1、口译二级实务模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin.
2、1 The ongoing economic globalization and rapid advances of science and technology have generated unprecedented technological conditions for global economic and social development in the new century. In particular, the development of information and communications technologies has been making tremend
3、ous impact on our economic, social and cultural life. On the one hand, informationization presents valuable “digital opportunities“ for economic growth and social progress. On the other hand, it presents various challenges to us. Many countries are taking active measures to push the development of i
4、nformation technologies and the information industry in an effort to accelerate national informatization processes. However, the development of information industry worldwide is seriously unbalanced. The gap between the rich and the poor in enjoying the benefits of and utilizing information resource
5、s and information technologies is widening instead of narrowing, putting the developing countries in a more disadvantageous position. This will inevitably further aggravate the social and economic disparity between the North and the South. Narrowing and ultimately eliminating the “digital divide“ is
6、 a major issue to be addressed in the process of building the information society. Otherwise, we could not be able to attain the goal of sustainable, sound and coordinated development of the global information society. Weak information infrastructure has become a major reason for the gap between dev
7、eloping and developed countries and has seriously impaired the developing countries ability to build information society. Therefore, we shall put emphasis on exploring the strategic goals for developing countries to accelerate their information infrastructure build-out. These strategic goals may inc
8、lude: government macroeconomic control and market regulation policies, information regulation system in line with national conditions, sound relationship between technological development and market growth, avoiding market risks, innovative financing mechanisms for more financing channels, etc. In t
9、he future information society, knowledge and skills will be a major driver for economic growth and one of the major contributors to the sustainable development of the information industry. One of the main reasons for the gap between developing and developed countries in information technologies is t
10、he lack of knowledge and human resources, which is a key issue to be considered in bridging the “digital divide“. So we shall consider establishing innovative mechanisms for human resources development and explore ways to improve human resources development on the basis of the existing training cent
11、ers and training resources as well as the Internet so as to enhance the awareness of information technology. Moreover, bridging the “digital divide“ requires joint efforts of all countries around the world. Developed countries in particular shall truly shoulder their responsibilities in helping the
12、developing countries accelerate their informatization processes and narrowing the “digital divide“. Concrete actions shall be taken, on the basis of the principles of mutually beneficial cooperation, to offer active assistance to developing countries in the form of financial support, technology tran
13、sfer and human resources training, etc. 2 I would like to thank you, Mr. President for your kind invitation and the University for its warm reception. It is my great honor to come here to attend the grand centennial anniversary celebration of your university. On behalf of all the guests from univers
