1、国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 244及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Most of us are unaware of our own management style, let alone those of our colleagues. 26 a lead
2、ing psychologist, temperament places a signature or thumbprint on each of our actions. 27 temperament, managers can be divided into four groups. First is the Troubleshooter. His 28 are boldness, bravery, endurance, and cleverness. He is good at 29 fires and straightening things 30 . He loves to take
3、 risks and solve crises. But he resents 31 how to work and is not very good at following 32 agreements. The second is the Traditionalist. A stabilizer and consolidator, his abilities 33 establishing policies, schedules, regulations and hierarchy. He is 34 when he can plan his work. But he establishe
4、s a formal, impersonal style in dealing with colleagues until he is well 35 with them. The third is the Conceptualiser. He uses his intellect to 36 complexities, to get models onto paper. He is the architect of change and his focus is on possibility. Since he is more involved 37 the creative process
5、, he prefers others to take 38 execution. The last is the Catalyst. He is personal and 39 . He has the ability to draw out the best in people as he is 40 people-oriented. He excels at the head of democratically run organization. But he lets other peoples 41 eat up much of his time. He is liable 42 m
6、ake decisions 43 his personal likes and dislikes 44 what is best for the organization. To be aware of these temperaments is to 45 that differences are neither flaws nor afflictions. Understanding this can lead to avoiding much mutual aggravation and enhancing relationships with business associates a
7、nd colleagues. （ A） As to （ B） According to （ C） As for （ D） In terms of （ A） Based on （ B） Judged from （ C） Embedded in （ D） Rooted in （ A） attributes （ B） attitudes （ C） altitudes （ D） latitudes （ A） setting on （ B） turning on （ C） putting up （ D） putting out （ A） out （ B） away （ C） aside （ D） ove
8、r （ A） to tell （ B） telling （ C） being told （ D） having told （ A） through （ B） on （ C） with （ D） about （ A） rely on （ B） lie in （ C） compose of （ D） lie on （ A） on the top （ B） in his prime years （ C） at the bottom （ D） at his best （ A） identified （ B） distinguished （ C） recognized （ D） acquainted （
9、 A） embark on （ B） figure out （ C） work at （ D） figure on （ A） at （ B） into （ C） in （ D） by （ A） over （ B） up （ C） on （ D） for （ A） personable （ B） private （ C） personnel （ D） intimate （ A） partially （ B） primarily （ C） promptly （ D） uniquely （ A） privileges （ B） promotions （ C） priorities （ D） emot
10、ions （ A） for （ B） of （ C） to （ D） with （ A） with relation to （ B） in spite of （ C） to （ D） on the basis of （ A） more than （ B） rather than （ C） instead （ D） in place of （ A） appreciate （ B） maintain （ C） affirm （ D） assert Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on e
11、ach text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷 )， gazing across this giant would in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsing (震动 ). In fact, the events that produced t
12、he canyon, far from being sudden and catastrophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1000 more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of so
13、me 14 layered formations of rock. In the Grand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateaus flat surface in the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologists refer to this bulging actions
