1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 143及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 (1)The regular use of text messages and e-mails ca
2、n lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking marijuana. That is the claim of psychologists who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone or computer keypad or checking them for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off the users IQ. (2)This rate of decline in intelligence
3、compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have labeled the fleeting phenomenon of enhanced stupidity as “infomania“. (3)Research on sleep deprivation suggests that the IQ drop caused by electronic obsession is also eq
4、uivalent to a wakeful night. (4)Infomania is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men, the study commissioned by Hewlett Packard, the technology company, has concluded. (5)The noticeable drop in IQ is attributed to the constant distraction of “always on“ technology when employees should be
5、 concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand. (6)The brain also finds it hard to cope with juggling lots of tasks at once,
6、reducing its overall effectiveness, the report added. And while modern technology can have huge benefits, excessive use can be damaging not only to a persons mind, but to their social life. (7)Eighty volunteers took part in clinical trials on IQ deterioration and 1,100 adults were interviewed. More
7、than six in ten(62 per cent)of people polled admit that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately to an email and one in five(21 per cent)will inter
8、rupt a meeting to do so. (8)Furthermore, infomania is having a negative effect on work colleagues, increasing stress and dissenting feelings. Nine out of ten polled thought that colleagues who answered e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude. Yet one in three Britons be
9、lieves that it is not only acceptable, but actually diligent and efficient to do so. 1 To initiate the study, Hewlett Packards research is most probably about _. （ A） the relevance between ones IQ and his use of technology （ B） the influence of technology on ones decline in intelligence （ C） the dif
10、ferent damage to our brain done by technology and unhealthy habits （ D） the relationship between ones intelligence and his working effectiveness 2 Infomania employees are more ready to react to technology than the tasks in hand because _. （ A） the tasks cant be done without technology （ B） technolog
11、y is conveniently available （ C） the tasks are technologically diverse （ D） technology can help lessen work pressure 2 (1)Moderate drinking reduces stroke risk, study confirms. Similar to the way a drink or two a day protects against heart attacks, moderate alcohol consumption wards off strokes, a n
12、ew study found. (2)The study also found that the type of alcohol consumed beer, wine or liquor was unimportant. Any of them, or a combination, was protective, researchers reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association recently. “No study has shown benefit in recommending alcohol consump
13、tion to those who do not drink“, cautioned the authors, led by Dr. Ralph L. Sacco of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. But the hew data support the guidelines of the National Stroke Association, which say moderate drinkers may protect themselves from strokes by cont
14、inuing to consume alcohol, the authors said. (3)The protective effect of moderate drinking against heart attacks is well established, but the data has been conflicting about alcohol and strokes, the authors said. The new study helps settle the question and is the first to find blacks and Hispanics b
15、enefit as well as whites, according to the authors. Further research is needed among other groups, such as Asians, whose past studies suggest they may get no stroke protection from alcohol or may even be put at great risk. (4)Among groups where the protective effect exists, its mechanism appears to
16、differ from the protective effect against heart attacks, which occurs through boosts in levels of so-called “good“ cholesterol, the authors said. They speculated alcohol may protect against stroke by acting on some other blood trait, such as the tendency of blood platelets to accumulate, which is ke
17、y in forming the blood clots that can cause strokes. (5)The researchers studied 677 New York residents who lived in the northern part of Manhattan and had strokes between July 1, 1993 and July 1, 1997. After taking into account differences in other factors that could affect stroke risk, such as high
