1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 118及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What would happe
3、n if you misuse your eyes? （ A） You may feel uncomfortable in various ways. （ B） You may have to wear glasses. （ C） You can let your eyes rest for a while. （ D） You can go and see a doctor. 12 What is said about the best distance between a book and our eyes when reading? （ A） It is 14 inches. （ B） I
4、t is hard to figure out. （ C） It varies from person to person. （ D） It depends on lighting conditions. 13 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Good reading skills. （ B） Diseases related to eyes. （ C） Health guides for students. （ D） Proper eye-use in reading. 14 What are the speakers trying to do? （
5、A） Visit the new restaurant. （ B） Watch a parade. （ C） Have a picnic. （ D） Go to the beach. 15 How does the man feel about the rain? （ A） Excited. （ B） Confused. （ C） Afraid. （ D） Surprised. 16 What will the speakers probably do next? （ A） Go home. （ B） Go to a restaurant. （ C） Unpack the car. （ D）
6、Put a dry blanket under the tree. 17 What memorandum did President William J. Clinton issue? （ A） On enhancing learning and education through technology. （ B） On Federal programs. （ C） On new opportunities that technology provides. （ D） On financial support for life long learning. 18 What actually w
7、as being emphasized by the president? （ A） Tax credits. （ B） Students tuition. （ C） Lifelong learning for Americans. （ D） Success in Americas new economy. 19 In which year, about 40 percent of adults aged 17 and above participated in adult education program? （ A） 1995. （ B） 1996. （ C） 1994. （ D） 199
8、2. 20 How many adults above 16 enrolled in adult education in 1996 ? （ A） Over 50 million. （ B） Over 5 million. （ C） Over 44 million. （ D） Over 4 million. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by wr
9、iting NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your an
10、swers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill(31) _ the nations and that if countries play (32) _ together they will learn to live together. (33) _say that the opposite is true, that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunde
11、rstanding and hatred. There is probably (34) _ truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done (35) _to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was here the tragic (36)_ involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by (3
12、7) _incidents caused principally by minor national contests. One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. (38) _ had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers (39) _ to thefinal decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals
13、 should have been disallowed and that their opponents victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said; “This wasnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished. “ The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result (40) the suspension of the
14、 team for at least three years. The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place (41) _ Russia, after a disputable end to (42) _ contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first (43) _the United States had won, by a single (44) _, but it was announced t
15、hat there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the (45) , and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had (46) _lost any Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hour
16、s (47) _ announcing that the result would (48) _. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals. Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or (49)
17、_non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that (50) aggressive patriotism. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER S
18、HEET 1. 50 The president of a university acts as the institutions chief executive officer. Presidents usually have extensive academic experience as either college or university administrators. In some cases, they may be people of notable achievement outside of academic life. For example, Dwight D. E
19、isenhower served as president of Columbia University in New York City from 1948 to 1950, after commanding the Allied forces in Europe during World War II (1939 1945). He was later elected the 34th president of the United States, in 1952. Presidents of colleges and universities enforce the policies,
20、regulations, and other procedures that govern their institution. They also meet with the board of trustees and make recommendations to the board regarding the government and policies of the school. They appoint and, if necessary, remove other officers of the institution, such as vice presidents or d
21、eans; they approve or disapprove new policies and procedures recommended by the institutions administrative and faculty committees; and they represent the college or university to the general public and to the institutions alumni. Depending on the size of the institution, a college or university wil
22、l appoint a number of vice presidents to assist the president in running the school. The academic vice president is responsible for faculty appointments and dismissals and for approving or revising academic programs. Often the academic vice president is a former dean of a college or other academic d
23、ivision within the institution. The institutions financial and budgetary matters are the responsibility of the vice president for finance. The vice president for student services is responsible for nonacademic matters relating to students, such as operating counseling services, residence halls, and
24、student activities and organizations. The vice president for human resources is responsible for nonfaculty appointments such as the hiring of secretaries and personnel to maintain the grounds and other facilities. The academic deans are the chief executives and administrators of the various colleges
25、 or other academic divisions of an institution. For example, at a large university, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, the College of Education, and the School of Law each have a dean who is appointed by the president or the academic vice president. Frequently, deans have had experience as ch
26、airperson of academic departments in the institution. The responsibilities of deans typically include implementing policies established by the board of trustees and the president; preparing the budgets and overseeing the spending of funds within the academic division; supervising the faculty; recomm
