1、同济大学考博英语模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Before turning to writing, I spent eight years as a lawyer_about how life would be with a prominent father blazing my trail. （ A） fantasizing （ B） fascinating （ C） facilitating （ D） finalizing 2 According to_across the relevant research community,
2、the published attack represents an extreme position in its demands for proof. （ A） soundings （ B） echoes （ C） sonar systems （ D） reflections 3 The floor of his study was occupied by a_mass of books and papers. （ A） callous （ B） hectic （ C） chaotic （ D） cute 4 Mary could invite her friends to the hou
3、se at her own _ if she told her mother in time. （ A） prudence （ B） discretion （ C） reaction （ D） exertion 5 The bright flowers and warm winds_that spring had come. （ A） threatened （ B） announced （ C） stated （ D） pronounced 6 The municipal planning commission said that their financial outlook for the
4、 next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax_. （ A） privileges （ B） efficiency （ C） revenues （ D） validity 7 He cut the string and held up the two _ to tie the box. （ A） segments （ B） sediments （ C） seizures （ D） secretes 8 All the music instruments in the orchestra will be _ before it start
5、s. （ A） civilized （ B） chattered （ C） chambered （ D） chorded 9 The need to see that justice is done _ every decision made in the courts. （ A） implants into （ B） imposes on （ C） impinges upon （ D） imprecates upon 10 The character armor consists of defensive character traits, like arrogance or apprehe
6、nsiveness, that developed in childhood to _ painful feelings. （ A） turn aside （ B） ward off （ C） bread up （ D） watch over 11 When asked if there were any circumstances under which they would declare war,he dismissed such questions as purely hypothetical. （ A） imaginary （ B） pessimistic （ C） inevitab
7、le （ D） ironical 12 He was in extreme state of distress and depression when he knew that he had_lung cancer. （ A） extracted （ B） contracted （ C） abstracted （ D） attracted 13 We finish this chapter by giving you examples of nutritious, well balanced easy meals. These are not at all original or _ but
8、are based on the ordinary things that most people tend to eat. （ A） exotic （ B） majestic （ C） weird （ D） provincial 14 The mountainous areas of the country are _ populated. （ A） infrequently （ B） sparsely （ C） slightly （ D） loosely 15 Although there are more female students at the college than male
9、students, the women seem to have a _ influence on the student government. （ A） tremendous （ B） negligible （ C） provocative （ D） venerable 16 This state research program is made up of two funds, _ could last for two years. （ A） the larger one （ B） the larger of which （ C） the largest one （ D） the lar
10、gest of which 17 Springtime displays of fruit blossoms in the Shenandoah Valley _ thousands of tourists each year. （ A） attract （ B） delight （ C） console （ D） inspire 18 _springs not out of true and deep admiration,but more often out of a self-seeking wish to identify with someone important or famou
11、s. （ A） A compliment （ B） An adulatory （ C） Flattery （ D） Praise 19 Research has produced many new _ that will be used in the manufacture of a variety of goods. （ A） hypotheses （ B） summaries （ C） synthetics （ D） emphasize 20 The book might well have _ had it been less expensive. （ A） worked out （ B
12、） gone through （ C） caught on （ D） fitted in 21 Can you imagine! He offered me $5000 to break my contract. Thats _. Of course I didnt agree. I would take legal action. （ A） fraud （ B） blackmail （ C） bribery （ D） compensation 22 Laura, who comes from a wealthy family, spends most of her time enjoying
13、 herself, but takes _ pains with her lessons. （ A） little （ B） few （ C） a little （ D） a few 23 He was _ when he heard the unexpected news, but I finally convinced him. （ A） incredible （ B） inevitable （ C） incredulous （ D） indifferent 24 It was an allusion to what the scientist thought was an inappro
14、priate distribution of funds for stem cell research. （ A） reference （ B） contradiction （ C） explanation （ D） rejection 25 Were _ by mosquitoes up here in the north in summer. （ A） infested （ B） infected （ C） swarmed （ D） plagued 26 No matter what he said to you, his manner showed an _ that he did no
15、t actually agree with the proposal. （ A） objection （ B） implication （ C） enlightenment （ D） approach 27 Helplessly she blinked up at him, feeling a slow lethargy creep through her whole body. （ A） provision （ B） cylinder （ C） contradiction （ D） exhaustion 28 Psychoanalysts tend to regard both_and ma
16、sochism as arising from childhood deprivation. （ A） attachment （ B） distinction （ C） ingenuity （ D） sadism 29 Though I had tried to explain it as clearly as possible, my explanation seemed not to_. （ A） get up （ B） get along （ C） get across （ D） get down 30 The false banknotes fooled many people, bu
17、t they did not_to close examination. （ A） put up （ B） keep up （ C） stand up （ D） look up 二、 Cloze 30 “Intercultural communication“ is communication【 51】 members of different cultures. This definition is simple,【 52】 the process is complex. Intercultural communication involves differing perceptions,
