1、国家公共英语(三级)笔试模拟试卷 261及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Most of us are unaware of our own management style, let alone those of our colleagues. 26 a lead
2、ing psychologist, temperament places a signature or thumbprint on each of our actions. 27 temperament, managers can be divided into four groups. First is the Troubleshooter. His 28 are boldness, bravery, endurance, and cleverness. He is good at 29 fires and straightening things 30 . He loves to take
3、 risks and solve crises. But he resents 31 how to work and is not very good at following 32 agreements. The second is the Traditionalist. A stabilizer and consolidator, his abilities 33 establishing policies, schedules, regulations and hierarchy. He is 34 when he can plan his work. But he establishe
4、s a formal, impersonal style in dealing with colleagues until he is well 35 with them. The third is the Conceptualiser. He uses his intellect to 36 complexities, to get models onto paper. He is the architect of change and his focus is on possibility. Since he is more involved 37 the creative process
5、, he prefers others to take 38 execution. The last is the Catalyst. He is personal and 39 . He has the ability to draw out the best in people as he is 40 people-oriented. He excels at the head of democratically run organization. But he lets other peoples 41 eat up much of his time. He is liable 42 m
6、ake decisions 43 his personal likes and dislikes 44 what is best for the organization. To be aware of these temperaments is to 45 that differences are neither flaws nor afflictions. Understanding this can lead to avoiding much mutual aggravation and enhancing relationships with business associates a
7、nd colleagues. ( A) As to ( B) According to ( C) As for ( D) In terms of ( A) Based on ( B) Judged from ( C) Embedded in ( D) Rooted in ( A) attributes ( B) attitudes ( C) altitudes ( D) latitudes ( A) setting on ( B) turning on ( C) putting up ( D) putting out ( A) out ( B) away ( C) aside ( D) ove
8、r ( A) to tell ( B) telling ( C) being told ( D) having told ( A) through ( B) on ( C) with ( D) about ( A) rely on ( B) lie in ( C) compose of ( D) lie on ( A) on the top ( B) in his prime years ( C) at the bottom ( D) at his best ( A) identified ( B) distinguished ( C) recognized ( D) acquainted (
9、 A) embark on ( B) figure out ( C) work at ( D) figure on ( A) at ( B) into ( C) in ( D) by ( A) over ( B) up ( C) on ( D) for ( A) personable ( B) private ( C) personnel ( D) intimate ( A) partially ( B) primarily ( C) promptly ( D) uniquely ( A) privileges ( B) promotions ( C) priorities ( D) emot
10、ions ( A) for ( B) of ( C) to ( D) with ( A) with relation to ( B) in spite of ( C) to ( D) on the basis of ( A) more than ( B) rather than ( C) instead ( D) in place of ( A) appreciate ( B) maintain ( C) affirm ( D) assert Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on e
11、ach text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 By the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the war with the French and the Indians, England gained possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French influence on this continent thus came to an
12、end; England now controlled most of North America. But the war had been long and expensive. England had many debts. George III, king of England, after consulting with his advisers, decided that the American colonists (殖民者 ) should help pay some of the expenses of this war. A standing English army of
