1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 111及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 How old is the e
3、arliest surviving examples of Chinese printing? （ A） It was produced before AD 400. （ B） It was produced before AD 200. （ C） It was produced before AD 100. （ D） It was produced before AD 50. 12 In what way is the “flexo“ process considered better than standard printing? （ A） The newspapers remain th
4、in and flexible. （ B） The presses can print larger sheets of paper. （ C） The ink is fast drying and clear. （ D） The ink can be changed and retested. 13 According to the speaker, what is a disadvantage of the “flexo“ process? （ A） Presses may get clogged with ink. （ B） Papers get smudged with old ink
5、. （ C） Reporters prefer the standard method. （ D） Machines may need to be oiled daily. 14 Where was the woman at lunchtime? （ A） Giving a lecture. （ B） Discussing political science. （ C） Working on a science problem. （ D） Reading twentieth-century literature. 15 How do the students demonstrate that
6、they really enjoy professor Howls classes? （ A） They complete all their assignments. （ B） They study hard for his tests. （ C） They compete for the best seats in the class. （ D） They read all his books. 16 Which of the following best describes Prof. Howls relationship with his students? （ A） Controve
7、rsial. （ B） Impersonal. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Cooperative. 17 Why is Griffith often called The Father of the Motion Picture? （ A） He used long shots in motion-picture production. （ B） He first used the technique of close-ups in his films. （ C） He produced the earliest film in the world. （ D） He est
8、ablished a new standard for motion-picture production. 18 What kind of motion picture camera shot was generally used in the early film? （ A） Close-up shots. （ B） Full shots. （ C） Long shots. （ D） Action shots. 19 When was After Many Years produced? （ A） 1899. （ B） 1903. （ C） 1907. （ D） 1910. 20 Why
9、was the close-up of Annie Lee followed by a shot of Annies husband? （ A） To shock Griffiths contemporaries. （ B） To show who Annie Lee was thinking about. （ C） To indicate when Annie Lees husband would return. （ D） To avoid criticism of the close-up shot. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As
10、you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Direction
11、s: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 “Down-to-earth“ means someone or something that is honest, realistic and easy to deal with. It is a pleasure to (31) _ someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-t
12、o-earth is easy to talk (32) _ and accepts other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the (33) _ of someone who acts important or proud. Down-to-earth persons may be (34) _ members of society, of course. But they do not let their importance“ (35) _to their heads. “They do not consider th
13、emselves to be better persons than (36) _ of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, (37) without cause, is said to have “his nose in the air. “ There is (38) _ way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth. Americans (39) _ another expression that mean
14、s almost the same as “down-to-earth. “ The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground. “ Someone (40) _both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good understanding (41) _ reality. He has what is called “common sense. “ He may have dreams, (42) _ he does not allow them to block his knowledge of (43) _ i
15、s real. The opposite kind of (44) is one who has his “head-in-the- clouds. “ A man with his head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer (45)_ mind is not in the real world. (46) _, such a dreamer can be brought back to earth. Sharp words from teacher can usually (47) _a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. Usual
16、ly, the person who is down-to-earth is very (48) _ to have both feet on the ground. (49) _ we have both our feet on the ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly (50) _ others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong. Part A Directions: Read the following texts a
17、nd answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Car makers have long used sex to sell their products. Recently, however, both BMW and Renault have based their latest European marketing campaigns around the icon of modern biology. BMWs ca
18、mpaign, which launches its new 3-series sports saloon in Britain and Ireland, shows the new creation and four of its earlier versions zigzagging around a landscape made up of giant DNA sequences, with a brief explanation that DNA is the molecule responsible for the inheritance of such features as st
19、rength, power and intelligence. The Renault offering, which promotes its existing Laguna model, employs evolutionary theory even more explicitly. The companys television commercials intersperse clips of the car with scenes from a lecture by Steve Jones, a professor of genetics at University College
20、London. BMWs campaign is intended to convey the idea of development allied to heritage. The latest product, in other words, should be viewed as the new and improved scion of a long line of good cars. Renaults message is more subtle. It is that evolution works by gradual improvements rather than sudd
21、en leaps (in this, Renault is aligning itself with biological orthodoxy). So, although the new car in the advertisement may look like the old one, the external form conceals a number of significant changes to the engine. While these alterations are almost invisible to the average driver, Renault hop
22、es they will improve the cars performance, and ultimately its survival in the marketplace. Whether they actually do so will depend, in part, on whether marketeers have read the public mood correctly. For, even if genetics really does offer a useful metaphor for automobiles, employing it in advertisi
23、ng is not without its dangers. That is because DNAs public image is ambiguous. In one context, people may see it as the cornerstone of modern medical progress. In another, it will bring to mind such controversial issues as abortion, genetically modified foodstuffs, and the sinister subject of eugeni
24、cs. Car makers are probably standing on safer ground than biologists. But even they can make mistakes. Though it would not be obvious to the casual observer, some of the DNA which features in BMWs ads for its nice, new car once belonged to a woolly mammoth a beast that has been extinct for 10, 000 y
25、ears. Not, presumably, quite the message that the marketing department was trying to convey. 51 The campaign staged by both BMW and Renault are to promote （ A） cars produced with brand-new technologies. （ B） cars modeled on DNA technology. （ C） cars which are improvements on the old ones. （ D） cars
26、which have been face-lifted but otherwise remain little changed. 52 The difference between BMWs campaign and Renaults campaign is that （ A） BMWs campaign employs the metaphor of DNA while Renaults doesnt. （ B） BMWs campaign emphasizes technological revolution while Renaults emphasizes technological