18、attitudes and interpretations. We know that even two people from the same【 53】 can have communication problems. People can unintentionally hurt each other by something they say or【 54】 . Isnt it logical, then, that communication problem can be【 55】 among people who do not have the benefit of shared
19、experiences (i. e. , language and culture) 9. Cultures do not communicate; individuals【 56】 . Everyone has a unique style of communication, but cultures determine a general style for their members. The【 57】 of individual to his culture is【 58】 to an actor and his director. The actor puts his own per
20、sonality into his acting but is nevertheless influenced by the director. We are not always aware of the subtle influences of our culture.【 59】 , we may not perceive that others are influenced by their cultures as well. Problems and misinterpretations do not result every time members from two culture
21、s communicate.【 60】 , when cultural conflicts do arise, they may be perceived【 61】personal rather than cultural. In the following example it is a【 62】 misunderstanding that creates negative feelings and confusion. A young woman from one culture is looking【 63】 of the window and sees a male acquainta
22、nce from another culture. He signals to her by puckering his lips . She quickly looks away from the window. Later she ignores him. He is confused and she is angry. The【 64】 was due to the womans failure to understand the mans nonverbal signal. In her culture, his gesture conveys a sexual advance. Ac
23、cording to his culture, he Was only saying (nonverbally) , “Oh there you are . Ive been looking for you.“ The womans misinterpretation resulted【 65】 her angry reaction and his【 66】 . If the two had known more【 67】 each others nonverbal cues, they could have【 68】 the cultural conflict. Some misunders
24、tandings are insignificant and can be easily【 69】 or remedied.【 70】conflicts are more serious in that they can cause misinterpretations and create persistent negative attitudes toward foreigners. 51 【 C3】 （ A） because of （ B） since （ C） because （ D） thanks to 51 An office is the “brain“ of a busines
25、s. In an office, figures, lists and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or factories. These figures guide the managers【 51】 telling them what has happened and what is happening. Information comes into an office in all sorts of【 5
26、2】 but the main items of information come in regularly. It is part of the job of the clerks to collect and classify that information and to put it into a form that is easily interpreted and understood. Offices collect information, then they【 53】 it. This work of collection is common in an office fro
27、m the sorting of mail every morning to the accountants work in finding【 54】 the final figure for years profit.【 55】 always requires the arrangement of the same kind of information, often into lists or columns. For this work, correctness, accuracy and speed, as in all office work, are essential. Ther
28、e is no value,【 56】 , in collecting the figures【 57】 mean nothing.【 58】 are guides which should help us【 59】 decisions. The interpretation of information and of tables should tell us where success or【 60】 lies, where profit can be had and where【 61】 occur. On this kind of information and from the kn
29、own figures, a choice is【 62】and a series of such choices may make a policy. A firm which has three factories may find,【 63】 . instance, from its figures, that one factory is losing money and a choice may lie between either a change of manager, a cut in production, an increase in production【 64】 clo
30、sure of the factory. Whichever one of these decisions is taken becomes the policy. It is clear【 65】 a decision leading to a policy can only be as good【 66】 the information【 67】 which it is based. Consequently there is a constant search【 68】 more and more exact information. Managers will want to have
31、 all the necessary facts【 69】 they can make the best decision and it is normal for【 70】 to seek for more and more information. 71 Increasing numbers of people have migrated from the countryside and moved into towns and cites over 【 B1】 _ . Most are in the Third World, where they are 【 B2】 _ accommod
32、ate because facilities are at their most inadequate and meager resources are most stretched. In spite of 【 B3】 _ living conditions, the vast numbers of people moving into cities constitute the biggest 【 B4】 _ ever. While governments can take action to improve the conditions of squatters, the real so
33、lution is to 【 B5】 _ the process of urbanization. But to do this governments need to change the ways in which they 【 B6】 _ their development funds on the urban areas. If their priorities 【 B7】 _ rural productivity could be increased and this would help develop the national economy. In the end, howev
34、er, the mini population also lacks the 【 B8】 _ that their urban countrymen can exert on governments. 72 【 B1】 _ 73 【 B2】 _ 74 【 B3】 _ 75 【 B4】 _ 76 【 B5】 _ 77 【 B6】 _ 78 【 B7】 _ 79 【 B8】 _ 79 position define forgetful fancy key balance importance unhealthy lack subject open plenty exposure alternate
35、 element state require poor advise indispensable Feeling stressed out lately? Has the doctor said he cannot find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital,but all the 1 equipment there show that there is nothing wrong. Then consider this, you might be in a 2 of subhealth. Subhealth.
