球化 ”成为可能，这就不能回答 market
