1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 103及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 All international chain schools teach many different languages. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 2
2、 One of the advantages of chain schools is that they are famous all over the world. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 3 The success of chain schools is to some extent because of the marketing and advertising. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 4 Chains dont produce their own course book material. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 5 All ch
3、ains can offer students the same type of course in different places. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 6 Students can enjoy a simple booking and enrolment procedure in some chains. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 7 Chain schools often change their locations. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 8 Studying in an English-speaking country is
4、 a very effective way to learn English. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 9 Chains dont offer students the chance to pursue their study . from one country to another. （ A） True （ B） Fasle 10 Chains make learning flexible. （ A） True （ B） Fasle Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must
5、 answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What does the speaker suggest that the students should do during the term? （ A） Consult with her frequently. （ B） Use the computer regularly. （ C） Occupy the computer early. （ D） Wait for ones turn patiently. 1
6、2 What service must be paid for? （ A） Computer classes. （ B） Training sessions. （ C） Laser printing. （ D） Package borrowing. 13 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Computer lab services. （ B） College library facilities. （ C） The use of micro-computers. （ D） Printouts from the laser printer. 14 Accor
7、ding to the woman, what governs the clothes we wear? （ A） A desire to express oneself and show ones wealth. （ B） Individual taste and love for beauty. （ C） Love for beauty and a desire to impress other people. （ D） Individual taste and a desire to express oneself. 15 Judging by the extraordinarily w
8、arm clothes some people wear, what might we learn about them? （ A） They may be homesick and feel insecure. （ B） They are either cold or very sick. （ C） They may try to attract other peoples attention. （ D） They want to protect themselves from physical injuries. 16 What is the relationship between th
9、e man and the woman in the dialogue? （ A） Reporter and fashion designer. （ B） Husband and wife. （ C） Shop assistant and customer. （ D） Teacher and student. 17 Where can the expression “lame duck“ be heard? （ A） Only among hunters. （ B） Among primary school pupils. （ C） Among beautiful ladies. （ D） A
10、mong people who are discussing politics. 18 Which of the following can be called as a “lame duck“ ? （ A） A disabled little child. （ B） A hard-working farmer. （ C） A politician who has to come to the end of his power. （ D） An absent-minded old professor. 19 When did this expression come into the Amer
11、ican Language? （ A） Some time after the Civil War. （ B） During the Second World War. （ C） When president George Bush was in office. （ D） During the period of Independence War. 20 According to another explanation, where did this expression probably come from? （ A） Australia. （ B） Japan. （ C） Netherla
12、nd. （ D） England. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions
13、 21-30. 21 When did Dr. Huber get his own telescope? 22 Where was the interview conducted? 23 What were the two things that interested Dr. Huber? 24 When did Dr. Huber become interested in piano? 25 Whats the common misconception about art and science? 26 What do the study of science and the study o
14、f art require? 27 Who do not probably notice the beauty of theoretical physics? 28 What job did Dr. Huber compare physics to? 29 What does Dr. Huber think accomplish the same objective? 30 What does Dr. Huber compare the universe to? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the fol
15、lowing text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 Pollution is a “dirty“ word. To pollute means to contaminate topsoil or something by introducing impurities which make【 31】 _unfit or unclean to use. Pollution comes in many forms. We se
16、e it, smell it, 【 32】 _it, drink it, and stumble through it. We literally lived in and breathe pollution, and【 33】 _surprisingly, it is beginning to【 34】 _our health, our happiness, and our civilization. Once we thought of pollution【 35】 _ meaning simply the smog the choking, stinging, dirty【 36】 _t
17、hat hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is【 37】_the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several【 38】_attack the most basic life functions. Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the land, 【 39】_the wildlife. By【 40】 _sewage and chemicals into r
18、ivers and lakes, we have contaminated our【 41】 _water. We are polluting the oceans, too, killing the fish and【 42】 _depriving ourselves【 43】 _an invaluable food supply. Part of the problem is our exploding【 44】 _ . More and more people are producing more wastes. But this problem is intensified by ou
19、r “throw-away“ technology. Each year Americans【 45】 _of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is no longer wise to【 46】 _anything. Today almost everything is disposable.