27、evolution. （ C） BMWs campaign conveys improvement more explicitly than Renaults. （ D） BMWs campaign is a lot more expensive than Renaults. 53 It can be inferred that biological orthodoxy favors （ A） no change. （ B） gradual change. （ C） great change. （ D） destruction. 54 According to the author, the
28、success of the campaigns may depend on （ A） public perceptions of DNA. （ B） the explicitness with which DNA is incorporated into the campaigns. （ C） advances in genetic research. （ D） the affordability on the part of customers. 55 BMWs campaign has mistakenly conveyed the idea of （ A） revolution. （
29、B） extinction. （ C） poverty. （ D） stagnation. 55 It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States. Americans divide these areas somewhat rigidly into spirit and flesh, the two being in opposition
30、in the life of a human being. Ideally spirit should prevail but all too often it is the flesh that does prevail. The Japanese make no such division, at least between one as good and the other as evil. They believe that a person has two souls, each necessary. One is the “gentle“ soul, the other is th
31、e “rough“ soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul. Sometimes he must use his rough soul. He does not favor his gentle soul, neither does he fight his rough soul. Human nature in itself is good, Japanese philosophers insist, and a human being does not need to fight any part of himself. He has
32、 only to learn how to use each soul properly at the appropriate times. Virtue for the Japanese consists in fulfilling ones obligations to others. Happy endings, either in life or in fiction, are neither necessary nor expected, since the fulfillment of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the t
33、ragedy it inflicts. And duty includes a persons obligations to those who have conferred benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor. He develops through this double sense of duty a self discipline which is at once permissive and rigid, depending upon the area in which it is functionin
34、g. The process of acquiring this self-discipline begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth. Early is the Japanese child given his own identity! If I were to define in a word the attitude of the Japanese toward their children I would put it in one succinct word-“ respect“. Love? Yes
35、, abundance of love, warmly expressed from the moment he is put to his mothers breast. For mother and child this nursing of her child is important psychologically. Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowed at the right moment, an inexpensive toy. As the time comes to enter school, however, disci
36、pline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is the greatest shame for the child. What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It lies, I think, in the fact that the aim or all teaching is the establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over, and continually practiced until o
37、bedience becomes instinctive. This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand is gentle at first and tempered to the childs tender age. It is no less gentle as time goes on. but certainly it is increasingly inexorab
38、le. Now, far away from that warm Japanese home, I reflect upon what 1 learned there. What, I wonder, will take the place of the web of love and discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan? 56 The authors purpose in the passage is to_. （ A） discu
39、ss the virtue of the Japanese people （ B） compare the two souls of people （ C） describe the process of acquiring self-discipline （ D） reflect the moral feeling and standards of the Japanese people 57 According to the passage, people in Japan believe that a child is born_. （ A） with two souls which a
40、re fighting with each other （ B） basically good （ C） evil （ D） sinful 58 Based on the information in the passage, what does the Japanese emphasize in the teaching of self-discipline? （ A） One s duty. （ B） One s honour. （ C） One s permission. （ D） The two souls. 59 The author mentioned all of the fol
41、lowing EXCEPT_. （ A） the Japanese attitude toward their children （ B） the virtue of the Japanese people （ C） the purpose of the teaching of self-discipline （ D） the obligation of the American people 60 Which of the following about the Japanese aim of existence can be inferred from the passage? （ A）
42、To live a happy life. （ B） To have a satisfactory job. （ C） To get promoted in work. （ D） To fulfill ones duty. 60 Human relations have commanded peoples attention from early times. The ways of people have been recorded in innumerable myths, folk, tales, novels, poems, plays, and popular or philosop
43、hical essays. Although the full significance of a human relationship may not be directly evident, the complexity of feelings and actions that can be understood at a glance is surprisingly great. For this reason psychology holds a unique position among the sciences. “Intuitive“ knowledge may be remar
44、kably penetrating and can significantly help us under-stand human behavior, whereas in the physical sciences such commonsense knowledge is relatively primitive. If we erased all knowledge of scientific physics from our modern world, not only would we not have cars and television sets, we might even
45、find that the ordinary person was unable to cope with the fundamental mechanical problems of pulleys and levers. On the other hand, if we removed all knowledge of scientific psychology from our world, problems in interpersonal relations might easily be coped with and solved much as before. We would
46、still “know“ how to avoid doing something asked of us and how to get someone to agree with us; we would still “know“ when someone was angry and when someone was pleased. One could even offer sensible explanations for the “whys“ of much of the selfs behavior and feelings. In other words, the ordinary
47、 person has a great and profound understanding of the self and of other people which, though unformulated or only vaguely conceived enables one to interact with others in more or less adaptive ways. Khler, in referring to the lack of great discoveries in psychology as compared with physics, accounts
48、 for this by saying that “people were acquainted with practically all territories of mental life a long time before the founding of scientific psychology. “ Paradoxically, with all this natural, intuitive, commonsense capacity to grasp human relations, the science of human relations has been one of
49、the last to develop. Different explanations of this paradox have been suggested. One is that science would destroy the vain and pleasing illusions people have about themselves; but we might ask why people have always loved to read pessimistic, debunking writings, from Ecclesiastes to Freud. It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively, there has been less incentive for studying them scientifically; why shoul
