1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 121及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Why is it necess
3、ary to give a coin to someone when you give him a present with a sharp edge or point? （ A） To specially celebrate his birthday. （ B） To express some special meaning which you dare not tell directly. （ C） To wish for a long-lasting friendship. （ D） To wish your friend good luck in his life. 12 Is Mol
4、lys uncle a superstitious person? （ A） He wasnt before, but now he has become one. （ B） Yes, he always believes in things which can bring him good or bad luck. （ C） Yes, he always says that its bad luck to walk under a ladder. （ D） No, he isnt, except when referring to walking under a ladder. 13 Acc
5、ording to Mollys grandmother, how many years of bad luck would be brought if she breaks a mirror? （ A） Ten years. （ B） Seven years. （ C） Five year. （ D） Seven weeks. 14 Why do people always spend more money than planned in supermarkets? （ A） The goods are really cheap there. （ B） Supermarkets are at
6、tracting them by all means. （ C） There is something wrong with them. （ D） They have no choices but to spend more. 15 What is considered a good supermarket environment? （ A） One in which you feel relaxed and comfortable. （ B） One that is clean and quiet. （ C） One in which there is background music. （
7、 D） ()ne in which there wide aisle. 16 What is the function of background music? （ A） To cover up the unpleasant noise. （ B） To put people at ease. （ C） To keep people moving. （ D） A,B and C. 17 What is George Orwell mainly known as? （ A） A literary critic. （ B） A war correspondent. （ C） A volunteer
8、 in the Spanish Civil War. （ D） A novelist. 18 Where was George Orwell born? （ A） Spain. （ B） America. （ C） Burma. （ D） India. 19 What is most important in Orwells life? （ A） Although English, he was actually not born in England. （ B） He was a student of the famous English public school, Eton. （ C）
9、He tried to enlighten and change society through his works. （ D） He worked as a policeman in Burma for five years. 20 What are the listeners going to do after the presentation? （ A） To ask the speaker questions. （ B） To discuss “ANIMAL FARM“. （ C） To write essays on Orwells life. （ D） To read the bo
10、ok“1984“. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30.
11、21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automati
12、c (31) _ in stores, restaurants, and hotels, (32)_home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services (33) _as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making (34) possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the
13、local branch (35) is open. For many of us the “cashless society“ is not (36) _the horizon its already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for (37) too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than (38) _ ring up sales. They can keep a wide range
14、of records, including who sold what, when, and (39)_whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods (40) showing which (41) _ are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or (42) _ goods to suppliers can then be made. Computers are relied (43) by m
15、anufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to(44) which products to emphasize now, (45)_ to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods (46) _ stock, of raw materials on (47) , and even of the production process (48) _. Numerous(49) co
16、mmercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of (50)_. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B,
17、C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sou
18、nd level allowed for reasons of efficiency. According to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information, why do commercials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers a
19、re skilful at creating the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound l
20、evels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak levels. Other “tricks of the trade“ are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice has more auditory impact in the m
21、iddle frequency ranges. Advertisers electronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants are used, because people are more ware of consonants than vowel sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercial
22、s with sounds that are highly different from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the type of sounds coming from programming, a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example, notice how many commercials begin with a c
23、heerful song of some type. The attention-getting property of commercials can be seen by observing one-to-two-year-old children who happen to be playing around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However, when a commercial comes on, their attention is immediately drawn to it be
24、cause of its dramatic sound quality. 51 According to the passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials （ A） does not exceed that of programs （ B） is greater than that of programs （ C） varies over a large range than that of programs （ D） is less than that of programs 52 Commercials
25、create the sensation of loudness because_. （ A） TV stations always operate at the highest sound levels （ B） their sound levels are kept around peak levels （ C） their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges （ D） unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range 53
26、 Many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some kind because_. （ A） pop songs attract viewer attention （ B） it can increase their loudness （ C） advertisers want to make them sound different from regular programs （ D） advertisers want to merge music with commercials 54 One of the reasons why com
27、mercials are able to attract viewer attention is that （ A） the human voices in commercials have more auditory impact （ B） people like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound quality （ C） high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary message （ D） they possess sound
28、 qualities that make the viewer feel that something unusual is happening 55 In the passage, the author is trying to tell us_. （ A） how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attention （ B） how the loudness of TV ads is overcome （ C） how advertisers control the sound properties of TV ads （ D） how the at