27、ending faculty in their college or school to the academic vice president for appointment, promotion, tenure, or termination; and maintaining or increasing student enrollments in their college or school. 51 Which of the following official ranks is not introduced? （ A） President of the university. （ B
28、） Vice president of the university. （ C） Dean of the college. （ D） Dean of the department. 52 _must have academic achievement in certain subject. （ A） Presidents （ B） Vice presidents （ C） Academic vice presidents （ D） Deans 53 Which of the following statement is true? （ A） Deans are the chief leader
29、s in a university. （ B） Presidents are chief officers in a university. （ C） General Dwight D. Eisenhower was an excellent academic president. （ D） Deans can remove the vice president of an institution. 54 _is not the duty of deans. （ A） Meeting the board of trustees （ B） Supervising the spending of
30、funds within the college （ C） Recommending faculty to academic vice president for promotion （ D） Being charge of the enrollment of students 55 The word “alumni“ (in paragraph 2) means_. （ A） a male former student of a school, college or university （ B） a female former student of a school, college or
31、 university （ C） a former teacher of a school, college or university （ D） a former executive of a college or university 55 How do we measure the economic return to higher education? Typically it is calculated as the difference between average wages of college graduates and those who have not graduat
32、ed from college. In 1997, for example, college graduates earned an average of $40, 508 versus just $ 23, 970 for non-college graduates. Based on these income levels, the economic return to a college education is approximately 69 percent, the difference between the two income levels. But this simple
33、calculation ignores the fact that college graduates tend to come from higher socioeconomic levels, are more highly motivated, and probably have higher IQs than nongraduates. Although these factors influence incomes, they are not the result of college attendance. Therefore the result of the study is
34、an overstatement of the returns to higher education. More sophisticated analyses adjust for these extraneous influences. For instance economists Orley Ashenfelter and Alan Krueger, estimate that each year of post-high school education results in a wage premium of between 15 and 16 percent. Their stu
35、dy is particularly relevant because they examined the earnings differences for identical twins with different education levels, allowing them to control for genetic and socioeconomic factors. Other research puts the wagfe premium for college graduates at nearly 50 per cent. Unfortunately, you cant s
36、pend a college wage premium. Income levels for the average college graduate have stagnated. After adjusting for inflation, the average income of college graduates holding full-time jobs rose by only 4. 4 per cent between 1979 and 1997, or at a minuscule annual rate of 0. 2 percent. At the same time,
37、 workers with only high-school degrees saw their real income plummet by 15 percent. Bottom line: the much-ballyhooed college wage “premium“ is due primarily to the fall in inflation-adjusted salaries of workers who havent been to college. In fact, if you dont go on to graduate school or are not amon
38、g the top graduates at one of the nations elite colleges, chances are your sky-high tuition is buying you no economic advantage whatsoever. In recent decades the flood of graduates has been so great that an increasing proportion have found themselves, within a few years, working as sales clerks, cab
39、 drivers, and in other jobs that do not require a college degree. In 1995, approximately 40 percent of people with some college education and 10 percent of those with a college degree worked at jobs requiring only high-school skills. Thats up from 30 percent and 6 percent, respectively, in 1971. 56
40、The traditional calculation of the economic return to higher education is inaccurate because _. （ A） it doesnt take into account the changing economic situations （ B） it involves small samples （ C） it failed to incorporate some aspects which themselves might have added to the earnings of college gra
41、duates （ D） it does not specify whether non-college graduates have high-school degrees 57 What does the author mean when he says “you cant spend a college wage premium“ (para. 3)? （ A） College graduates tend to stash money away. （ B） The economic returns for college graduates have decreased since 19
42、79. （ C） The economic returns to higher education have not increased very much since 1979. （ D） College graduates could hardly earn enough to pay high living cost. 58 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） The economic return to higher education is lower by the more sophisticated analys
43、es than by traditional methods. （ B） Results of analyses of college premium differ greatly. （ C） Between 1979 and 1997, workers with only high-school degrees saw their real income fall. （ D） Graduates from graduate schools have the same economic returns as those from colleges. 59 According to the la
44、st paragraph, _. （ A） more and more people go to elite colleges （ B） tuition has started to decline （ C） there are too many college graduates （ D） the quality of college education has declined 60 Which of the following is the topic of the passage? （ A） Overestimated college premium. （ B） The payoffs
45、 of college education. （ C） The myths of college education. （ D） The decline of college education. 60 Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition,
46、 television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for reasons of efficiency. According to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information, why do commercials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety o
47、f factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers are skilful at creating the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensit
48、y of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak levels. Other “tricks of the trade“ are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addit
49、ion, the human voice has more auditory impact in the middle frequency ranges. Advertisers electronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants are used, because people are more ware of consonants than vowel sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried.
