1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 140及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 (1)This month shops in the UK will begin to phase
2、out traditional tungsten bulbs as part of a government plan to replace them completely by 2011 and save 5m tons of carbon emissions a year. However the current crop of low energy light bulbs are coming under criticism for causing skin complaints and migraines, releasing Mercury into the environment
3、on disposal and not being as energy efficient as new LED equivalents. (2)A typical low energy light bulb is said to contain between six and eight miligrammes of mercury. If one is smashed in a home the room should be vacated for at least 15 minutes, the bulb cleared wearing rubber gloves, put in a s
4、ealed plastic bag and taken to the local council for disposal. Unbroken bulbs can also be taken back to the retailer if the owner is a member of the Distributor Takeback Scheme. (3)Greenpeace has called for a public information campaign to advise people how to dispose of low energy light bulbs safel
5、y, arguing that “Rather than being worried about the mercury these light bulbs contain, the general public should be reassured that using them will actually reduce the amount of mercury overall in our atmosphere.“ (4)Further health concerns have come from the bulbs exacerbating of skin conditions in
6、 the estimated 100,000 people in the UK with photosensitive skin including suffers of lupus, Xeroderma Pigmentation, eczema and dermatitis. (5)There have also been claims that the bulbs cause migraines, affect ME suffers and increase the risk of seizures in people with epilepsy and a growing number
7、of charities including Spectrum and the British Association of Dermatologists are calling for exemptions to allow those affected to continue using traditional bulbs. (6)But perhaps the biggest threat to the traditional energy saving light bulb comes from a new type of Light Emitting Diode(LED)develo
8、ped by Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities. (7)LEDs use less power than energy efficient light bulbs currently available but have not historically been powerful enough to be cheaply produced for the mass market. The Scottish scientists have overcome this by decreasing the costs and increasing the s
9、peed of Nano-imprint lithography, the process of putting microscopic holes in the LEDs to make them brighter, and suitable for home use. (8)Dr. Faiz Rahman, who is leading the project, said: “This means the days of the humble light bulbs could soon be over.“ 1 Greenpeace appears to be _ the use of l
10、ow energy light bulbs. （ A） hopeful about （ B） irritated with （ C） supportive about （ D） dissatisfied with 2 The British Association of Dermatologists may acknowledge that the low energy light bulbs_. （ A） are not as effective as traditional light bulbs （ B） produce negative influences on our body （
11、 C） should not be marketed to a large scale （ D） should not be imposed on patients 2 (1)Ricci, 45, is now striking out on perhaps his boldest venture yet. He plans to market an English-language edition of his elegant monthly magazine, FMR, in the United States. Once again the skeptics are murmuring
12、that the successful Ricci has headed for a big fall. And once again Ricci intends to prove them wrong. (2)Ricci is so confident that he has christened his quest “Operation Columbus“ and has set his sights on discovering an American readership of 300,000. That goal may not be too far-fetched. The Ita
13、lian edition of FMRthe initials, of course, stand for Franco Maria Ricciis only 18 months old. But it is already the second largest art magazine in the world, with a circulation of 65,000 and a profit margin of US$500,000. The American edition will be patterned after the Italian version, with each 1
14、60-page issue carrying only 40 pages of ads and no more than five articles. But the contents will often differ. The English-language edition will include more American works, Ricci says, to help Americans get over “an inferiority complex about their art.“ He also hopes that the magazine will become
15、a vehicle for a two-way cultural exchangewhat he likes to think of as a marriage of brains, culture and taste from both sides of the Atlantic. (3)To realize this vision, Ricci is mounting one of the most lavish, enterprisingand expensive promotional campaigns in magazine-publishing history. Between
16、November and January, eight jumbo jets will fly 8 million copies of a sample 16-page edition of FMR across the Atlantic. From a warehouse in Michigan, 6.5 million copies will be mailed to American subscribers of various cultural, art and business magazines. Some of the remaining copies will circulat