20、【 47】 _of repairing a toaster or a radio, it is easier and cheaper to buy another one and discard the old, even【 48】 _95 percent of its parts may still be functioning. Baby diapers, which used to be made of reusable cloth, are now paper throw away. Soon we will wear clothing made of【 49】 _: “Wear it
21、 once and throw it away“ will be the slogan of the fashionable consciousness. Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem?【 50】 _, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively ingenious. Part A Directions:
22、Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Today TV audiences all over the world are accustomed to the sight of American astronauts in tip-top condition, with fair hair, crew-cuts, good teeth, an uncomplica
23、ted sense of humour and a severely limited non-technical vocabulary. What marks out an astronaut from his earthbound fellow human beings is something of a difficult problem. Should you wish to interview him, you must apply beforehand, and you must be prepared for a longish wait, even if your applica
24、tion meets with success. It is, in any case, out of the question to interview an astronaut about his family life or personal activities, because all the astronauts have contracts with an American magazine under conditions forbidding any unauthorized disclosures about their private lives. Certain obv
25、ious qualities are needed. Anyone who would be a spaceman must be in perfect health, must have powers of concentration(since work inside a spacecraft is exceptionally demanding)and must have considerable courage. Again, space-work calls for dedication. Courage and dedication are particularly essenti
26、al. In the well-known case of the Challenger seven crew members lost their lives in space because of the faulty equipment in the shuttle. Another must be outstanding scientific expertise. It goes without saying that they all have to have professional aeronautical qualifications and experience. A str
27、iking feature of the astronauts is their ages. For the younger man, in his twenties, say, space is out. Only one of the fifty men working for NASA in 1970 was under 30. The oldest astronaut to date is Alan Shepard, Americas first man in space, who, at nearly fifty, was also the man who captained Apo
28、llo 13. The average age is the late thirties. The crew members of Apollo 11 were all born well before the Second World War. In 1986 the Challenger astronauts had an average age of 39. The range was from 35 to 46. In a society where marital continuity is not always exhibited, the astronauts record in
29、 this respect hits you in the eye. Of all the married men in NASA group, only two or three are divorced from their wives. Mind you, it is hard to tell whether something in the basic character of an astronaut encourages fidelity or whether the selection process demands that a candidate should be happ
30、ily married. The NASA astronauts live in unattractive small communities dotted here and there around the base in Texas. You would expect them to find their friends from among their professional associates, but this is not the case. Rather, they prefer to make friends with the normal folk in their di
31、stricts. Astronauts, like everybody else, must get fed up with talking shop all the time, and whereas they are indeed an elite, their daily life outside work should be as normal as possible, if only for the sake of their families. As for the astronauts political leanings, they seem to be towards the
32、 right. This may be due to the fact that a large proportion of the astronauts have a military background. On the other hand, it could be just coincidence. 51 Details of the private life of an astronaut are hard to come by, because they are_. （ A） his own business and privacy （ B） secrets as far as i
33、nterviews are concerned （ C） the property of an American magazine （ D） the first-rate national confidential information 52 To audience, the typical American astronaut_. （ A） has a limited vocabulary （ B） is a clean-cut, cheerful and frank guy （ C） cant understand a sophisticated joke （ D） is well-bu
34、ilt but rather slow-witted 53 In politics, astronauts are generally_. （ A） democrats （ B） republicans （ C） conservatives （ D） communists 54 The phrase “talking shop“(Line 4, Para. 6)probably means_. （ A） talking about shopping （ B） discussing ones work with colleagues （ C） exchanging personal news （
35、 D） talking with friends in a group 55 Which of the statements is NOT true? （ A） Astronauts have a good job which demands high. （ B） The divorce rate in NASA is very low. （ C） The NASA astronauts mostly find friends from among their work. （ D） There is no younger man in his twenties in the spaceship
36、. 55 Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits of a century-long struggle for the protection of women workers. Even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of s
37、uch laws has been bitter; they are, in practice, more of a curse than a blessing. Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning women s needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After th
38、e Second World War, for example, businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories, thus making room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily or weekly work hours of women conveniently accomplished this. Employers
39、 had only to declare that overtime hours were a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory, and women could be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of “protecting“ their health. By validating such laws when they are challenged by lawsuit
40、s, the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different, less advantageous employment terms for women than for men, thus reducing women s competitiveness on the job market. At the same time, even the most well-intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the rea
41、l needs of women. The lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans that cover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and childbirth. Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecti
42、ng the workers who are actually in the workplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years; manufacturers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex-defined legislation protects the hy
43、pothetical female worker, but has no effect whatever on the safety of any actual employee. The health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism.
44、Protective laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit all employees without discriminating against any. In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislators should recognize that wo
45、men are in the work force to stay, and that their needs good health care, a decent wage, and a safe workplace are the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate women s rights for equal protection in employment. 56 According to the author, which of the following resulted from the pas
46、sage or revival of state laws limiting the work hours of women workers? （ A） Women workers were compelled to leave their jobs in factories. （ B） Many employers had difficulty in providing jobs for returning veterans. （ C） Many employers found it hard to attract women workers. （ D） The health of most
47、 women factory workers improved. 57 According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women? （ A） A comparative study of patterns of work-related illnesses in states tha
48、t had such laws and in states that did not. （ B） An estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such laws. （ C） An analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such laws. （ D） An examination of the actual effects that such laws have had in the past on women workers. 58 The main point o
49、f the passage is that special protective labor laws for women workers are_. （ A） unnecessary because most workers are well protected by existing labor laws （ B） harmful to the economic interests of women workers while offering them little or no actual protection （ C） not worth preserving even though they do represent a hardwon legacy of the labor movement （ D） controversial because male workers receive less protection than they require 59 The aut