14、upwading(弯 曲上升 ); it was followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers, located east of the upward, was
15、the ancestor of the Colorado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancient Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench tha
16、t eventually became the Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along wit
17、h the varying resistance of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosions. the Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau creates feeder streams that carve side canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyon
18、s expose new rocks, and the pattern of erosion continues. 21 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） patterns of erosion in different mountain ranges （ B） forces that made the Grand Canyon （ C） the increasing pollution of the Colorado River （ D） the sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon 22 The word“woun
19、d“(Line 2, Para. 1)indicates that_. （ A） it was caused by some ancient convulsion （ B） its presence is an embarrassment to the state of Colorado （ C） it looks like an injury on the Earths surface （ D） it has caused many visitors to injure themselves 23 According to the passage how many miles long wa
20、s the trench that became known as the Grand Canyon? （ A） 10 100. （ B） 277. （ C） 14. （ D） 10. 24 It can be concluded from this passage about the Grand Canyon that_. （ A） its shapes are constantly changing （ B） it contains approximately 14 million tons of rock （ C） its eruptions have increased in rece
21、nt years （ D） it is being eroded by toxic waste and pollutants 25 The passage would most likely be found in a texbook on which of the following subjects? （ A） Astronomy. （ B） Botany(植物学 ). （ C） Geology. （ D） Chemistry. Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statement
22、s (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 25 Bess: Do you stifle your anger? Or do you let it explode? In either case, anger may be your hidden dieting problem. If you smile when a co-worker steals your ideas than spend the evening digging into a bag of chips youre not really fat
23、and happy. Youre secretly angry. Break-free strategy: Anger needs to be evaluated. If the cause of your anger is relatively unimportant and there is nothing you can do to change the circumstances or the outcome, let it go. It may just save you a few unwanted pounds. Take a ten-minute break when you
24、fell ravenous. Review what happened in the past 10 to 12 hours to upset you. Did your spouse hurt your feeling? Were you playing martyr again? Could you deal with your rage in less fattening ways by exercising， perhaps, or discussing the situation with a friend? Ned： Since white wine is fat-free and
25、 has only about 100 calories a glass, its tempting to have a glass or two with a low-fat dinner. But according to a Swiss study reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, if roughly one-fourth of your daily caloric intake comes from wine, beer or liquor, the alcohol can show your fat metabolis
26、m by about 30 percent. In words, while your body is burning alcohol, its not burning fat. Worse, that unmetabolized fat may head straight for your abdomen. Other studies show that moderate consumption of alcohol before meals can enhance your appetite. Break-free strategy:If your rate of weight loss
27、has stalled, eliminating all alcohol could jump start it again. Winifred: Spend more time outside, even on a cloudy day. An early morning or lunch time walk-without sun-glasses is ideal. About 75 percent of SAD sufferers get fast relief from special light boxes, which are 5 to 20 times brighter than