13、 10 000 men had been left in the colonies(殖民地 )for protection against the Indians. The English government also felt that the colonists should share in the expenses of maintaining this army. The result was a series of measures, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and designed to raise money i
14、n the colonies. Some of these measures were accepted by the colonists, but one in particular, the Stamp Act, was met with great protest. The Stamp Act required that stamps, ranging in price from a few cents to almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal
15、papers, etc. The Stamp Act was one of the causes of the American Revolution. It affected everyone, rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the act would surely ruin their businesses. Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had greater effect than that of a young lawyer fro
16、m Virginia - Patrick Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Act came up for discussion, he opposed it almost single-handedly. He also expressed, for the first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of the time but that never before had
17、been stated so openly. “Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be bought at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty(万能的 ) God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!“ 21 From the text we learn that_. ( A) Britain took over Canada from
18、 the Indians in 1763 ( B) there had been a war between the French and the Indians which ended in 1763 ( C) France used to have control of Canada and some areas east of the Mississippi River ( D) the French still kept some influence in North America through the Treaty of Paris 22 The Grenville Progra
19、m refers to_. ( A) King George Ills plan to gather money in North America ( B) the British governments desire to raise money in North America ( C) a plan to share the expenses of maintaining an army in the American colonies ( D) a decision of the British Parliament to collect money in the American c
20、olonies 23 The Stamp Act_. ( A) was an act about selling stamps at prices from a few cents to almost a dollar ( B) required that all commercial and legal documents in America have stamps on them ( C) was the main cause of the American Revolution ( D) chiefly affected business people who felt it woul
21、d ruin their businesses 24 From the text we learn that Patrick Henry_. ( A) had been a member of the Virginia Assembly for a long time ( B) didnt know what courses to take to complete his studies as a lawyer ( C) was almost the only one who openly protested against the Stamp Act ( D) didnt value lif
22、e or peace as much as other people did 25 This passage is mainly about_. ( A) one of the events leading to the American Revolution ( B) the Treaty of Paris between Britain and France ( C) the Grenville Program to raise money in the American colonies ( D) Patrick Henry, a hero who opposed the Stamp A
23、ct 国家公共英语(三级)笔试模拟试卷 261答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 according to意为 “如 所说或显示,按照 ”,原文意为:根据一位著名心理学家的看法,故选项 BAccording to正确
