1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 116及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Why did Jim thin
3、k that Joyce might be changing her name? （ A） He thought that she was planning to get married. （ B） He thought that she didnt like her name. （ C） He thought that she was not a relative of the Armstrongs. （ D） He thought that she would change to name after her mother. 12 What is the first name of the
4、 man with the horn-rimmed glasses? （ A） Armstrong. （ B） Jim. （ C） Joseph. （ D） The dialog doesnt say what it is. 13 Why did Jim leave Joyce before they had finished their conversation? （ A） He wanted to meet the young girls who were screaming. （ B） He saw someone else he had to talk to. （ C） He woul
5、d like to go and get something to drink. （ D） He was responsible for looking after the little boy who was all dressed up. 14 Which of the following about pickpocketing is NOT true? （ A） It is a fast increasing crime. （ B） Its methods are improving. （ C） Nobody is safe from a veteran pickpocket. （ D）
6、 There are about 4, 000, 000 victims every year. 15 What was probably the reason for discontinuing to hang a pickpocket in the 18th century? （ A） Hanging was a useless warning. （ B） It was too cruel and violent. （ C） Too many people watched the practice. （ D） Other pickpockets were only spectators.
7、16 Where is the least likely place for pickpocketing? （ A） Banks and supermarkets. （ B） Train and bus stations. （ C） Post offices and hospitals. （ D） Elevators and airports. 17 The result of the boycott organized by Dr. King was that （ A） the bus company almost went broken. （ B） blacks refused to si
8、t at the back of the public vehicles. （ C） many shops had no customers. （ D） the economic situation suddenly became very bad in the country. 18 The United States Supreme Court made a decision and so the bus company （ A） hired many blacks to drivers. （ B） allowed blacks to sit wherever they wanted to
9、 on the bus. （ C） reduced bus fare. （ D） allowed blacks to sit only at the back of the bus. 19 Did the nonviolent method win over some sympathizers? （ A） No, because people did not believe this method would work. （ B） Yes, many whites took part in the boycott in 1955. （ C） Yes, people all over the w
10、orld participated in the civil rights march in Washington, D. C. （ D） Yes, some whites joined blacks in demonstrations. 20 The protests called to the attention of Americans that （ A） the white and the black have been treated unfairly. （ B） the white and the black should be treated differently. （ C）
11、the white and the black should not be treated differently. （ D） the white and the black have been treated the same. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the
12、space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 An economis
13、t is someone who knows a lot about how goods and wealth are produced and used. Food, for (31)_, is a kind of goods. Everyone eats food, but the average person does not think much (32) _ all the things that must happen before (33) _ appears on his plate. Another example is the paper this article is p
14、rinted on. (34) started as wood on a tree very far from (35)_. Men and machines made the wood (36) _paper, which had to be packaged and carried (37) _ trucks and put into stores. At every step in the process people had to be paid for their work; money had to (38) _used for buying and repairing the m
15、achines, and so on. Of course, everyone (39)_had to make (40) _, too. Even a very simple thing (41) _a piece of paper has a long story (42) _ it. Economists try to understand how all the parts of the long story are related. (43) _ economist learns how to guess (44) _ will happen in the future, as (4
16、5) _ as goods and prices are concerned. If fruit growers in Florida lose part of their crops (46) _ of bad weather this month, what will happen to the (47)_ of oranges in New York two months from (48) _? If banks charge higher interest (49) _ loans to builders, how will that affect the cost of a new
17、 home? These are just a few of the questions economists learn how to (50) _. Would you like to be an economist? Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 While its true that just about e
18、very cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason. The last thing you want is for your brain cells to start producing stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to t
19、urn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells havent begun to specialize. Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells brain cells in Alzheimers, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic
20、 cells in diabetes, to name a few. If doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to
21、 grow into neural, muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations. But if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, which is really
22、just the other side of the coin. True cloning, as first shown with Dolly the sheep two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged
23、 animal, genetically identical to its parent. For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows wh
24、at Ian Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year. Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undevelo
25、ped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a tree “miracle cure“. 51 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） the cloning technology （ B） types of body c
26、ells （ C） stem cells （ D） methods of growing body tissues 52 The reason a nose is not likely to turn into a kidney is that_ （ A） cells in the nose do not contain instructions （ B） a nose does not contain brain cells （ C） instructions in a nose cell are inactivated （ D） the stem cells have not been s
27、pecialized 53 When stem cells specialize, they_. （ A） grow into body parts （ B） are destroyed （ C） are set back to a pristine state （ D） turn nose into kidney 54 The phrase “biological carbon copies“ (para. 4) refers to_. （ A） physical characteristics of real market value （ B） body tissues （ C） clon
28、ed animals （ D） stem cells 55 The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements? （ A） Human cloning is a technical impossibility. （ B） Human cloning may cause ethical concerns. （ C） Cloning contributes to understanding of stem cells. （ D） The potential medical values of cloni