28、 typical home lighting. Boost your mood with exercise. Try a few laps around the block, dance to your favorite music, or jump cope. Dont fight your cravings. Swiss scientists recently found that SAD suffers who are more than one portion of sweets in the afternoon or evening usually responded to ligh
29、t treatment. Once they got more light, their cravings diminished. Carol ： If you find your motivation coming to a halt, ponder this:What do you dislike about being svelte? Do you secretly miss pigging out? Are you uneasy about extra attention from the opposite sex? “If you come from a family plagued
30、 with weight problems, you may even feel guilty about succeeding where others have failed, “says San Francisco psychiatrist Carla Perez, author of Getting Off the Merry-Go-Round. Other signs that you dont feel you deserve to be thin;comparing yourself unfavorably to others(“Sure, I lost 50 pounds, b
31、ut she lost 75“) discounting your victories(“The first 30 pounds mean nothing, only the last five count“); or attributing your success to good luck instead of hard work. Ida: “If you are on the edge of anger, count ONE, TWO, THREE again and again, please. It is helpful for you to calm down. But to t
32、hose bad-tempered people, it is no use to advise them to keep peaceful. Furthermore, medical care is a good way to deal with angry, “says Professor Ida Smith, a famous psychologist. According to his study, taking medicine is a correct way has good effect on those who cant get rid of angry easily. St
33、atements 61. Carol A One should take medicine in a correct way. 62. Bess B Behavior modification and stress management can also help you live. 63. Ida C Be not in anger. 64. Ned D Identify your stress triggers. 65. Winifred E Escape far from alcohol. F Depression doesnt work. G You neednt be red-thi
34、n for your diet to be a success. 国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 244答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 1 【 正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 according to意为 “如 所说或显示，按照 ”，原文意为：根据
35、一位著名心理学家的看法，故选项 BAccording to正确。选项 AAs to和 CAsfor词义相近，意为 “至于 ”；选项 DIn terms of意为 “就 而言，谈到 ” 。全句可译为：根据一位著名心理学家的看法，人们的性情影响着人们的一切行为。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 base on意为 “根据，基于 ”，此处用过去分词形式，说明性情是管理者被划分成四种类型的基础，故选项 ABased on正确。选项 BJudged from意为 “从 判断之 ”；选项 CEmbedded is和 DRooted in意思相近，意为 “根深蒂固 ”。全句可译为：
36、根据性情，经理们可被划分成以下四类。 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 attributes意为 “品格，品质 ”，根据句中的勇敢、忍耐、聪明等词可知它们都属于品格特 征，因此选项 Aattributes正确。其他选项： Battitudes(态度 );Caltitudes(海拔高度 );Dlatitudes(纬度 )，均与题意不符。 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 put out意为 “熄灭 ”，引申为 “解决问题 ”，根据主语 He指代的是 Troubleshooter，可知这类人是善于解决问题的，因此选项Dputting out正确。选项
37、 Asetting on意为 “攻击，教唆 ”；选项 Bturning on意为 “打开，袭击 ”；选 项 Cputting up意为 “举起，提高 (价钱等 )”。 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于词语搭配题。 straighten out意为 “把 弄直，克服，解决困难 ”，根据原文意思，处理麻烦的能手善于解决问题，因此选项 Aout符合题意。其他选项： Baway， Caside和 Dover均不能与 straighten连用。 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于语法题。 resent+名 doing意为 “愤恨，对 生气 ”，根据题意，此处需要被动形式的动名词，因
38、此 选项 Cbeing told(被告知 )，符合题意。其他选项： Ato tell， Btelling和 Dhaving told均与题意不符。全句可译为： Troubleshooter讨厌别人告诉他该如何工作。 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 follow through意为 “(把工作等 )贯彻到底，坚持到底 ”。原文意为：他不擅长于贯彻执行一致做出的决定，因此选项Athrough符合题意。选项 B(follow)on意为 “跟在 后面， (间歇后 )再继续 ”，如： Her illness followed on hermothers death她母亲死后她又
