1、国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 232及答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷 )， gazing across this giant would in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume
2、 that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsing (震动 ). In fact, the events that produced the canyon, far from being sudden and catastrophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1000
3、more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of some 14 layered formations of rock. In the Grand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateaus flat surface in
4、 the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologists refer to this bulging actions upwading(弯 曲上升 ); it was followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to
5、 run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers, located east of the upward, was the ancestor of the Colorado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancien
6、t Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually became the Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corr
7、osive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resistance of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosions. the Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau cre
8、ates feeder streams that carve side canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks, and the pattern of erosion continues. 1 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） patterns of erosion in different mountain ranges （ B） forces that made the Grand Canyon （ C） the incre
9、asing pollution of the Colorado River （ D） the sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon 2 The word“wound“(Line 2, Para. 1)indicates that_. （ A） it was caused by some ancient convulsion （ B） its presence is an embarrassment to the state of Colorado （ C） it looks like an injury on the Earths surface （ D）
10、 it has caused many visitors to injure themselves 3 According to the passage how many miles long was the trench that became known as the Grand Canyon? （ A） 10 100. （ B） 277. （ C） 14. （ D） 10. 4 It can be concluded from this passage about the Grand Canyon that_. （ A） its shapes are constantly changin
11、g （ B） it contains approximately 14 million tons of rock （ C） its eruptions have increased in recent years （ D） it is being eroded by toxic waste and pollutants 5 The passage would most likely be found in a texbook on which of the following subjects? （ A） Astronomy. （ B） Botany(植物学 ). （ C） Geology.
12、（ D） Chemistry. Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 5 Bess: Do you stifle your anger? Or do you let it explode? In either case, anger may be your hidden dieting problem. If you smile when a co-w
13、orker steals your ideas than spend the evening digging into a bag of chips youre not really fat and happy. Youre secretly angry. Break-free strategy: Anger needs to be evaluated. If the cause of your anger is relatively unimportant and there is nothing you can do to change the circumstances or the o
14、utcome, let it go. It may just save you a few unwanted pounds. Take a ten-minute break when you fell ravenous. Review what happened in the past 10 to 12 hours to upset you. Did your spouse hurt your feeling? Were you playing martyr again? Could you deal with your rage in less fattening ways by exerc
15、ising， perhaps, or discussing the situation with a friend? Ned： Since white wine is fat-free and has only about 100 calories a glass, its tempting to have a glass or two with a low-fat dinner. But according to a Swiss study reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, if roughly one-fourth of yo
16、ur daily caloric intake comes from wine, beer or liquor, the alcohol can show your fat metabolism by about 30 percent. In words, while your body is burning alcohol, its not burning fat. Worse, that unmetabolized fat may head straight for your abdomen. Other studies show that moderate consumption of
17、alcohol before meals can enhance your appetite. Break-free strategy:If your rate of weight loss has stalled, eliminating all alcohol could jump start it again. Winifred: Spend more time outside, even on a cloudy day. An early morning or lunch time walk-without sun-glasses is ideal. About 75 percent
18、of SAD sufferers get fast relief from special light boxes, which are 5 to 20 times brighter than typical home lighting. Boost your mood with exercise. Try a few laps around the block, dance to your favorite music, or jump cope. Dont fight your cravings. Swiss scientists recently found that SAD suffe
19、rs who are more than one portion of sweets in the afternoon or evening usually responded to light treatment. Once they got more light, their cravings diminished. Carol ： If you find your motivation coming to a halt, ponder this:What do you dislike about being svelte? Do you secretly miss pigging out
20、? Are you uneasy about extra attention from the opposite sex? “If you come from a family plagued with weight problems, you may even feel guilty about succeeding where others have failed, “says San Francisco psychiatrist Carla Perez, author of Getting Off the Merry-Go-Round. Other signs that you dont
21、 feel you deserve to be thin;comparing yourself unfavorably to others(“Sure, I lost 50 pounds, but she lost 75“) discounting your victories(“The first 30 pounds mean nothing, only the last five count“); or attributing your success to good luck instead of hard work. Ida: “If you are on the edge of an
22、ger, count ONE, TWO, THREE again and again, please. It is helpful for you to calm down. But to those bad-tempered people, it is no use to advise them to keep peaceful. Furthermore, medical care is a good way to deal with angry, “says Professor Ida Smith, a famous psychologist. According to his study
23、, taking medicine is a correct way has good effect on those who cant get rid of angry easily. Statements 61. Carol A One should take medicine in a correct way. 62. Bess B Behavior modification and stress management can also help you live. 63. Ida C Be not in anger. 64. Ned D Identify your stress tri
24、ggers. 65. Winifred E Escape far from alcohol. F Depression doesnt work. G You neednt be red-thin for your diet to be a success. 国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 232答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET
25、1. 1 【正确答案】 B 【试 题解析】 第一段指出大峡谷的形成是由于缓慢有序的侵蚀形成的；第二段又说几百万年前大峡谷一带还是平面的，后来被逐渐侵蚀；第三段说由于地面降起，便有了高原河流，也有了著名的大峡谷；最后一段又进一步说明了大峡谷的进一步形成是由于力的作用。因而本篇讨论的是形成大峡谷的各种力。故选 B。 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本章开始说 “站在大峡谷的边缘，放眼望着地球表面上的巨大豁口，游客可能认为峡谷是由于古代地动形成的。 ”可见作者在这里将大峡谷暗喻成伤口。故选 C。 3 【正确答案】 B 【试 题解析】 第三段倒数第二句话说 “然后，新的河流开始切割出最后成为大峡谷
26、的长达 277英里的壕沟来 ”，因而本篇作者认为大峡谷长 227英里，故选 B。 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 最后一段 “从那以后，大峡谷的形成日积月累，除了河流的侵蚀作用外，还有其他因素，如冷热、雨雪以及岩石的各种阻力增加了侵蚀的可能性。大峡谷壁面塌落，河流获得了切割工具。成吨的碎石和从高原上流下的雨水产生的支流切割峡谷壁，又逐步侵蚀到高原，峡谷边暴露出新的岩石，而侵蚀仍在继续 ”。可见应选 A。 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 从文章内容上可以看出本篇不是天文学、植物学，也不是化学，而是地质学方面的内容。因而选 C。 Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 6 【正确答案】 G 7 【正确答案】 C 8 【正确答案】 A 9 【正确答案】 E 10 【正确答案】 F