36、also called the third state,is 3 as a borderline state between health and disease. According to an investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of subhealthy work in management 4 as well as students around exam-time. This may be due to their heightened 5 to stress. Symptoms inc
37、lude a 6 of energy,depression,slow reactions,insomnia,agitation and 7 memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath,sweating and aching in the waist and legs. According to some medical experts, the 8 to preventing and recovering from subhealth is to from good living habits. 9 work with rest,exe
38、rcise regularly,and take part in 10 air activities will all help. As for meals, people are 11 to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruits and fish because they are rich in nutritious 12 , such as vitamins,which are 13 to the body. Nutrition experts point out that i
39、t is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause 14 changes in the digestive tract. They also say that a 15 diet is very helpful in avoi-ding subhealth. 94 Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In the interval he does all he can to make a nois
40、e in the world, and there are few things 21 he stands in more fear than of the 22 of noise. Even his conversation is 23 a desperate attempt to prevent a dreadful silence. If he is introduced to a fellow mortal and a number of pauses occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worth
41、less person, and is full of 24 of the emptiest-headed chatterbox. He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means 25 the buzzing of a fly, but he longs to join in the buzz and to prove that he is man and not a wax-work figure. The object of conversation is not, 26 the most part, to com
42、municate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing sound. Most buzzing, 27 is agreeable to the ear, and some of it is agreeable even to the 28 . He would be a foolish man, however, who waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors. Those who despise the weather as a con
43、versational opening seem to be ignorant of the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are 29 if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other peoples ears though they have nothing to tell them
44、 except that they have seen a new play. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing at immense length, they justly 30 themselves on their success as conversationalists. （ A） of which （ B） in which （ C） with which （ D） by which （ A） presence （ B） abundance （ C） existence （ D） absence
45、 （ A） in great measure （ B） in brief （ C） all in all （ D） at least （ A） admiration （ B） envy （ C） amazement （ D） revenge （ A） more than （ B） no less than （ C） rather than （ D） no more than （ A） for （ B） in （ C） at （ D） on （ A） particularly （ B） unfortunately （ C） fortunately （ D） utterly （ A） mind （
46、 B） mentality （ C） intelligence （ D） wit （ A） disgusted （ B） content （ C） disgraced （ D） discouraged （ A） prey （ B） model （ C） respect （ D） pride 三、 Reading Comprehension 104 Suicide terrorism is the readiness to sacrifice ones life in the process of destroying or attempting to destroy a target to a
47、dvance a political goal. The aim of the psychologically and physically war-trained terrorist is to die while destroying the enemy target. In the 1980s suicide terrorism was witnessed in Lebanon, Kuwait and Sri Lanka. In the 1990s it had spread to Israel, India, Panama, Algeria, Pakistan, Argentina,
48、Croatia, Turkey, Tanzania and Kenya. With enhanced migration of terrorist groups from conflict-ridden countries, the formation of extensive international terrorist infrastructures and the increased reach of terrorist groups in the post Cold War period, suicide terrorism is likely to affect Western E
49、urope and North America in the foreseeable future. There are now 10 religious and secular terrorist groups that are capable of using suicide terrorism as a tactic against their governments and/or foreign governments. They are: the Islam Resistance Movement and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad of the Israeli occupied territories; Hizbull
