1、国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 204及答案与解析 1 Where did most of the “pilgrims“the speaker met come from? （ A） U. S. A. （ B） Europe. （ C） OHio. （ D） His hometown. 2 What was the main difference the speaker noted on returning to his hometown? （ A） It was busy early in the morning. （ B） The school had become better tha
2、n it used to be. （ C） The“Shakespeare Industry“has grown more important, （ D） Many Americans now lived there. 3 What was the direct connection between members of the speakers family and Shakespeare? （ A） They owned Shakespeares birthplace. （ B） They went to Shakespeares old school. （ C） They lived n
3、ear Shakespeares house. （ D） They shared Shakespeares first name. 4 What was the speakers first reaction to “Shakespeare Industry“? （ A） He thought it was normal. （ B） He was surprised by it. （ C） He thought it was ridiculous. （ D） He became a tourist guide. Part A Directions: Read the following thr
4、ee texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 4 Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing dema
5、nds for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapid
6、ly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem. There are two ways by which this
7、pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes “prior to“disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disp
8、osal. A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processin
9、g plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable by-products. Other industries are exploring potential economic uses for their waste products. 5 The purpose of this
10、 passage is_. （ A） to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems （ B） to alert the reader to the dwindling water supply （ C） to explain industrial uses of water （ D） to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem 6 Which of the following points is NOT included in the passage?
11、（ A） Diluting wastes needs a certain amount of water. （ B） Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population. （ C） Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals. （ D） Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes. 7 The reader can co
12、nclude that_. （ A） countries of the world will work together on pollution problems （ B） some industries are now making economic use of liquid wastes （ C） by-products from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace （ D） science is making great progress in increasing water supplies 8 The author give
13、s substance to the passage through the use of_. （ A） interviews with authorities in the field of water controls （ B） definitions which clarify important terms （ C） opinions and personal observations （ D） strong arguments and persuasions 9 The words“prior to “(Para. 2)probably mean_. （ A） during （ B）
14、 before （ C） after （ D） beyond 9 Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷 )， gazing across this giant would in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsing (震动 ). In fact, the events that produced the canyon, far from being sudden and catas
15、trophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1000 more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of some 14 layered formations of rock. In the G
16、rand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateaus flat surface in the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologists refer to this bulging actions upwading(弯 曲上升 ); it was followed by a gen
17、eral elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers, located east of the upward, was the ancestor of the Colorado. Another rive
18、r system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancient Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually became the Grand Canyon. Geol
19、ogists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resistance of the rocks, inc
20、rease the opportunities for erosions. the Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau creates feeder streams that carve side canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks, and the pattern of ero
21、sion continues. 10 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） patterns of erosion in different mountain ranges （ B） forces that made the Grand Canyon （ C） the increasing pollution of the Colorado River （ D） the sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon 11 The word“wound“(Line 2, Para. 1)indicates that_. （ A） i
22、t was caused by some ancient convulsion （ B） its presence is an embarrassment to the state of Colorado （ C） it looks like an injury on the Earths surface （ D） it has caused many visitors to injure themselves 12 According to the passage how many miles long was the trench that became known as the Gran
23、d Canyon? （ A） 10 100. （ B） 277. （ C） 14. （ D） 10. 13 It can be concluded from this passage about the Grand Canyon that_. （ A） its shapes are constantly changing （ B） it contains approximately 14 million tons of rock （ C） its eruptions have increased in recent years （ D） it is being eroded by toxic
24、waste and pollutants 14 The passage would most likely be found in a texbook on which of the following subjects? （ A） Astronomy. （ B） Botany(植物学 ). （ C） Geology. （ D） Chemistry. 国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 204答案与解析 1 【听力原文】 The birthplace was to open at 10 a. m. It was 9:30 and already the pilgrims had formed a
25、 queue. I asked a lady from Ohio why she had come. “For Shakespeare, “she said. “Isnt that why you came?“ “Not entirely, “I said. “I was born here. Im visiting my family. “ “You were born here?“she said, as if only Shakespeare had the right. It was my first time home many years. Long ago I had emigr
26、ated to America. How I was visiting places in which I had taken little interest before the birthplace for example. I had passed it perhaps a hundred times without a thought of going in. Now it would cost me just under two pounds, about $3. But even stranger experience was buying a ticket to the scho
27、ol two members of my family had attended. Shakespeare had gone there though 350 years before. It was a good school, but I was fortunate in being sent to a better one. “Better than Shakespeares?“asked an American to whom I had confided. “I dont see how that could be possible, “he had muttered before
28、turning away. I had taken Shakespeare for granted. However, in my current tourist status, that would have to be changed. Respect was called for. I must learn to refer to him as the hard, and not as Will in the familiar way, and never a “Willie-the-Shake“, which is the inelegant but customary nicknam
29、e of some of the younger generation. This was no problem. Shakespeare worship had been made earlier since my day. Every building with Shakespeare connections was preserved. An inclusive ticket enabled holders to see them all. When several Americans whom I had run into asked me to show them around, I
30、 readily agreed. 1 【正确答案】 A 2 【正确答案】 C 3 【正确答案】 B 4 【正确答案】 B Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第一段第一句是本文的主题句，指出污染问题的严重性，接着作者阐明了主题句所点出的主旨。第一段最后一句是本段的结论句，指出必须立即采取严厉的措施来解决
31、水的污染问题。所以，正确答案非 A莫属。 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 从所给的选择项看， A， B， C在第一段中都已从不同角度提到，惟有 D没有提到。 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第三段最后两句均阐述某些正在从经济上利用废水。 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题题干可译为：作者通过使用 来阐述本文的基本内容。本文共 3段，每段的段首句均为作者的观点，然后紧接段首句提出观察报告。所以，本题的答案应为 C。 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 prior to(=before)在 以前。 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第一段指出大峡谷的形成是由于缓慢有序的侵蚀形成的
32、；第二段又说几百万年前大峡谷一带还是平面的，后来被逐渐侵蚀；第三段说由于地面降起，便有了高原河流，也有了著名的大峡谷；最后一段又进一步说明了大峡谷 的进一步形成是由于力的作用。因而本篇讨论的是形成大峡谷的各种力。故选 B。 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本章开始说 “站在大峡谷的边缘，放眼望着地球表面上的巨大豁口，游客可能认为峡谷是由于古代地动形成的。 ”可见作者在这里将大峡谷暗喻成伤口。故选 C。 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第三段倒数第二句话说 “然后，新的河流开始切割出最后成为大峡谷的长达 277英里的壕沟来 ”，因而本篇作者认为大峡谷长 227英里，故选 B。 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 最后 一段 “从那以后，大峡谷的形成日积月累，除了河流的侵蚀作用外，还有其他因素，如冷热、雨雪以及岩石的各种阻力增加了侵蚀的可能性。大峡谷壁面塌落，河流获得了切割工具。成吨的碎石和从高原上流下的雨水产生的支流切割峡谷壁，又逐步侵蚀到高原，峡谷边暴露出新的岩石，而侵蚀仍在继续 ”。可见应选 A。 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 从文章内容上可以看出本篇不是天文学、植物学，也不是化学，而是地质学方面的内容。因而选 C。