17、e as a special Sunday supplement in the New York Times. The cost of launching Operation Columbus is a staggering US$5 million, but Ricci is hoping that 60% of the price tag will be financed by Italian corporation. “To land in America Columbus had to use Spanish sponsor,“ reads one sentence in his pr
18、omotional pamphlet. “We would like Italians.“ (4)Like Columbus, Ricci cannot know what his reception will be on foreign shores. In Italy he gambled and wonon a simple concept: it is more important to show art than to write about. Hence, one issue of FMR might feature 32 full-color pages of 17th-cent
19、ury tapestries, followed by 14 pages of outrageous eyeglasses. He is gambling that the concept is exportable. 3 Naming his quest “Operation Columbus“, Ricci is confident that_. （ A） he will be as influential as Columbus （ B） he will open up the American market （ C） the Americans will associate his m
20、agazine with adventurous pioneers （ D） his magazine will be as memorable as Columbus discovery of America 4 What is the main content of Riccis magazine FMR? （ A） Articles on culture, art and business. （ B） Articles and pictures about fashion. （ C） Pictures of works of art. （ D） Pictures of trendy it
21、ems. 5 Ricci tries to persuade the Italian corporations to help by _. （ A） including them in Operation Columbus （ B） showing them the staggering price tag （ C） comparing them to the Spanish sponsor （ D） arousing passionate patriotism in them 5 (1)According to historical evidence, the Chinese have us
22、ed chopsticks since the time of the Shang Dynasty(ca 1766-1066 BCE). The first sticks used as eating utensils were twigs that the hungriest eaters used to scoop food into their mouths. This invention obviously brought added convenience to eating as the sticks made it easier to handle steaming hot fo
23、od. The same ingenious idea was undoubtedly conceived in other parts of the world as well, but evidence shows that elsewhere spoon-like utensils eventually achieved greater popularity at the expense of chopsticks. (2)The reason why chopsticks became a fixture of the Chinese table setting may be the
24、fact that local food is often chopped up into small pieces and only rapidly heated, which makes it especially suitable for chopsticks. Another more philosophical explanation for the development is that the revered philosopher and vegetarian Kong Zi, or Confucius, would have had antipathies towards h
25、andling knives at the dinner table. He considered using knives to tear at food to be a show of barbarism. According to this theory then, the fact that chopsticks became the main eating utensils is evidence that civilized behavior gradually replaced a culture marked by brutish knife toting. Whatever
26、the truth may be, the use of chopsticks spread from China to Korea and Japan around the year 500. And the populations of these three nations have tightly held on to their chopsticks ever since. (3)Chopsticks are mainly made out of wood or bamboo, but some are also made from jade, ivory, silver, stee
27、l and nowadays even plastic. Sticks made from bamboo have the advantage of being cheap and their surface is naturally slightly coarse, which makes it easier to balance food on them. On the other hand, these materials tend to warp and break quite easily in use, which makes a strong case for favoring
28、chopsticks made of metal, except for the fact that they are very slippery and tend to clank against the teeth quite annoyingly. (4)Legend has it that Chinese emperors used to prefer silver chopsticks because the material reacted to poisons that assassins put in food by turning black. (5)Food etiquet
29、te in China is significantly more tolerant than in Japan or Korea. The Chinese consider it to be completely polite to raise a bowl to ones lips, at least in ones home, and scoop food over the rim into the mouth with the help of chopsticks. The Chinese prefer to cook their rice quite sticky, so it is
30、 not as difficult as one might think to eat it with chopsticks. Noodle soup is also another delicacy that is eaten, true to Chinese style, quite flexibly but noisily with chopsticks. The only absolute taboo regarding chopsticks is that they should never be left to stand in the middle of a heap of ri
31、ce in a bowl as this evokes food offerings and incense sticks. (6)Disposable chopsticks were invented at the end of the 19th century, and they soon became a hit product throughout Asia. Today, the fad for using disposable chopsticks has become a significant environmental problem, as about 45 billion
