1、国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 269及答案与解析 1 Where did most of the “pilgrims“the speaker met come from? （ A） U. S. A. （ B） Europe. （ C） OHio. （ D） His hometown. 2 What was the main difference the speaker noted on returning to his hometown? （ A） It was busy early in the morning. （ B） The school had become better tha
2、n it used to be. （ C） The“Shakespeare Industry“has grown more important, （ D） Many Americans now lived there. 3 What was the direct connection between members of the speakers family and Shakespeare? （ A） They owned Shakespeares birthplace. （ B） They went to Shakespeares old school. （ C） They lived n
3、ear Shakespeares house. （ D） They shared Shakespeares first name. 4 What was the speakers first reaction to “Shakespeare Industry“? （ A） He thought it was normal. （ B） He was surprised by it. （ C） He thought it was ridiculous. （ D） He became a tourist guide. Part A Directions: Read the following thr
4、ee texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 4 Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷 )， gazing across this giant would in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsing (震动 ). I
5、n fact, the events that produced the canyon, far from being sudden and catastrophic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion. Many millions of years ago, the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 1000 more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The a
6、dditional material consisted of some 14 layered formations of rock. In the Grand Canyon region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years. Approximately 65 million years ago the plateaus flat surface in the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure, geologi
7、sts refer to this bulging actions upwading(弯 曲上升 ); it was followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that winded across it began to run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers
8、, located east of the upward, was the ancestor of the Colorado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upward, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upward, it eventually connected with the ancient Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carv
9、e out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually became the Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago. Since then, the Canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat
10、and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resistance of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosions. the Canyon walls crumble, the river acquires a cutting tool. Tons of debris, rainfall running off the high plateau creates feeder streams that carve side canyons. Pushing slowly backward
11、 into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks, and the pattern of erosion continues. 5 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） patterns of erosion in different mountain ranges （ B） forces that made the Grand Canyon （ C） the increasing pollution of the Colorado River （ D） the sudden appearance of
12、the Grand Canyon 6 The word“wound“(Line 2, Para. 1)indicates that_. （ A） it was caused by some ancient convulsion （ B） its presence is an embarrassment to the state of Colorado （ C） it looks like an injury on the Earths surface （ D） it has caused many visitors to injure themselves 7 According to the
13、 passage how many miles long was the trench that became known as the Grand Canyon? （ A） 10 100. （ B） 277. （ C） 14. （ D） 10. 8 It can be concluded from this passage about the Grand Canyon that_. （ A） its shapes are constantly changing （ B） it contains approximately 14 million tons of rock （ C） its er
14、uptions have increased in recent years （ D） it is being eroded by toxic waste and pollutants 9 The passage would most likely be found in a texbook on which of the following subjects? （ A） Astronomy. （ B） Botany(植物学 ). （ C） Geology. （ D） Chemistry. Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (6
15、1-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 9 Joan: That is, goals that are small, manageable, achievable, realistic and tangible. Too many people judge whether theyre overweight by those depressing insurance-company tables listing“ ideal“or“healthy“body
16、 weights based on low mortality rates. But such tables represent only the weights of people who applied for life insurance and lived the longest. They do not accurately measure the effects of excess body fat on sickness or longevity for the entire population. Nor do they tell you your healthiest wei
17、ght. Kate: To reduce, you must combine the three key elements of long-term weight control. First, follow a nutritionally balanced, healthful eating plan. Increase the fiber in your diet and cut your fat intake to 25 to 30 grams per day. If youve selective about the food you choose, you can eat three