18、 blood pressure, the researchers estimated that subjects who consumed up to two alcoholic drinks daily were only half as likely to have suffered clot-type strokes as nondrinkers. Clot-type strokes account for 80 percent of all strokes, a leading cause of US deaths and disability. Stroke risk increas
19、ed with heavier drinking. At seven drinks per day, risk was almost triple that of moderate drinkers. 3 The principle of protecting oneself from strokes by consuming alcohol reasonably cannot be applied to _. （ A） heavy drinkers （ B） light drinkers （ C） mild drinkers （ D） non-drinkers 4 How does mode
20、rate alcohol consumption most probably protect us from strokes? （ A） By enhancing the level of the good cholesterol. （ B） By reducing the possibility of the blood platelets to deposit. （ C） By reducing the number of blood platelets and blood clots. （ D） By enhancing the quality of overall blood trai
21、ts. 4 (1)For any surfer, nothing beats the idea of just hanging out in a beach riding the waves all day. The thrill of riding giant breaks and staying there a minute or two is enough to thrill any surfer. Some surfers save money just to go to certain locations around the world to experience the wave
22、s they will cherish their whole life. Read on and well tell you where to go and whats the best place in the world to surf ever. (2)Lets start with the simplest. Cocoa Beach in Florida is one of the key surfing destinations in US. However, dont go there during summer as the waves could be unpredictab
23、le, and most of the time youll just end up sitting there for nothing at all. The good thing about this beach is that you can still enjoy the waters and the party mood especially in summer time. The best time to go this beach for surfing is from November to March, thats right: winter season. During t
24、hese months the Atlantic winds becomes stronger and the water responds perfectly! Expect to have waves that will reach up to 10 feet. The beach is perfect for beginners in the sport. (3)Of course we dont want to leave out the state that started it all: Hawaii. Specifically Oahu, Hawaii; which is the
25、 home to one of the biggest waves on earth. During winter months, the waves could reach up to 20 feet. During summer, the place is surprisingly calm. There are various beaches in Oahu that cover at least 20 miles of beautiful white sand shores. Among them perfect for surfing is Ehukai Beach and Waim
26、ea Beach which are paradise for most surfers as they try their skills to the dangerous waves of Hawaii. Its just a humble tribute to the islands that started this great sport. (4)Next is the unofficial place for surfing in USA. Calling itself Surf City, USA, Huntington is the home for many known sur
27、fers around the country and the world. People from all parts of the country visit this place just to enjoy the perpetual sun and waves in any given month. If youre still not sure about this place, just ask its 11 million annual visitors. (5)If Oahu is the surfers paradise, then this one should be th
28、e heaven. Tell any avid surfer about Jeffreys Bay in Southern Africa and they can tell many tales that go with the bay. 10-foot waves are a regular occurrence in this bay. Every July, all pros in the world congregate in this bay and enjoy the waves in the highly competitive Billabong Pro. Even thoug
29、h the waves are there all year long, its best that you go there from June till November. In these months the waves are consistent. During these months the waves are very predictable, making it the best place to surf. Watch out for the waves that you can ride for as long as three minutes. 5 Huntingto
30、n is called Surf City because _. （ A） it is an unofficial place for surfing （ B） a lot of visitors come here every year （ C） surfing is possible here throughout the year （ D） visitors can only enjoy sunshine and waves here 6 The author mentions “the waves that you can ride for as long as three minut
31、es“ at Jeffreys Bay in order to illustrate_. （ A） that such waves are only rare occurrences （ B） that such waves are best for competitions （ C） how dangerous the waves may become （ D） how consistent the waves may become 7 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? （ A） Cocoa
32、 Beach requires the least surfing skills while Jeffreys Bay requires the best. （ B） It is suggested that surfers should stay away from unpredictable waves. （ C） It is every surfers dream to visit all the places for surfing in the world. （ D） The passage is mainly intended for the average surfers. 7
33、(1)Now that its summer, the generation gap in the office is as obvious as the almost-bare feet flip-flopping down the hallway. Baby Boomer bosses, in their Hillary pantsuits, eye entry-level Millennials with bemusement at best and disdain at worst: Why the tight tops and skinny jeans? Twentysomethin