24、。选项 AAs to和 CAsfor词义相近,意为 “至于 ”;选项 DIn terms of意为 “就 而言,谈到 ” 。全句 可译为:根据一位著名心理学家的看法,人们的性情影响着人们的一切行为。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 base on意为 “根据,基于 ”,此处用过去分词形式,说明性情是管理者被划分成四种类型的基础,故选项 ABased on正确。选项 BJudged from意为 “从 判断之 ”;选项 CEmbedded is和 DRooted in意思相近,意为 “根深蒂固 ”。全句可译为:根据性情,经理们可被划分成以下四类。 3 【正确答案】 A
25、【试题解析】 此题属于语义 搭配题。 attributes意为 “品格,品质 ”,根据句中的勇敢、忍耐、聪明等词可知它们都属于品格特征,因此选项 Aattributes正确。其他选项: Battitudes(态度 );Caltitudes(海拔高度 );Dlatitudes(纬度 ),均与题意不符。 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 put out意为 “熄灭 ”,引申为 “解决问题 ”,根据主语 He指代的是 Troubleshooter,可知这类人是善于解决问题的,因此选项Dputting out正确。选项 Asetting on意为 “攻击,教唆 ”;选项 Btu
26、rning on意为 “打开,袭击 ”;选项 Cputting up意为 “举起,提高 (价钱等 )”。 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于词语搭配题。 straighten out意为 “把 弄直,克服,解决困难 ”,根据原文意思,处理麻烦的能手善于解决问题,因此选项 Aout符合题意。其他选项: Baway, Caside和 Dover均不能与 straighten连用。 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于语法 题。 resent+名 doing意为 “愤恨,对 生气 ”,根据题意,此处需要被动形式的动名词,因此选项 Cbeing told(被告知 ),符合题意。其他选
27、项: Ato tell, Btelling和 Dhaving told均与题意不符。全句可译为: Troubleshooter讨厌别人告诉他该如何工作。 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 follow through意为 “(把工作等 )贯彻到底,坚持到底 ”。原文意为:他不擅长于贯彻执行一致做出的决定,因此选项Athrough符合题意。选项 B(follow)on意为 “跟在 后面, (间歇后 )再继续 ”,如: Her illness followed on hermothers death她母亲死后她又病了。选项Cwith不与 follow连用;选项 D(foll
28、ow)about意为 “追随 (某人 )”,如: The child follows her mother about all day long 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 lie in意为 “在于 ”,例如: The causes of war lie in the greedand incompetence of politicians on both sides战争的原因在于双方国家的政客们的贪婪和无能。原文意为:传统主义者的能力在于制定政策、日程以及规章制度,因此选项 Blie in正确。选项 Arely on意为 “依靠 ”;选项Ccompose of意
29、为 “由 组成 ”;选项 Dlie on意为 “躺在 ”。 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 at ones best意为 “处于最佳状态 ”根据原文意思:他们在规划工作时状态最佳,因此选项 Dat his best符合题意。 Aon the top(在顶上 ) Binhis prime years错误搭配,应为: in his prime(他的青春年华 ); Cat the bottom(在底部 )。 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 be acquainted with意为 “熟悉,了解 ”,根据句意,此处指传统主义者与他的同事们的关系,因
30、此选项 Dacquainted符合题意。选项 A(be)identified(with)意为 “与 融为一体,认同 ”,如: Formerly he was identified with that party他从前与该政党过从甚密。选项 Bdistinguish常与介词 from between连用,意为 “区别,识别 ”;选项 Crecognized(认识 ),不与介词 with连用。全句可译为:只有当传 统主义者很好地了解了他的同事们后他才不再表现出公事公办、不近人情的处事风格。 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 figure out意为 “理解,领会到 ”,根
31、据原文的意思:概念主义者经常利用他们的聪明才智去解决复杂的问题,因此选项Bfigure out符合题意。选项 Aembark on意为 “着手,从事 ”,例: we are embarking on a new project this year选项 Cwork at意为 “在 上班,从事 ”;选项 Dfigure on意为 “期待,指望,依赖 ”。 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于语法题。 be involved in意为 “牵涉在内,热衷于 ”,本句意为:当他更多地参与创新过程,因此选项 Cin符合题意。其他选项: Aat,Binto和 Dby均不与 involve连用。 1
32、3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 take over意为 “继承,接管 (工作等 )”,原文中提及他更希望别人接管执行工作,因此选项 Aover正确。选项 Bup与 take连用,意为 “占 (时间、 地方等 ),开始 (工作,产生兴趣等 )。 ”,例如: The table takes up too much space (这张桌太占地方了。 )选项 Con与 take连用,意为 “雇用,承担,呈现 ”,例如: Some animals take onthe color of their surroundings (有的动物会显现出与自己周围环境事物相近的颜色。 )选
33、项 Dfor与 take连用,意为“把 当作,把 误认为 ”。全句可译为:由于他更多地参与创新过程,因此,他更希望别人接管执行工作。 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 personable意为 “风度好的,有魅力的 ”,原文意为 Catalyst富有人情味且风度翩翩,因此选项 Apersonable正确。选项Bprivate意为 “私下的 ”;选项 Cpersonnel意为 “人事部分, (集合名词 )职员 ”;选项 Dintimate意为 “亲密的,个人的 ”。 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 primarily意为 “主要地,根本地 ”