18、 meals a day and up to three low-fat snacks. One explanation for this quick impact is that you are what you eat. Its not just the pounds of excess body fat that cause all the trouble. Its the high-fat calories that you consume every day to maintain those extra pounds. As soon as you cut out those ad
19、ditional high-fat calories, youll be healthier and happier. Jean : Heres the tough part. After trimming down, easy-does-it dieters spend at least six months adapting to their new weight. This gives the body time to adjust to the changes it has undergone in diet, exercise and life-style. Dont get cau
20、ght in the trap of all-or-nothing thinking. An occasional lapse is normal. We recommend what we call the “R-K-0“system. Each day that you follow a program of low fat diet and exercise is an “R“day of “regularly reducing. “Days when you want to just hold steady eat a bit more, exercise slightly less
21、are “K“days, for“keeping it off. “Days when you splurge are“0“days, for“off“. At the end of each day, mark an R, K or O on your calendar. The winning formula is to have your K days, and your K days outnumber your O days. Rose: Of the 34 million American adults who are classified as overweight, about
22、 two million should lose 100 or more pounds. These people obviously need to lose more than ten percent of their body weight; they will require medical supervision, rapid weight loss and the use of special portion-controlled foods. In most cases, however, people who are overweight can start an easy-d
23、oes-it plan. Then, after theyve maintained their new, slimmer bodies for six months, they can consider a second cycle. How do you decide whether youve lost enough weight? Feeling good is the first sign. Health-risk factors are an even better indicator. Before you go on an easy-does-it weight-loss pr
24、ogram, have your doctor measure your cholesterol, body fat and blood pressure. Then check with your physician at the beginning of the six-month maintenance stage. After that, you can move forward on your own. Jone: The easy-does-it diet is not so much a diet as an approach to weight loss and life-st
25、yle. You dont have to hit a magic number on your scale. You can achieve a healthy weight safely and permanently if you just remember:easy does it. Statements 61. Joan A We should set“smart“goals. 62. Kate B The first few pounds you lose are the most valuable. 63. Jean C One must keep it off. 64. Ros
26、e D Moderate weight loss is easier to sustain. 65. Jone E Easy-does-it is necessary. F You should take it off. G Reassess. 国家公共英语（三级）笔试模拟试卷 269答案与解析 1 【听力原文】 The birthplace was to open at 10 a. m. It was 9:30 and already the pilgrims had formed a queue. I asked a lady from Ohio why she had come. “Fo
27、r Shakespeare, “she said. “Isnt that why you came?“ “Not entirely, “I said. “I was born here. Im visiting my family. “ “You were born here?“she said, as if only Shakespeare had the right. It was my first time home many years. Long ago I had emigrated to America. How I was visiting places in which I
28、had taken little interest before the birthplace for example. I had passed it perhaps a hundred times without a thought of going in. Now it would cost me just under two pounds, about $3. But even stranger experience was buying a ticket to the school two members of my family had attended. Shakespeare
29、had gone there though 350 years before. It was a good school, but I was fortunate in being sent to a better one. “Better than Shakespeares?“asked an American to whom I had confided. “I dont see how that could be possible, “he had muttered before turning away. I had taken Shakespeare for granted. How
30、ever, in my current tourist status, that would have to be changed. Respect was called for. I must learn to refer to him as the hard, and not as Will in the familiar way, and never a “Willie-the-Shake“, which is the inelegant but customary nickname of some of the younger generation. This was no probl
31、em. Shakespeare worship had been made earlier since my day. Every building with Shakespeare connections was preserved. An inclusive ticket enabled holders to see them all. When several Americans whom I had run into asked me to show them around, I readily agreed. 1 【正确答案】 A 2 【正确答案】 C 3 【正确答案】 B 4 【正
32、确答案】 B Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第一段指出大峡谷的形成是由于缓慢有序的侵蚀形成的；第二段又说几 百万年前大峡谷一带还是平面的，后来被逐渐侵蚀；第三段说由于地面降起，便有了高原河流，也有了著名的大峡谷；最后一段又进一步说明了大峡谷的进一步形成是由于力的作用。因而本篇讨论的是形成大峡谷的各
33、种力。故选 B。 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本章开始说 “站在大峡谷的边缘，放眼望着地球表面上的巨大豁口，游客可能认为峡谷是由于古代地动形成的。 ”可见作者在这里将大峡谷暗喻成伤口。故选 C。 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第三段倒数第二句话说 “然后，新的河流开始切割出最后成为大峡谷的长达 277英里的壕沟来 ”，因而本篇作者认为大峡谷长 227英里，故选 B。 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 最后一段 “从那以后，大峡谷的形成日积月累，除了河流的侵蚀作用外，还有其他因素，如冷热、雨雪以及岩石的各种阻力增加了侵蚀的可能性。大峡谷壁面塌落，河流获得了切割工具。成吨的碎石和从
34、高原上流下的雨水产生的支流切割峡谷壁，又逐步侵蚀到高原，峡谷边暴露出新的岩石，而侵蚀仍在继续 ”。可见应选 A。 9 【正确答案 】 C 【试题解析】 从文章内容上可以看出本篇不是天文学、植物学，也不是化学，而是地质学方面的内容。因而选 C。 Part B Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 10 【正确答案】 A 11 【正确答案】 F 12 【正确答案】 C 13 【正确 答案】 G 14 【正确答案】 E
