1、国家公共英语五级（阅读理解）练习试卷 6及答案与解析 Part C Directions: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games. Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once. 0 A=Passage One B=Passage Two C=Passage Three In which passage you wi
2、ll find .Passage One American and Chinese cultures are at polar opposites. An American hostess, complimented for her culinary skills, is likely to say, “Oh, Im so glad you liked it. I cooked it especially for you.“ Not so a Chinese host or hostess, who will instead apologize profusely for giving you
3、 “nothing“ even slightly edible and for not showing you enough honor by providing proper dishes. The Chinese take pride in “modesty“; the Americans in “straightforwardness“. That modesty has left many a Chinese hungry at an American table, for Chinese politeness calls for three refusals before one a
4、ccepts an offer, and the American hosts take a “no“ to mean “no“, whether its the first, second, or third time. Recently, a number of a delegation sent to China by a large American corporation complained to me about how the Chinese had asked them three times if they would be willing to modify some p
5、roposal, and each time the Americans had said “no“ clearly and definitely. My friend was incensed that the Chinese had not taken their word the first time. I recognized the problem immediately and wondered why the American had not studied up on cultural differences before coming to China. It would h
6、ave saved them a lot of perplexity and needless frustration in their negotiation. Once youve learned the signals and how to respond, life becomes infinitely easier. When guests come, I know I should immediately ask if theyd like a cup of tea. They will respond, “Please dont bother,“ which is my sign
7、al to fetch tea. Passage Two An Asian engineer is assigned to a US laboratory and almost suffers a nervous breakdown. A US executive tells his staff hes going to treat them fairly and creates dissension. Each of these real life cases involved people who were regarded as superior employees, but were
8、ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management. Never show the sole of your shoe to an Arab; never arrive on time for a party in Brazil; and in Japan, dont think “yes“ means “yes“, but simply learning the social “dos“ and “donts“ is not the answer, according to th
9、e new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out, can be disastrous. For example, the American manager who promised to be fair thought he was telling the Japanese staff that their hard work would be rewarded; but when some workers received higher sala
10、ry increase than others, there were complaints. “You told us youd be fair, and you lied to us,“ accused one salesman. “It took me a year and a half,“ signed the American, “ to realize that fair, to my staff, means being treated equally.“ The Asian engineer who suffered in American was the victim of
11、another mistaken expectation. He was accustomed to the warm group environment so typical in Japan. But in American company, everyone is expected to be self-starter, who thrives on working alone. For this Japanese it was emotional starvation. Passage Three As we interact with others of different cult
12、ures, there is no good substitute for receptiveness to interpersonal feedback, good observation skills, effective questions, and some horse sense. There is much to be gained by observing how people of the same culture interact with each other. Dont be afraid to ask questions as most people respond v
13、ery positively to inquiries about their culture. Ask a variety of people so you can get a balanced view. Making a genuine effort to find the positive historical, literary, and cultural contributions of a society; learning a few polite expressions in another persons language; and showing appreciation
14、 for the food and music of another culture can have especially positive effects. The conclusion, then, is not that there are no cultural differences. These differences between cultures and peoples are real and can add richness (and humor) to the fabric of life. People everywhere have much in common,
15、 such as a need for affiliation and love, participation, and contribution. When the exterior is peeled off, there are not so many differences after all. 国家公共英语五级（阅读理解）练习试卷 6答案与解析 Part C Directions: Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games. Note: Answer each question by choosing A,
16、B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once. 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “Passage Two”叙述亚洲工程师在美国强调个体的文化环境中的感受，提到日本人 “For this Japanese it was emotional starvation ”因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “Passage Three”第一段第三句 “Dont be afraid to ask questions as
17、 most people respond very positively to inquiries about their culture ”说明大多数人愿意积极的回答有关他 们文化的询问，因此答案为 C。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “PassageTwo”第三段 “never arrive on time for a party in Brazil” 隐含了 题意，因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “Passage Three”最后一段里有这样的句 子 “People everywhere have much in
18、 common， such as a need for affiliation and love， participation， and contribution ”说明人们的内 心世界在许多方面是基本相同的，因此答案为 C。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Passage One”第二段最后一句 “for Chinese politeness calls for three refusals before one accepts an offer， and the American hosts take anoto meanno， whether its the
19、 first， second， or third time ”，因此答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “Passage Two”第四段叙述了由于美国经理和日本员工对 “公平 ”这个词的不 同理解而产生了误会，因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Passage One”的第一段叙述美国女主人和中国女主人对客人赞扬的不同反映， 因此答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “Passage Two”第三段最后一句 “The penalties for ignoring differe
20、nt thinking patterns， they point out， can be disastrous ”忽略不同的思维模式就会受到灾难性的惩罚，因 此在到达另一种文化环境中之前，必须了解它的思维模式，因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 “Passage One”最后一段的叙述，尤其最后一句是 “Please dont bother, which is my signal to fetch tea.”，因此答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题 解析】 “Passage Three”第一段陈述到 “There is much to be gained by observing how people of the same culture interact with each other ”，因此答案为C。 【知识模块】 阅读理解
