1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 117及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Where is populat
3、ion growth happening? （ A） In all countries in the world. （ B） In only a few countries. （ C） ln most countries. （ D） Mainly in developed countries. 12 Which of the following is true according to the talk? （ A） There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years. （ B） The worlds birth rat
4、e is higher than years ago. （ C） Families are as large as before. （ D） Birth control has been carried out well all over the world. 13 Why may it happen in the future that people working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes? （ A） Because more and more children will be given birth. （ B） Becaus
5、e they will earn more money. （ C） Because they will have higher living standards. （ D） Because the number of retired people will become even larger. 14 Who is the man? （ A） Student advisor. （ B） Course teacher. （ C） Admissions officer. （ D） Department secretary. 15 Which subject does the student say
6、 she was good at? （ A） Computer programming. （ B） Art and design. （ C） Electronics. （ D） Mathematics. 16 What will she most likely do eventually? （ A） Do basic electronics. （ B） Teach English literature. （ C） Produce educational games. （ D） Write computer programs. 17 What is the main topic of this
7、lecture? （ A） Bicycles and cars. （ B） Building codes. （ C） Energy conservation. （ D） New housing construction. 18 Why is insulation required in new houses? （ A） To limit discussion on heating bills. （ B） To prevent heat loss. （ C） To determine the temperature in homes. （ D） To convert homes to elect
8、ric heat. 19 What is the purpose of building new houses facing north or south? （ A） To avoid direct sunlight. （ B） To limit space used. （ C） To keep out the cold. （ D） To conform to other houses. 20 What has the city of Davis provided for bicycle riders? （ A） Special paths. （ B） Resurfaced highways.
9、 （ C） More parking space. （ D） Better street lighting. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. Yo
10、u now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued
11、 credit card. They give their owners automatic (31) _ in stores, restaurants, and hotels, (32)_home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services (33) _as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making (34) possible to withdraw or deposit mone
12、y in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch (35) is open. For many of us the “cashless society“ is not (36) _the horizon its already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for (37) too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than (38)
13、 _ ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and (39)_whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods (40) showing which (41) _ are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or (42) _ goods to suppliers can
14、 then be made. Computers are relied (43) by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to(44) which products to emphasize now, (45)_ to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods (46) _ stock, of raw materials on (47) , and even of t
15、he production process (48) _. Numerous(49) commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of (50)_. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the ques
16、tions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no t
17、wo shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk“. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the s
18、how takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of societys moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other peoples liv
19、es. Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individuals quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know
20、your neighbors. Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word“. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuabl
21、e. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The shows main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with lifes tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of socie
22、ty. These are 18-to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the shows exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circui
23、t for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. 51 Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are （ A） more fam
24、ily-oriented （ B） unusually popular （ C） more profound （ D） relatively formal 52 Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience （ A） remain fascinated by them （ B） are ready to face up to them （ C） remain indifferent to them （ D） are willing to get involved in
25、 them 53 Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show? （ A） A new type of robot. （ B） Racist hatred. （ C） Family budget planning. （ D） Street violence. 54 Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both_. （ A） ironical （ B） sensitive （ C） Constructive （ D）
26、 cynical 55 We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_. （ A） have monopolized the talk show circuit （ B） exploit the weaknesses in human nature （ C） appear at different times of the day （ D） are targeted at different audiences 55 Male lions are rather reticent about expending their energ
27、y in hunting more than three-quarters of kills are made by lionesses. Setting off at dusk on a hunt, the lionesses are in front, tensely scanning ahead, the cubs lag playfully behind, and the males bring up the rear, walking slowly, their heads nodding with each step as if they are bored with the wh
28、ole matter. But slothfulness may have survival value. With lionesses busy hunting, the males function as guards for the cubs, protecting them particularly from hyenas. Hunting lionesses have learnt to take advantage of their environment. Darkness provides them with cover, and at dusk they often wait
29、 near animals they want to kill until their outlines blend into the surroundings. Small prey, such as gazelle, present lions with no problem. They are simply grabbed with the paws, or slapped down and finished off with a bite in the neck. A different technique is used with large animals, such as wil