29、ng have been exaggerated. 55 Hotels were among the earliest facilities that bound the United States together. They were both creatures and creators of communities, as well as symptoms of the frenetic quest for community. Even in the first part of the nineteenth century, Americans were already formin
30、g the habit of gathering from all corners of the nation for both public and private, business and pleasure purposes. Conventions were the new occasions, and hotels were distinctively American facilities making conventions possible. The first national convention of a major party to choose a candidate
31、 for President (that of the National Republican Party, which met on December 12, 1831, and nominated Henry Clay for President) was held in Baltimore, at a hotel that was then reputed to be the best in the country. The presence in Baltimore of Barnums City Hotel, a six-story building with two hundred
32、 apartments, helps explain why many other early national political conventions were held there. In the longer nm, too, American hotels made other national conventions not only possible but pleasant and convivial. The growing custom of regularly assembling from afar the representatives of all kinds o
33、f groups not only for political conventions, but also for commercial, professional, learned, and avocational ones in turn supported the multiplying hotels. By mid-twentieth century, conventions accounted for over a third of the yearly room occupancy of all hotels in the nation; about eighteen thousa
34、nd different conventions were held annually with a total attendance of about ten million persons. Nineteenth-century American hotelkeepers, who were no longer the genial, deferential “hosts“of the eighteenth-century European inn, became leading citizens. Holding a large stake in the community, they
35、exercised power to make it prosper. As owners or managers of the local “palace of the public“, they were makers and shapers of a principal community attraction. Travelers from abroad were mildly shocked by this high social position. 56 The word “bound“ in line 1 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） led （
36、 B） protected （ C） tied （ D） strengthened 57 The National Republican Party is mentioned in line 7 as an example of a group_. （ A） from Baltimore （ B） of learned people （ C） owning a hotel （ D） holding a convention 58 The word “assembling“ in line 13 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） announcing （ B） mo
37、tivating （ C） gathering （ D） contracting 59 It can be inferred from the passage that early hotelkeepers in the United States were （ A） active politicians （ B） European immigrants （ C） professional builders （ D） influential citizens 60 Which of the following statements about early American hotels is
38、NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Travelers from abroad did not enjoy staying in them. （ B） Conventions were held in them. （ C） People used them for both business and pleasure. （ D） They were important to the community. 60 The concept of obtaining fresh water from icebergs that are towed to populat
39、ed regions of the world was once treated as a joke more appropriate to cartoons than real life. But now it is being considered quite seriously by many nations, especially since scientists have warned that the human race will outgrow its fresh water supply faster than it runs out of food. Glaciers ar
40、e a possible source of fresh water that have been overlooked until recently. Three quarters of the Earths fresh water supply is still tied up in glacial ice, a reservoir of untapped fresh water so immense that it could sustain all the rivers of the world for 1, 000 years. Floating on the oceans ever
41、y year are 7, 659 trillion metric tons of ice encased in 10, 000 icebergs that break away from the polar ice caps, more than ninety percent of them from Antarctica. Huge glaciers that stretch over the shallow continental shelf give birth to icebergs throughout the year. Icebergs are not like sea ice
42、, which is formed when the sea itself freezes; rather, they are formed entirely on land, breaking off when glaciers spread over the sea. As they drift away from the polar region, icebergs sometimes move mysteriously in a direction opposite to the wind, pulled by subsurface currents. Because they mel
43、t more slowly than smaller pieces of ice, icebergs have been known to drift as far north as 35 degrees south of the equator in the Atlantic ocean. To corral them and steer them to parts of the world where they are needed would not be too difficult. The difficulty arises in other technical matters, s
44、uch as the prevention of rapid melting in warmer climates and the funneling of fresh water to shore in great volume. But even if the icebergs lost half of their volume in towing, the water they could provide would be far cheaper than that produced by desalination, or removing salt from water. 61 The
45、 main idea of the passage is about_. （ A） the movement of glaciers （ B） icebergs as a source of fresh water （ C） future water shortages （ D） the future of the worlds rivers 62 The word “it“ in line 2 refers to_. （ A） an iceberg that is towed （ B） obtaining fresh water from icebergs （ C） the populati
46、on of arid areas （ D） real life 63 According to the author, most of the worlds fresh water is to be found in_. （ A） oceans （ B） rivers （ C） glaciers （ D） reservoirs 64 How are icebergs formed? （ A） They break off from glaciers. （ B） Seawater freezes. （ C） Rivers freeze. （ D） Small pieces of floating
47、 ice converge. 65 The word “desalination“ in the last sentence may mean_. （ A） river freezing （ B） iceberg forming （ C） removing salt from water （ D） iceberg floating Part B Directions: In the following article some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66-70, choose the most suitable paragrap
48、h from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 65 The year 1972 was marked by publication of a controversial book, The Limits to Growth. This study of the worlds future, done by a team of M
49、IT scientists with the aid of computer “mode-is“ of the future of our society, forecast a planetwide disaster unless humankind sharply limits its population growth and consumption of natural resources. Many refused to believe that disaster is possible, probable, inevitable if we dont change our mode of running Spaceship Earth. But science fiction people were neither surprised nor outraged. The study was really old news