29、tention-getting properties of sounds are made use of in TV ads 55 Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major element to consider the role of government. Government has a powerful effect on the economy in at least four ways: Direct Services. The
30、 postal system, for example, is a federal system serving the entire nation, as is the large and complex military establishment. Conversely, the construction and maintenance of most highways is the responsibility of the individual states, and the public educational systems, despite a large funding ro
31、le by the federal government, are primarily paid for by county or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation services are also the responsibilities of local government. Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private enterprise in many ways, for the purpose of
32、assuring that business serves the best interests of the people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is granted a monopoly, such as in telephone or electric service, or in other areas where there is limited competition, as with railroads or airlines. Public policy per
33、mits such companies to make a reasonable prof-it, but limits their ability to raise prices unfairly (as defined by the regulators), since the public depends on their services. Often control is exercised to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug Administration bans harmful drugs,
34、or requires standards of quality in food. In other industries, government sets guidelines to ensure fair competition without using direct control. Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government, including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board, attempt to control the extremes of b
35、oom and bust, of inflation and depression, by adjusting tax rates (including regulations pertaining to depreciation), the money supply, and the use of credit. They can also affect the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself. Direct Assistance. The government
36、 provides many kinds of help to businesses and individuals. For example, tariffs permit certain products to remain relatively free of foreign competition; imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to compete better with certain foreign goods. Government also provides aid to farm
37、ers by subsidizing prices they receive for their crops. In quite a different area, government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for themselves, by making grants to working parents with dependent children, by providing medical care for the aged and the indigent, and through social insur
38、ance programs to help the unemployed and retirees. Government also supplies relief for the poor and help for the disabled. 56 Which of the following services is not offered by the federal government? （ A） Postal system. （ B） Military establishment. （ C） Funding the public educational systems. （ D） P
39、olice and fire protection service. 57 The government regulate private enterprises for the main purpose of_. （ A） promoting the growth of the national economy （ B） assuring the business serves the best interests of the people （ C） eliminating unfair competitions （ D） fighting against the competitions
40、 from foreign countries 58 If the US government raises its tariffs, then_. （ A） the American products may get an upper hand in competing with certain foreign goods （ B） the American consumers can buy more cheap foreign-made products （ C） the import volume of US may increase greatly （ D） the domestic
41、 inflation can be eliminated 59 The Food and Drug Administration was established for the purpose of_. （ A） eliminating monopoly （ B） supervising the standards of quality in food （ C） fighting against the governments control （ D） fighting against the foreign competition 60 In telephone or electric se
42、rvice, regulation is necessary because_. （ A） in these areas monopoly has been established （ B） these areas are faced with fierce competitions （ C） these enterprises are inclined to make unfair security （ D） these enterprises concern a lot with the public security 60 It is interesting to reflect for
43、 a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States. Americans divide these areas somewhat rigidly into spirit and flesh, the two being in opposition in the life of a human being. Ideally spirit should prevail but all too often it
44、is the flesh that does prevail. The Japanese make no such division, at least between one as good and the other as evil. They believe that a person has two souls, each necessary. One is the “gentle“ soul, the other is the “rough“ soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul. Sometimes he must use
45、his rough soul. He does not favor his gentle soul, neither does he fight his rough soul. Human nature in itself is good, Japanese philosophers insist, and a human being does not need to fight any part of himself. He has only to learn how to use each soul properly at the appropriate times. Virtue for
46、 the Japanese consists in fulfilling ones obligations to others. Happy endings, either in life or in fiction, are neither necessary nor expected, since the fulfillment of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the tragedy it inflicts. And duty includes a persons obligations to those who have con
47、ferred benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor. He develops through this double sense of duty a self discipline which is at once permissive and rigid, depending upon the area in which it is functioning. The process of acquiring this self-discipline begins in childhood. Indeed, one
48、 may say it begins at birth. Early is the Japanese child given his own identity! If I were to define in a word the attitude of the Japanese toward their children I would put it in one succinct word-“ respect“. Love? Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressed from the moment he is put to his mothers br
49、east. For mother and child this nursing of her child is important psychologically. Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowed at the right moment, an inexpensive toy. As the time comes to enter school, however, discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is the greatest shame for the child. What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It lies, I think, in the fact that the aim or all teaching is the establishment of habit. Rules are repeated ove
