1、国家公共英语三级（个人情况与人们）练习试卷 5及答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 The period of adolescence, i. e. , the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social
2、 expectations and on societys definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolesce
3、nce is much longer and may include most of the second decade of ones life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the fron
4、tier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society. In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what const
5、itutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral cha
6、nges and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, rights privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from
7、 the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie t
8、ickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a drivers licens
9、e; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen they also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter in
10、to financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of ad
11、olescence. 1 The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because _. （ A） the definition of maturity has changed （ B） the industrialized society is more developed （ C） more education is provided and laws against child labor are made （ D） ceremonies for adolescence have lost their
12、 formal recognition and symbolic significance 2 Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to _. （ A） graduations from schools and colleges （ B） social recognition （ C） socio-economic status （ D） certain behavioral changes 3 No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood
13、 privileges until he is _. （ A） eleven years old （ B） sixteen years old （ C） twenty-one years old （ D） between twelve and twenty-one years old 4 Starting from , _. （ A） one will obtain more basic rights （ B） the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will have （ C） one wont get more basic right
14、s than when he is 21 （ D） one will enjoy more rights granted by society 5 According to the passage, it is true that _. （ A） in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed （ B） no one can marry without the permission of his parents
15、until the age of twenty-one （ C） one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a drivers license （ D） one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can join the army 5 Ever since humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Gene
16、rally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to resort to this
17、form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of indicating that the party is onl
18、y joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn and in
19、struct people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings. 6 Which of the following statements best summarizes this passage? （ A） When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication. （ B） Everyb
20、ody uses only one form of communication. （ C） Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners. （ D） Although other forms, apart from language, of communication exist, they are of little value. 7 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） There are many forms of communication in existence
21、 today. （ B） Language is the most common form of communication. （ C） Tourists are incapable of using an oral form of communication. （ D） Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by body language. 8 Which form other than oral speech could be most commonly used among blind people? （ A） Picture signs. （ B
22、） Braille. （ C） Body language. （ D） Signal flags. 9 Sign language is said to be very vivid and exact and can be used internationally except for _. （ A） Spelling （ B） Ideas （ C） Whole words （ D） Expressions 10 How many different forms of communication are mentioned here? （ A） 5. （ B） 7. （ C） 9. （ D）
23、3 国家公共英语三级（个人情况与人们）练习试卷 5答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第一段第二句中 “ while in industrial societies。 ones life”意为：而在工业社会中，受教育期延长并制定了反对童工的法律，因而青春期大大
24、延长并可能包括一生中 10 20岁的大部分时间。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第一段第二、三句指出，过去标志青春期的社会仪式已经被一系列的进程所代替，这些进程得到社会的广泛承认并表明了青年人的社会地位。从小学到大学构成了这一系列的进程。可见，选择项 A具体地说明了是什么代替了过去标志青春期的社会地位。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第二段倒数第四句 at the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult，从正面说明
25、了本题的正确答案应为 C。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 参阅第二段倒数第二句 No additional basic rights obtained，注意 enter into financial contracts签订财务合同。 be entitled to run for public office意为有权竞选公职。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 参阅第一段最后一句。句中原义为 “边境、边缘 ”，在本句中则指“青春期与成年期之间的分界线 ”，故应选 A。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 6
26、 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题的落点在第一段的第三句。当语言出现障碍时，人们采用身体语言进行交流。文章接着举例说明了这一观点。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 参考第一段第四句：旅游者、听不见或不能说话的人不得不采用这种表达方式。旅游者是不懂旅游地的语言，而不是听不见或不能讲话。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第三段第一句中的 a system of raised dots read with the fingertips是对 “布莱叶音字 ”的解释。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题所述内容参考第一段和第三段的最后一句。 【知识模块】 个 人情况与人们 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本文提到了九种交流方式： oral speech， sign language， spelling，body language， Braille， signal flags， Morse code， smoke signals， roadmaps和picture signs。 【知识模块】 个人情况与人们
