1、国家公共英语五级（阅读理解）练习试卷 3及答案与解析 Part C Directions: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games. Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once. 0 A = Buddhist Architecture B = Taoist Architecture C= Imperial Mauso
2、leum ArchitectureBuddhist Architecture Chinese Buddhist architecture consists of temple, pagoda and grotto. As the central structure of spreading Buddhism in China, the temple is where cenobites preceding their religious life. Since emperors of dynasties believed in Buddhism, temples erected like mu
3、shrooms, usually splendid like palaces, for many were built under imperial orders. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, there were more than 30,000 temples scattered in the country. Later as architectural techniques improved, glazed tiles, exquisite engravings and delicate paintings were applied in the cons
4、truction of temples, which came to be more magnificent and splendid. Chinese Buddhist architecture follows symmetric style strictly. Usually main buildings will be set on the central axis, facing the south. Annexe structures will be on the west and east flanks. Temple gate, Heavenly King Hall, the M
5、ain Hall and Sutra Library successively stands on the axis. Dorm, kitchen, dinning hall, storehouse and antechamber usually cluster on the right side while left side remains for the visitors. Pagoda is also the main integrating part of the Buddhist architecture, with varied styles and strong local f
6、lavors. Pagoda followed Buddhism into China around the first century, and developed into pavilion-like pagoda on which one can view scenery after immediate combination with traditional Chinese architecture. Another Buddhist architecture is grotto complex with its caves hewn on cliff walls, usually h
7、uge projects and with exquisite engravings. It came from India with Buddhism too and boomed during the Northern and Southern dynasty. Taoist Architecture Taoist architecture includes various structures according to different functions, categorized as palace for oblation and sacrifice, altar for pray
8、ing and offering, cubby for religious service, residence for Taoist abbes and garden for visitors. Taoist architecture applies two architectural styles traditional style and Bagua style. Most Taoist architectures resort to nature topography to build towers, pavilions, lobbies and other garden struct
9、ural units, decorated with murals, sculptures and steles to entertain people, fully interpreting Taoist philosophy of nature.Taoist architectural decoration reflects Taoist pursuit of luck and fulfillment, long lifespan, and evolution into the fairyland. Taoist architectural motifs are all meaningfu
10、l. Celestial bodies mean brightness shining everywhere while landscape and rocks immortality. Folding fan, fish, narcissus, bat and deer are used to imply beneficence, wealth, celestial being, fortune and official position, while pine and cypress stand for affection, tortoise for longevity, crane fo
11、r man of honor. There are many other symbols very traditional and Taoist decorations root deep in Chinese folk residential houses. Imperial Mausoleum ArchitectureImperial mausoleum architecture accounts for a major part in ancient Chinese architecture since they usually stand for the highest archite
12、ctural techniques of the time. Emperors would often force thousands of the nations, best architects to build these structures. They would withdraw millions, even billions from the exchequer to fund their tombs. These tombs were always magnificently deluxe and consisted of finest structures of the pe
13、riod. In vicissitude of the history, imperial mausoleums scattered around places which used to be capitals of different dynasties. These mausoleums were usually built against hills or mountains and facing plains. Most imperial mausoleums have broad ways called Shendao (the Sacred Way) at the entranc
14、e. Along both sides of the Shendao, there are stone sculptures of men and animals which guard the tombs. Other imperial structures were also built beside the tomb. Under huge hills of clay, splendid and superior structures were constructed with free facilities such as drainage systems. Dragon and ph
15、oenix, called Long and Feng in Chinese respectively, are totems of Chinese people. They were used to represent emperors and their consorts and were the main decorative patterns to be seen on various imperial structures. Palaces, columns, pathways and screen walls were all inscribed or carved or pain
16、ted with their images. 国家公共英语五级（阅读理解）练习试卷 3答案与解析 Part C Directions: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games. Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once. 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “Taoist Architect
17、ure”第一段第一句 “Taoist architecture includes various structures according to different functions” 说明不同的建筑形式取决于不同的建筑用途，因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “Imperial Mausoleum Architecture”第一段第一句话 “since they usually stand for the highest architectural techniques of the time ”因此答案为 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 理解 3 【正
18、确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “Imperial Mausoleum Architecture”最后一段倒数第二句话 “They were used to represent emperors and their consoas and were the main decorative patterns to be seen on various imperial structures ”该句中的 “They”指它前一句中的 “totems”，因此答案为 C。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Buddhist Architecture”第一段第三句 “Since e
19、mperors of dynasties believed in Buddhism， temples erected like mushrooms， usually splendid like palaces， for many were built underimperial orders ”历代的皇帝信仰佛教，许多寺庙都是根据皇帝的命令建造的，因此答 案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “Taoist Architecture”最后一段的第一句 “Taoist architectural decoration reflects Taoist pursui
20、t of luck and fulfillment, long lifespan, and evolution into the fairyland ”道教建筑 的装饰采用有关天国的物体来象征某些美好的愿望，因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确 答案】 C 【试题解析】 “Imperial Mausoleum Architecture”第一段的最后一句是 “Under huge hills of clay, splendid and superior structures were constructed with fine facilities such as drainag
21、e systems ”因此答案为 C。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Buddhist Architecture”最后一段 最后一句 “It came from India with Buddhism too and boomed during the Northern and Southern dynasty ”说明佛教的建筑形式之一 “grotto”源于印度，因此答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “Taoist Architecture”第二段第二句 “Most Taoist architectures resort
22、to nature topography to build towers， pavilions， lobbies and other garden structural units” ，因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Buddhist Architecture”第一段最后一句 “Later as architectural techniques improved, glazed tiles exquisite engravings and delicate paintings were applied” 表明答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Buddhist Architecture”第二段第四句是 “Temple gate， Heavenly King Hall， the Main Hall and Sutra Library successively stands on the axis ”因此答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解