34、,原文中提及他能使人们展现出最好状态的主要原因,因此选项 Bprimarily符合题意。选项 Apartially意为 “部分地,不完全地 ”;选项 Cpromptly意为 “敏捷地,迅速地 ”;选项 Duniquely意为 “独特地,与众不同地 ”。全句可译为:他能使人们展现出最好状态的主要原因是:他能以人为本。 16 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 priorities意为 “优先权 ”,根据上下文的意思,因为这种民主化管理让别人优先发表意见,因此选项 Cpriorities符合题意。选项 Aprivileges意为 “特权 ”;选项 Bpromotions意为 “晋
35、级,促进 ”;选项Demotions意为 “情绪 ”。全句可译为:因为这种民主化管理让别人先发表意见,因而消耗了他的大部分时间。 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此题属于词语搭配题。 be liable to do sth意为 “易于 的,有 倾向的,有义务的 ”,例如: (1)we are all liable to make mistakes (2)People who walk on the grass areliable to a fine of $5故选项 Cto符合题意。选项 Afor与 liable连用, be liable forsth意为 “有义务的 ”,例如: If
36、we lose the case we may be liable for(have to pay)thecosts of the whole trial选项Bof和选项 Dwith均不能与 liable连用。 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 on the basis of意为 “基于 ”,文中指做出决定的依据是他的个人喜好,因此选项 Don the basis of正确。选项 Awith relation to意为 “关于 ” ;选项 Bin spite of意为 “无视于;尽管 ”;选项 Cto与句意不符。 19 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题属于语篇连接
37、题。 rather than意为 “而不是 ”,根据原句意思:这类人往往按照个人好恶而不是根据公司利益来做决定,故选项 Brather than正确。选项 Amore than意为 “多于,大于 ”;选项 Binstead副词,不能引导从句;选项 Din place of(代替 ),与句意不符 。全句可译为:他往往会根据个人的好恶而不是公司利益而做出决定。 20 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题属于语义搭配题。 appreciate意为 “欣赏,充分意识到,理解 ”,根据上下文,此处需一个动词与后面的宾语从句连用,从句中的内容是 “差异并不是缺点或折磨 ”,因此,只有了解这种差异,才能减少
38、与别人的冲突,符合逻辑,故选项 Aappreciate正确。选项 Bmaintain意为 “坚持认为 ”;选项Caffirm意为 “断言,声明 ”;选项 Dassert意为 “肯定地说,坚决维护 ”。这三项均不 符合题意。全句可译为:了解这些性情的目的是要充分意识到性情的差异既不是缺点也不是令人苦恼的事。 Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1
39、. 21 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 原文提到 By the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the war with the French andthe Indians, England gained possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River只是说 “英国从法国和印第安人的手中获得了加拿大以及密西西比河以东的所有土地 ”,并未特别表明 “英国从印第安人手中获取加拿大 ”,而且根据对应关系,应该是从法国人手中获得加拿大,因此 A错。the war
40、 with the French and the Indians是指 “英国同法国和印第安人的战争 ”,而不是 “法国和印第安人之间的战争 ”,因此 B错。原文又提到 French influence on this continent thus came to an end(法国在北美大陆的影响宣告结束 ),因此 D错。 22 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据原文 The result was a series of measures, the Grenville Program, passed byParliament and designed to raise money in th
41、e colonies可知,Grenville Program(格伦威尔法案 )是英国议会在美洲殖民地敛钱的一个决定,而不是国王乔治三世或英国政府的计划,也不仅仅是共同承担美洲殖民地军费的问题,因此只有 D项正确。 23 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据原文 The Stamp Act required that stampsbe placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal papers, etc (该法案要求,所有的报纸、广告、账单、遗嘱、法律文件等等一律要盖上印花 )可知 B项正确。该法案并不
42、是直接出售邮票,因此 A错误。又据原文 The Stamp Act was one of the causes of the American Revolution可知印花税法案是美国革命的起因之一,而不能说是主要原因 (main cause),因此 C错误。另据原文 It affected everyone, rich and poor alike可知 D错。 24 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据原文 Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly Yet whenthe Stamp Act came up f
43、or discussion, he opposed it almost single-handedly可知 “当时亨利刚刚入选弗吉尼亚议会。当印花税法案引起人们的讨论时,他几乎是在单打独斗地反对。 ”由此, A错误, C正确。 B项与文章内容无关。根据文章最后的引言部分可知亨利只是为了获得自由才宁可牺牲生 命与和平,并不表明他不比别人珍爱生命与和平,因此 D错。 25 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章主要是讲 “印花税法案是引起美国革命的一个原因 ”,这一点在两段文字中都有体现。因此 A正确。 the Treaty of Paris和 the Grenville Program并不是美国革命的直接起因,而且与第二段文字毫无联系,因此 B、 C不能作为文章的中心思想。同样, D也过于片面,只能概括文章第二段,亦不够好。