14、ities across the world, and also in my own name, I wish to extend our warmest congratulations to the President and faculty and students and wish your university become more prosperous day by day. In the 11th century, a university came into the world as a result of the development of human civilizati
15、on. Ten centuries later, we gather here in your university, to keep on pondering over our life and exploring the endless knowledge. Our universities form a great intellectual community around the world. Science has no nationality, knowledge belongs to everyone. Our universities create new knowledge.
16、 They teach this knowledge, together with that of other universities and also the best of the great storehouse of knowledge, which those who came before us have uncovered, tested and accumulated. All universities contribute to the prosperity and success of their country. They also conserve the cultu
17、re and inheritance specific to their countrys civilization. But they do more. Knowledge is secure only when it is hard won by the independent tests of accuracy, rational explanation and truth. So, when we teach our students skills, we also give them values. On the one side, these are values for pers
18、onal and civic conduct. On the other side, these values underscore the personal need for independent understanding which is the source of human creativity. These duties give universities a high responsibility. They are rooted in a great and fine tradition of honesty, free and fearless inquiry and in
19、dependence. Each university is a beacon of light in its own society and, by its association with its sisters, its knowledge and its values are widely spread. Over the past 100 years, your University is grounded in its educational philosophy of “extensive scholarship with unyielding dedication and ea
20、rnest inquiry with independent examination“, and has shaped an academic ideology of extracting the best and exploiting the greatest. As a result, the University has turned out, class upon class, graduates with brilliant scholarship and lofty aspiration, many of whom have become great leaders in Chin
21、a. A tradition is not built easily or quickly. During 100 years, your University has been fashioning your tradition. Present and future members of your university! We hope to see you elaborate and consolidate your tradition. We hope to see you become a keystone of the intellectual community. In your
22、 next century, we hope to see you contribute to the international academic movement as a whole, as more and more of your members come to participate in the activities of your sister universities. Currently, China is in a period of social transition marked with astonishing progress and change. The pr
23、ofundity and significance of this transition is unprecedented. A university is so termed, because it serves not only as a propeller of economic and social progress, but also a ferry and bridge for academic transmission and a cradle of thoughts. As a prestigious university with a century-long academi
24、c tradition and intellectual esteem, your University is destined to shoulder weighty responsibilities on its long journey ahead. And again I would like to express my genuine congratulations and best wishes! May our friendship flourish with the days! 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points,
25、30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 女士们、先生们： 我非常高兴能利用英中贸协年会的机会向英国工商界朋友们致以诚挚的问候。多年来，英中贸协一直关心和支持中英关系发展，是堪称