34、gs shrug off the scrutiny: It seems parents and bosses just dont understand. (2)Sallie Gaines represents the older generation. A senior vice-president in the Chicago office of public relations agency Hill & Knowlton, Gaines, 55, is no fashionista. “I am an old, fat, white woman,“ she announces. “I a
35、m not stylish.“ She wears dull-colored suits most days, tweed jackets on occasion, and on casual Fridays, she sports twin sets, Norm Thompson black jeans, and earth-tone flats. She tucks her light brown hair neatly behind her ears. (3)But if Gaines dresses without flash, she does it consciously. She
36、 says she came of age at a time when women wanted only to blend into male-dominated workplaces, not call attention to their femininity. She says her dress also conveys to clients and co-workers that she is a professional at work. Its no wonder then that she is unnerved by women who drift into work w
37、earing bright tops or fitted dress pants. Or that she is downright shocked when they wear even less, baring bellies, toes, or tattoos. “We banned flip-flops here two years ago,“ says Gaines. “I still cant believe we had to tell people not to wear them.“ (4)Like others in the younger generation, Anne
38、 Mahoney considers herself a hard worker who wants to be taken seriously. But she is also not afraid to bring a little sass to the workplace. A short, freckle-faced brunette who started as a junior account executive at Hill & Knowlton two years ago, Mahoney, 25, shows up for work most days in black
39、dress pants from Limited or Express, a bright, fitted shirt purple, teal blue, and kelly green are her favorites and heels. High ones, like her pair of three-inch orange Tommy Hilfigers. “Hopefully, older women see us as having more freedom in what we wear, and hopefully, they dont hold it against u
40、s,“ she says. (5)Gaines says Mahoneys generation never has had to worry about sexism in the workplace, so the women think nothing of wearing clothes that highlight their bodies. Mahoneys response? “I watch old Murphy Brown shows and see the big shoulder pads and the women dressing more masculine, an
41、d it is so off-putting. I dont think that kind of fashion proves anything today. It doesnt mean you are more serious. People feel more comfortable dressing in tune with their personalities.“ (6)As temperatures rise, Mahoney says shell ditch her black dress pants for short-sleeved cotton summer dress
42、es in sea green, with a Jones New York(JNY)white cardigan over the top. Its a good thing she mentioned the sweater. Gaines on bare arms: “Nope.“ Mahoney wont be wearing stockings, however. “I think that really is a generational thing,“ she says. “I would never wear nylons.“ Gaines will, even if she
43、hates them. “You dont want to flash skin.“ (7)“Im not saying join a nunnery or wear a burka,“ says Gaines, whose summer wardrobe is black or neutral-colored suits from Lands End, “but come on.“ 8 In the first paragraph, Baby Boomer bosses attitude toward the entry-level Millennials is _. （ A） unfavo
44、rable （ B） scornful （ C） irresponsible （ D） fashionable 9 According to Sallie Gaines, dress should have much to do with _. （ A） being casual and comfortable （ B） being formal and conventional （ C） blending masculinity into femininity （ D） revealing a womans professionalism 10 What kind of an image d
45、oes Anne Mahoney want to convey through her dress? （ A） Causal. （ B） Delightful. （ C） Interesting. （ D） Unrestricted. 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 10 PASS
46、AGE ONE 11 By saying that the infomania people “scrutinized work-related“ emails on holiday, what does the author imply? 12 How many disadvantages of overuse of technology are revealed in the passage? 13 PASSAGE TWO 13 What can alcohol do to blood platelets so as to reduce the risk of strokes? 14 PA
47、SSAGE THREE 14 Where did surfing originate? 15 PASSAGE FOUR 15 What does Gaines find it a must to wear in summer? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 143答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B
48、, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据题干中的 Hewlett Packard定位到第 4段。要正确回答本题，就要先正确理解问题。问题中的 to initiate the study应理解为： Hewlett Packard最开始要研究的主题是什么 ?总结前四段可知 Hewlett Packard公司的研究 “结果 ”可用 B来表述，这应该是在研究 “科技 ”与 “IQ”之间的关系时得出的结论。在开始研究的时候， Hewlett Packard并不知道
49、科技会导致 IQ下降。可见，在 A和 B之间， A为研究主 题，为本题答案，而 B是经过研究主题后所得的结论，不符合题意。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据题干中的 employees定位到第 5段。 B中的 conveniently available与第 5段第 1句中的 always on为同义改写：其他选项虽然在现实生活中都可能为真，但在本文中均未提及。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 答案依据在第 2段第 3句。第 1段和第 2段表明喝酒的人应有节制，但不喝酒的人也无需开 始喝酒，可见， “喝酒要有节制 ”这个原则只适用于有喝酒习惯的人身上 (不管他们喝酒的习惯如何，不管他们是 heavy drinkers，还是mild drinkers)，相反来说，这个原则与从来不喝酒的人无关，据此，本题应选D。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第 4段第 1句有 mechanism一词，表明本段可能讲述适度酒精能防止中风的机制。该段最后一句表明如果 blood platelets会沉淀堆积