30、d beast. Usually a lioness pulls her prey down after running up behind it, and then seizes it by the throat, strangling it. Or she may place her mouth over the muzzle of a downed animal, and suffocate it. Lions practice remarkably sophisticated cooperative hunting techniques. Sighting prey, lionesse
31、s usually fan out and stalk closer until one is within striking distance. The startled herd may scatter or blot to one side right into a hidden lioness. Sometimes lionesses surround their quarry. While perhaps three crouch and wait, a fourth may backtrack and then circle far around and approach from
32、 the opposite side, a technique not unknown in human warfare. No obvious signals pass between the lions, other than that they watch one another. A tactic may also be adapted to a particular situation. One pride of lions often pursued prey at the end of narrow strip of land between two streams. Sever
33、al lionesses would sit and wait until gazelle wandered into this natural dead-end. Then they would spread out and advance quite in the open, having learnt that the gazelle would not try to escape by running into the bush beside the river, but would run back the way they had come. A lioness has no tr
34、ouble pulling down an animal of twice her weight. But a buffalo, which may scale a ton, presents problems. One lioness and a young bull battled for an hour and a half, the buffalo whirling around to face the cat with lowered horns whenever she came close. Finally she gave up and allowed him to walk
35、away. But on another occasion, five males came across an old bull. He stood in a swamp, belly-deep in mud and water, safely facing his tormentors on the shore. Suddenly, inexplicably, he plodded towards them, intent it seemed on committing suicide. One lion grabbed his rump, another placed his paws
36、on the bulls back and bit into the flesh. Slowly, without trying to defend himself, the buffalo sank to his knees and, with one lion holding his throat and another his muzzle, died of suffocation. 56 When the lions go out hunting for food, the males usually_. （ A） spend most of its energy guarding t
37、he family （ B） have the task of protecting the young cubs from any attack （ C） help lionesses to strike at and kill the prey （ D） are too lazy to do anything 57 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? （ A） Lions usually come out in the early evening （ B） Male lions often act as
38、 attackers and killers when hunting （ C） Lions do not use the same technique when hunting （ D） Female lions can kill animals twice their own weight 58 Hunting cooperatively, lions would try to catch their prey by_. （ A） seizing its throat first （ B） frightening it to death （ C） fighting single-hande
39、dly （ D） rounding it up first 59 The old buffalo was killed because_. （ A） he decided to commit suicide （ B） he was too old to fight back （ C） there were five lions against him （ D） he left the swamp 60 This passage best answers which of the following questions? （ A） How do lions hunt in the wildern
40、ess? （ B） Why are lions afraid of buffalo? （ C） What is the function of the male lion in the pride? （ D） How intelligent are animals in the cat family? 60 Although social changes in the United States were being wrought throughout most of the nineteenth century, public awareness of the changes increa
41、sed to new levels in the 1890s. The acute, growing public awareness of the social changes that had been taking place for some time was tied to tremendous growth in popular journalism in the late nineteenth century, including growth in quantity and circulation of both magazines and newspapers. These
42、developments, in addition to the continued growth of cities, were significant factors in the transformation of society from one characterized by relatively isolated self-contained communities into an urban, industrial nation. The decade of the 1870s, for example, was a period in which the sheer numb
43、er of newspapers doubled, and by 1880 the New York Graphic had published the first photographic reproduction in a newspaper, portending a dramatic rise in newspaper readership. Between 1882 and 1886 alone, the price of daily newspapers dropped from four cents a copy, to one cent, made possible in pa
44、rt by a great increase in demand. Furthermore, the introduction in 1890 of the first successful lino-type machine promised even further growth. In 1872 only two daily newspapers could claim a circulation of over 100, 000, but by 1892 seven more newspapers exceeded that figure. A world beyond the imm
45、ediate community was rapidly becoming visible. But it was not newspapers alone that were bringing the new awareness to people in the United States in the late nineteenth century. Magazines as they are known today began publication around 1882, and, in fact, the circulation of weekly magazines exceed
46、ed that of newspapers in the period which followed. By 1892, for example, file circulation of the Ladies Home Journal had reached an astounding 700, 000. An increase in book readership also played a significant part in this general trend. For example, Edward Bellamys Utopian novel, Looking Backward
47、, sold over a million copies in 1888, giving rise to the growth of organizations dedicated to the realization of Bellamys vision of the future. The printed word, unquestionably, was intruding on the insulation that had characterized United States society in an earlier period. 61 According to the pas
48、sage, the expansion of popular journalism was linked to_. （ A） changes in the distribution system （ B） a larger supply of paper （ C） an increase in peoples awareness of social changes （ D） greater numbers of journalists 62 According to the passage, the New York Graphics inclusion of photographs cont
49、ributed to_. （ A） the closing of newspapers that did not use photographs （ B） newspapers becoming more expensive （ C） an increase in the number of people reading newspapers （ D） a reduction in the cost of advertising 63 Why was there a drop in the price of daily newspapers between 1882 and 1886? （ A） There was a rise in demand. （ B） Newspapers had fewer pages. （ C） Newspapers contained photographic reproductions. （ D） Magazines began to compete with newspapers. 64 What doe