39、病了。选项Cwith不与 follow连用；选项 D(follow)about意为 “追随 (某人 )”，如： The child follows her mother about all day long 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 lie in意为 “在于 ”，例如： The causes of war lie in the greedand incompetence of politicians on both sides战争的原因在于双方国家的政客们的贪婪和无能。原文意为：传统主义者的能力在于制定政策、日程以及规章制度，因此选项 Blie in正确。选项
40、Arely on意为 “依靠 ”；选项Ccompose of意为 “由 组成 ”；选项 Dlie on意为 “躺在 ”。 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 at ones best意为 “处于最佳状态 ”根据原文意思：他们在规划工作时状态最佳，因此选项 Dat his best符合题意。 Aon the top(在顶上 ) Binhis prime years错误搭配，应为： in his prime(他的青春年华 )； Cat the bottom(在底部 )。 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 be acquainted with意为 “熟
41、悉，了解 ”，根据句意，此处指传统主义者与他的同事们的关系，因此选项 Dacquainted符合题意。选项 A(be)identified(with)意为 “与 融为一体，认同 ”，如： Formerly he was identified with that party他从前与该政党过从甚密。选项 Bdistinguish常与介词 from between连用，意为 “区别，识别 ”；选项 Crecognized(认识 )，不与介词 with连用。全句可译为：只有当传统主义者很好地了解了他的同事们后他才不再表现出公事公办、不近人情的处事风格。 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语
42、义搭配题。 figure out意为 “理解，领会到 ”，根据原文的意思：概念主义者经常利用他们的聪明才智去解决复杂的问题，因此选项Bfigure out符合题意。选项 Aembark on意为 “着手，从事 ”，例： we are embarking on a new project this year选项 Cwork at意为 “在 上班，从事 ”；选项 Dfigure on意为 “期待，指望，依赖 ”。 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于语法题。 be involved in意为 “牵涉在内，热衷于 ”，本句意为：当他更多地参与创新过程，因此选项 Cin符合题意。其他选项：
43、Aat，Binto和 Dby均不与 involve连用。 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 take over意为 “继承，接管 (工作等 )”，原文中提及他更希望别人接管执行工作，因此选项 Aover正确。选项 Bup与 take连用，意为 “占 (时间、地方等 )，开始 (工作，产生兴趣等 )。 ”，例如： The table takes up too much space (这张桌太占地方了。 )选项 Con与 take连用，意为 “雇用，承担，呈现 ”，例如： Some animals take onthe color of their surrounding
44、s (有的动物会显现出与自己周围环境事物相近的颜色。 )选项 Dfor与 take连用，意为“把 当作，把 误认为 ”。全句可译为：由于他更多地参与创新过程，因此，他更希望别人接管执行工作。 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 personable意为 “风度好的，有魅力的 ”，原文意为 Catalyst富有人情味且风度翩翩，因此选项 Apersonable正确。选项Bprivate意为 “私下的 ”；选项 Cpersonnel意为 “人事部分， (集 合名词 )职员 ”；选项 Dintimate意为 “亲密的，个人的 ”。 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属
45、于语义搭配题。 primarily意为 “主要地，根本地 ”，原文中提及他能使人们展现出最好状态的主要原因，因此选项 Bprimarily符合题意。选项 Apartially意为 “部分地，不完全地 ”；选项 Cpromptly意为 “敏捷地，迅速地 ”；选项 Duniquely意为 “独特地，与众不同地 ”。全句可译为：他能使人们展现出最好状态的主要原因是：他能以人为本。 16 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 priorities意为 “优先权 ”，根据上下文的意思，因为这种民主化管理让别人优先发表意见，因此选项 Cpriorities符合题意。选项 Aprivileg
46、es意为 “特权 ”；选项 Bpromotions意为 “晋级，促进 ”；选项Demotions意为 “情绪 ”。全句可译为：因为这种民主化管理让别人先发表意见，因而消耗了他的大部分时间。 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于词语搭配题。 be liable to do sth意为 “易于 的，有 倾向的，有义务的 ”，例如： (1)we are all liable to make mistakes (2)People who walk on the grass areliable to a fine of $5故选项 Cto符合题意。选项 Afor与 liable连用， be l
47、iable forsth意为 “有义务的 ”，例如： If we lose the case we may be liable for(have to pay)thecosts of the whole trial 选项Bof和选项 Dwith均不能与 liable连用。 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 on the basis of意为 “基于 ”，文中指做出决定的依据是他的个人喜好，因此选项 Don the basis of正确。选项 Awith relation to意为 “关于 ” ；选项 Bin spite of意为 “无视于；尽管 ”；选项 Cto与句意
48、不符。 19 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语篇连接题。 rather than意为 “而不是 ”，根据 原句意思：这类人往往按照个人好恶而不是根据公司利益来做决定，故选项 Brather than正确。选项 Amore than意为 “多于，大于 ”；选项 Binstead副词，不能引导从句；选项 Din place of(代替 )，与句意不符。全句可译为：他往往会根据个人的好恶而不是公司利益而做出决定。 20 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 appreciate意为 “欣赏，充分意识到，理解 ”，根据上下文，此处需一个动词与后面的宾语从句连用，从句中的内容是
49、 “差异并不是缺点或折磨 ”，因此，只有了解这种差异，才能减少与别人的冲突，符合逻辑，故选项 Aappreciate正确。选项 Bmaintain意为 “坚持认为 ”；选项Caffirm意为 “断言，声明 ”；选项 Dassert意为 “肯定地说，坚决维护 ”。这三项均不符合题意。全句可译为：了解这些性情的目的是要充分意识到性情的差异既不是缺点也不是令人苦恼的事。 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your