26、两国友好交流的桥梁和互利合作的纽带。在此，我谨对英中贸协及诸位长期为促进中英经贸合作所做的不懈努力和杰出贡献表示感谢，对此次大会的召开表示热烈的祝贺。 十六大以来，我们继续坚持以经济建设为中心，坚持改革开放，各项工作都有条不紊地向前推进。但是，突如其来在中国一些地方发生了 “非典 ”疫情。这是一种尚未被人 类全面认识的新型传染病，要有效控制并消除疫情需要有一个过程。 中国政府是负责任的政府，始终把人民的身体健康和生命安全放在第一位。我们采取了果断措施，完善应急机制和社会救助机制，依靠科学，依靠群众在全国开展了一场预防 “非典 ”的攻坚战。尽管任务非常艰巨，但我们有决心打赢这一仗。 中国人民抗击
27、 “非典 ”的斗争赢得了国际社会的广泛同情和支持。不久前，英政府决定向中国提供 500万美元的援助，体现了英国人民对中国人民的深情厚谊。中国有句老话， “患难见真情 ”，英方的友好举措博得了中国人民的高度评价与赞赏。 英国医疗科技发达，研发实力雄厚，在传染病的防治等方面积累了不少有益经验，我们愿学习借鉴并开展合作。中华民族是在逆境中自强奋斗的民族，中国政府是勇于面对困难的政府。我们深信，中国人民在国际社会的支持下，经过不懈努力，一定能够驱散疫病的阴霾，迎来更大的繁荣和发展。 4 1986年全国人大常委会副委员长班禅喇嘛在西康地区大法会上教诲信徒们，要爱惜民族团结，维护祖国统一。 在中国，公民的
28、信仰自由受到法律保护。目前全西藏在寺僧尼约有 14,000多人，另有 800位宗教界人士在各级人大、政协、 佛教协会和政府部门中工作。 据不完全统计，从 1978年以来，中央和地方政府共投资 2,000多万元人民币，在西藏修复了 200多座寺庙和 700多所佛堂，使藏族同胞的正常宗教活动得到保证。 藏族是一个历史悠久，文化发达的民族。作为一个全民信教的民族，藏族的文化又总是与宗教保持着千丝万缕的联系。宗教活动中有艺术形式，艺术活动中有宗教因素，两者谁也离不开谁。 口译二级实务模拟试卷 13答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 point
29、s, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【正确答案】 当前经济全球化不断发展 ，科学技术突飞猛进，为新世纪全球经济和社会发展提供了前所未有的技术条件。尤其是信息通信技术的
30、发展，深刻地改变着人们的经济社会和文化生活方式。 一方面，信息化为经济发展和社会进步提供了难得的数字机遇，而另一方面它也给我们带来了各种挑战。世界各国都在积极采取措施，大力发展信息通信技术和信息产业，努力推进国家信息化进程。 然而，世界范围内信息工业发展极不平衡，贫富国家享有和利用信息资源和技术的差距不是在缩小，而是在扩大，广大发展中国家处于更加不利的地位，这必然导致南北贫富差距进一步拉大。 如何缩小直至消除数字鸿沟，是建设信息社会过程中亟需解决的重大问题。否则，我们就无法在全球范围内实现信息社会持续、健康和协调发展的目标。 信息基础设施薄弱已成为广大发展中网家落后于发达国家的一个重要因素，严
31、重影响了这些国家建设信息社会的能力。因此，我们应高度重视研究发展中国家加快信息基础设施建设的战略目标。 这些战略目标包括：制订政府宏观调控与市场管制政策，建立符合本国国情的信息管制体系，处理好技术与市场的关系，规避市场风险，建立创新的融资机制，实现资金的多元投入等。 在未来信息社会中 ，知识和技能是促进经济发展的主要驱动力，是信息产业实现可持续发展的重要因素之一。发展中国家在信息技术方面落后于发达国家的主要原因之一是其知识和人才的短缺，也是解决数字鸿沟应考虑的一个重点环节。 因此我们应考虑建立人力资源开发创新机制，探讨如何通过现有的培训基地和培训资源以及互联网，改善人力资源开发工作，提高人们对
32、信息通信技术的认识。 消除数字鸿沟需要世界各国共同努力。特别是发达国家，应切实负起责任，帮助发展中国家加快信息化进程，缩小数字鸿沟。 (发达国家 )应在互利合作的基础上采取实际 行动，在资金支持、技术转让、人才培训等方面积极帮助发展中国家。 【试题解析】 本文是一篇关于全球经济发展，尤其是信息产业发展方面的讲话。文中介绍了信息化既带来了机遇，也带来了发展中国家和发达国家之间的数字鸿沟的严峻挑战，并分析了其中的原因，指出了具体的应对措施。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的世界经济知识，尤其是信息产业的常识，了解与之相关的专门词汇和表达方式，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需
33、要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握两种语言 各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 -基本素质采分点 以下单词或短语是本文所要考查的基础知识点，涉及相关知识领域的专有名词和一些惯用表达法，是应试者理解和翻译的基础。 1 information and communications technologies 信息通信技术 2 informationization 信息化 3 the rich and the poor 贫富 4 the North and the South 南北 5 t
34、he developing and developed countries 发展中国家与发达国家 -结构理解采分点 下面是本文中出现的长难句，要求应试者在听的过程中迅速理解并分析出句子所包含的意群之间的逻辑关系，尊重目的语特点，将原文转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转 换的过程中，应试者需要完成诸如语序调整、词类转换、语态转换等翻译过程。 1 Many countries are taking active measures to push the development of information technologies and the information industry in a
35、n effort to accelerate national informatization processes. 原句是一个简单句，句子内部结构层次清楚，主干是 “countries are taking measures”，其他部分如 “to push.”和 “in an effort to accelerate.”都是状语成分。翻译时，要充分考虑汉语的特点，可以直接用逗号将这些状语结构与主句分开即可，无需任何连接成分。 2 The gap between the rich and the poor in enjoying the benefits of and utilizing in
36、formation resources and information technologies is widening instead of narrowing, putting the developing countries in a more disadvantageous position. 原句的主干是 “the gap is widening”，其他成分都是辅助的修饰补充成分。听的时候要分辨出句子的主干，并把枝叶与主干的关系分析清楚。例如 “between . technologies”这一部分很长，但都是主语 “gap”的定语，其中又有 “in”引导的两个分词结构来修饰 “ga
37、p”；后面的 “putting. position”是一个现在分词结构，属于非谓语动词，作状语。翻译时，要按照汉语的习惯把名词修饰语都放到被修饰成分之前，去除英语中的连接成分，直接按照逻辑顺序将句子成分罗列开来即可。 3 Weak information infrastructure has become a major reason for the gap between developing and developed countries and has seriously impaired the developing countries ability to build informa
