1、国家公共英语三级（天气与气候）练习试卷 9及答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 When it rains or snows, some of the water is reserved by the soil, some is absorbed by vegetation, some evaporates, and th
2、e remainder, which reaches stream channels, is called runoff(径流 ). Floods occur when soil and vegetation cannot absorb all the water; water then runs off the land in quantities that cannot be carried in stream channels or retained in natural ponds and constructed reservoirs. About 32 percent of all
3、precipitation (雨雪的降落 ) is runoff, and this amount may be increased by melting snow masses. Periodic floods occur naturally on many rivers, forming an area known as the floodplain (涝原 ). These fiver floods often result from heavy rain, sometimes combined with melting snow, which causes the rivers to
4、overflow their banks; a flood that rises and falls rapidly with little or no advance warning is called a flash flood (暴洪 ). Flash floods usually result from intense rainfall over a relatively small area. Coastal areas are occasionally flooded by unusually high tides induced by severe winds over ocea
5、n surfaces, or by tidal waves (海啸 ) caused by undersea earthquakes. Floods not only damage property and endanger the lives of humans and animals, but exert other effects as well. Rapid runoff causes soil erosion as well as sediment (沉淀物 ) deposition problems downstream(下游 ). Spawning(产卵 ) grounds fo
6、r fish and other wildlife habitat are often destroyed. High-velocity currents increase flood damage; prolonged high floods delay traffic and interfere with drainage and economic use of lands. Bridge abutments (桥台 ) , bank lines, sewer outfalls, and other structures within floodways are damaged, and
7、navigation and hydroelectric power are often impaired(侵害 ). Financial losses due to floods all over the world are commonly billions of dollars each year. The basic methods of flood control have been practiced since ancient times. These methods include reforestation (再造林 ) and the construction of lev
8、ees(防洪堤 ), dams, reservoirs, and floodways. 1 When it rains or snows, some of the water _ . （ A） is absorbed by the soil and vegetation （ B） turns into steam （ C） reaches stream channels （ D） all of the above 2 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） When snow is
9、 melting, the amount of runoff will become more. （ B） Many rivers are flooded periodically. （ C） Flash flood is usually caused by earthquakes. （ D） Floods also destroy the spawning grounds for fish. 3 Flood does harm to us because _ . （ A） it delays traffic and interferes with drainage （ B） in inter
10、feres with the economic use of lands （ C） it endangers our lives and property （ D） all of the above 4 To control floods, people usually _ . （ A） plant more trees and construct levees and reservoirs （ B） fill the ponds with rocks and stones （ C） damage the floodways （ D） get warnings in advance 5 It
11、can be inferred that _ . （ A） floods Will not lead to the financial losses in the world because floods fertilize the soil （ B） floods never occur in coastal areas （ C） flood plain resulted from severe winds over ocean surfaces （ D） environmental protection is very important Part B Directions: Read t
12、he text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 5 Charleson Then I make a commitment to keep talking even when it might not be comfortable in other words, to work at it. The will to talk is important to becom a better talker. I thi
13、nk one reason I ve had a certain amount of success in broadcasting is that the audience can see that. I love what I m doing. You can t fake that. And if you try, you will fail. Rew Careful listening makes you a better taller. Good follow-up questions are the mark of a good conversationalist. I find
14、this is always true. Actually, I have an important rule that I remind myself of every morning: nothing I say this day will teach me anything. So if I m going to learn, I have to do it by listening. Sapir The best conversationalists are capable of talking about issues and experiences beyond their own
15、 daily lives. You can expand your world through travel, but you can also do it without leaving your own back yard. The point is: people with backgrounds different from your own can help you and your thinking. Tate Anybody I ve ever talked to for more than a few minutes knows at least two things abou
16、t me: I m from Brooklyn, New York, and I m Chinese. That s because I m deeply proud of both. You should be as open and honest with your conversational partners as you d want them to be with you, willing to reveal what your background is and what your likes and dislikes are. Aza One of my cardinal ru
17、les of conversation is never to stay too serious too long. Similarly, a key quality I look for in a potential guest is a sense of humor, preferably self-deprecating. Frank Sinatra s never been afraid to make fun of himself I think the key to his storyand most appealing to the audience is that he so
18、obviously enjoys retelling this joke at his own expense. Now match each of the persons with the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. StatementsA Be the genuine you. B You don t have to be quotable. C Luck is the key. D Attitudes counts. E Keep it light.F Remember to take turn
19、s.G Broaden your horizons. 6 Charleson 7 Rew 8 Sapir 9 Tate 10 Aza 国 家公共英语三级（天气与气候）练习试卷 9答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 【知识模块】 天气与气候 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文中第一段开头第一句 “下雨或下雪的时候，有些水分被
20、土壤留住，有些被植被吸收，有些蒸发 散去，而剩下流入水道中的则称为径流 ”，说明 D项正确。 【知识模块】 天气与气候 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 C项意为 “暴洪通常是由于地震引起 ”。第一段倒数第 2句 “暴洪通常由一个相对较小区域内的强降水而形成。 ”所以选 C项。 【知识模块】 天气与气候 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 见文中第二段。 【知识模块】 天气与气候 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文中最后一句话有提及。 C项意为 “(人们通常 )破坏导洪渠 ”。 B、C、 D三项均为干扰项。 【知识模块】 天气与气候 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 A项意为 “洪水不
21、会导致经济损失，因为洪水使土壤变得肥沃 ”，与第二段倒数第 3句不相符；由第一段最后一句可知 B项不正确； C项为干扰项。 【知识模块】 天气与气候 Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 【知识模块】 天气与气候 6 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 天气与气候 7 【正确答案】 F 【知识模块】 天气与气候 8 【正确答案】 G 【知识模块】 天气与气候 9 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 天气与气候 10 【正确答案】 E 【知识模块】 天气与气候