32、 pairs of them are used annually in China alone. Producing such a huge amount of chopsticks requires 1.7 million cubic meters of wood. Last year, the central government added a five percent tax to disposable chopsticks to help curb waste. 6 According to Confucius,_people should use chopsticks instea
33、d of knives. （ A） philosophical （ B） vegetarian （ C） cultivated （ D） graceful 7 What is true about the comparison between bamboo chopsticks and metal ones? （ A） Metal chopsticks are more durable than bamboo ones. （ B） Metal chopsticks appear more delicate than bamboo ones. （ C） Metal chopsticks caus
34、e more annoyance than bamboo ones. （ D） Metal chopsticks are more convenient in use than bamboo ones. 8 What is the literary form of this passage? （ A） Argumentation. （ B） Exposition. （ C） Description. （ D） Narration. 8 (1)Many parents are hard pressed to explain to their youth why some music, movie
35、s, books, and magazines are not acceptable material for them to bring into the home or to listen to or see. (2)One parent came up with an original idea that is hard to refute. The father listened to all the reasons his children gave for wanting to see a particular “R“ Rated movie. It had their favor
36、ite actors. Everyone else was seeing it. Even church members said it was great. It was only rated “R“ because of the suggestion of sex. They never really showed it. The language was pretty good. The Lords name was only used in vain three times in the whole movie. The teens did admit there was a scen
37、e where a building and a bunch of people were blown up, but the violence was just the normal stuff. It wasnt too bad. (3)Even if there were a few minor things, the special effects were fabulous and the plot was action packed. However, even with all the justifications the teens made for the “R“ ratin
38、g, the father still wouldnt give in. He didnt even give his children a satisfactory explanation for saying, “No.“ He just said, “No! “ (4)A little later on that evening the father asked his teens if they would like some brownies he had baked. He explained that hed taken the familys favorite recipe a
39、nd added a little something new. The children asked what it was. The father calmly replied that he had added dog poop. (5)However, he quickly assured them, it was only a little bit. All other ingredients were gourmet quality and he had taken great care to bake the brownies at the precise temperature
40、 for the exact time. He was sure the brownies would be superb. (6)Even with their fathers promise that the brownies were of almost perfect quality, the teens would not take any. The father acted surprised. After all, it was only one small part that was causing them to be so stubborn. He was certain
41、they would hardly notice it. Still the teens held firm and would not try the brownies. (7)The father then told his children how the movie they wanted to see was just like the brownies. Our minds are tricking us into believing that just a little bit of evil wont matter. But, the truth is even a littl
42、e bit of poop makes the difference between a great treat and something disgusting and totally unacceptable. The father went on to explain that even though the movie industry would have us believe that most of todays movies are acceptable fare for adults and youth, they are not. (8)Now when this fath
43、ers children want to do something or see something they should not, the father merely asks them if they would like some of his special brownies. and they never ask about that activity again. 9 Lords name should be used _ in a film. （ A） with reverence （ B） no more than three times （ C） to suggest gl
44、ory （ D） in direct relation to the theme 10 What did the father think about the brownies he made? （ A） Inedible. （ B） Acceptable. （ C） Distinctive. （ D） Appetizing. 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No mor
45、e than TEN words in the space provided. 10 PASSAGE ONE 11 For what have the traditional tungsten bulbs been criticized? 12 What will people use for lighting soon in the future, according to Dr. Faiz Rahman? 13 PASSAGE TWO 13 What does the author think of “that goal“ by saying “That goal may not be t
46、oo far-fetched.“(Para.2)? 14 PASSAGE THREE 14 What would the Japanese people think of scooping food over the rim of a bowl into ones mouth with the help of chopsticks? 15 PASSAGE FOUR 15 In the family mentioned in the passage, what do the special brownies mean to the children? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 140答案与解析