38、tion society. 原句是包含两个并列谓语的简单句。主语是 “infrastructure”，两个并列谓语是“has become”和 “has impaired”。这个句子的主要结构需要在听的过程中分清楚，在翻译时把相关的细节添加上就可以了。本句可以顺译，碰到名词的修饰语时应当按照汉语的习惯将其提到被修饰语之前。 4 One of the main reasons for the gap between developing and developed countries in information technologies is the lack of knowledge and
39、 human resources, which is a key issue to be considered in bridging the “digital divide“. 原句是一个主从复合句，其中前半句是主句，后面由 “which”引导的是一个非限定性关系从句，修饰的先行词是 “the lack”。另外，有 些名词都有较长的后置修饰成分，在听的过程中，应当把这些定语分析清楚。翻译时，可以将英语的静态转换成汉语的动态，比如把 “the gap between developing and developed countries”，翻译成 “发展中国家落后于发达国家 ”。另外，按照目的语
40、的特点，后置修饰成分最好提到所修饰成分的前面。 5 Concrete actions shall be taken, on the basis of the principles of mutually beneficial cooperation, to offer active assistance to developing countries in the form of financial support, technology transfer and human resources training, etc. 原句的主干是 “actions shall be taken”，是被
41、动语态；其他成分都是次要成分，包括由 “on”引导的介词短语作方式状语和由 “to”引导的目的状语。在听的过程中，译者要分清主次关系。翻译时，可以结 合上下文补出主句动作的执行者，将被动语态转换成主动语态。 -言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构和意思，还需要从微观上正确理解和运用一些重要词汇和表达法。 1 to make tremendous impact 深刻地改变 2 digital opportunities 数字机遇 3 take active measures to do sth. 积极采取措施 4 digital divide 数字鸿沟 5 sustainab
42、le, sound and coordinated development 持续、健康和协调发展 6 put emphasis on 高度重视 7 in line with national conditions 符合本国国情的 8 on the basis of 在 的基础上 9 shoulder their responsibilities in 负起责任 10 in the form of 在 方面 2 【正确答案】 感谢校长先生的盛情邀请和贵校的热情接待，能前来参加贵校宏 大的百年校庆，是我的荣幸。我谨代表来自各国诸大学所有的客人，也以我个人的名义，向校长先生、全体教员和同学表达我们最
43、为热烈的祝贺，祝愿贵校 “苟日新、又日新、日日新 !” 在 11世纪，由于人类文明的发展，大学产生了。十个世纪之后，我们在贵校相聚，继续思考我们的生活，继续探究无涯的知识。 我们这些大学在全世界形成一个很大的知识群体。科学无国籍；知识属于每一个人。我们这些大学创造新的知识。我们传授这些知识，传授其他大学所创造的新知识，传授先辈们所发现、验证和积累的伟大知识宝库中真知灼见。 所有 大学都在为本国的繁荣和成功添砖加瓦。它们也在为保护本国文明所特有的文化和遗产而贡献力量。但是，大学的作为不止于此。唯有付出艰辛，通过准确性、理性和真实性诸方面的独立验证后的知识，才是真知灼见。因此，当我们给学生传授技能
44、时，我们也是在给他们传授各种价值观。这些价值观指导个人行为和社会行为。另一方面，又强调个人的独立思考。独立思考是人类创造力的源泉。 大学的上述任务赋予大学高度的责任感。大学皆根植于由诚实的态度、自由无畏的探究和独立性三者构成的伟大的优良传统之中。每一所大学都是其所在社会里的一座灯塔；通 过和姊妹大学的联络，该大学所创造的知识和价值得以广泛传播。 一百年来，贵学以其 “博学而笃志，切问而近思 ”的治学态度铸造了取精用弘的学术思想，陶冶了一代又一代怀抱超旷的才隽学人，为国家培养了一大批栋梁之材。 传统不易树立，也不能在顷刻间树立。在过去的一百年里，贵校形成了自己的传统。贵校今天和将来的成员们 !在
45、你们的第二个百年中，我们希望看到你们的传统得以发展和巩固。我们希望看到你们成为知识界的一块拱顶石。在你们的第二个百年中，随着你们的成员越来越多地参与姊妹大学的活动，我们希望看到你们会对整个国 际学术运动作出贡献。 贵国正处于一个重大的社会转型时期，其转变之巨大，意义之深远，实前所未有。大学之为大学，除了要成为经济和社会发展的推进器，还要成为学术的津梁和思想的摇篮。贵校作为百年传承之名校，任重而道远。 再次向贵校表示衷心的祝贺和最良好的祝愿 !愿我们的友谊与日俱增 ! 【试题解析】 本文是一位外国友人在中国一所大学百年校庆上的讲话。文中首先表达了对该校百年校庆的祝贺；接着阐述了世界上大学的起源和
46、发展，介绍了大学的功能和和历史任务；然后，具体介绍了本校的历史和传统；最后，对 本校提出了美好的祝愿。 本文要求应试者应当掌握一定的教育和学术等方面的常识，了解相关的专门词汇和表达方式，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 -基本素质采分点 以下单词或短语是本文所要考查的基础知识点，涉及相关知识领域的专有名词和一些惯用表达法，是应试者理解和翻译的基 础。 1 Mr. Presid
47、ent 校长先生 2 faculty 全体教员 3 human civilization 人类文明 4 nationality 国籍 5 sister universities 姊妹大学 -结构理解采分点 下面是本文中出现的长难句，要求应试者在听的过程中迅速理解并分析出句子所包含的意群之间的逻辑关系，尊重目的语特点，将原文转换成通顺、地道的 目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者需要完成诸如语序调整、词类转换、语态转换等翻译过程。 1 They teach this knowledge, together with that of other universities and also the b
48、est of the great storehouse of knowledge, which those who came before us have uncovered, tested and accumulated. 原句的主干是 “they teach this knowledge”。该句还包括一个由 “together with”引导的介词结构作状语，一个由 “which”引导的非限定性关系从句，修饰“knowledge”，后者又包括一个由 “who”引导的限定性关系从句，修饰 “those”。在听的过程中，一定要理清各个成分之间的逻辑层次。翻译时，可以把信息按照意群断开，无需使用
49、太多连接词；非限定性关系从句可以当作一个并列分句存在，最好把限定性从句放到所修饰成分之前。 2 Knowledge is secure only when it is hard won by the independent tests of accuracy, rational explanation and truth. 原句是主从复合句，重点在于后面的以 “when”引导的时间状语从句。从意思上看， “when”前面加了 “only”，更像是一个条件状语从句。英语中这种状语从句可以放到主句之后，而汉语却倾向于将其放在主句之前。在翻译时，应对语序进行必要的调整；另外名词的修饰成分也应调整到所修饰语的前面。 3 Each university is a beacon of light in its own society
