1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 130及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which are not a
3、regular part of the student dorms? （ A） Desks. （ B） Suites. （ C） Kitchens. （ D） Closets. 12 What do the married student apartments not allow? （ A） Children. （ B） Cooking. （ C） Spouses. （ D） Single students. 13 Which of the following is most likely required in Spanish House during some periods? （ A）
4、Spanish nationals. （ B） Spanish majors. （ C） Spanish speaking. （ D） Spanish cooking. 14 What are the speakers trying to do? （ A） Visit the new restaurant. （ B） Watch a parade. （ C） Have a picnic. （ D） Go to the beach. 15 How does the man feel about the rain? （ A） Excited. （ B） Confused. （ C） Afraid.
5、 （ D） Surprised. 16 What will the speakers probably do next? （ A） Go home. （ B） Go to a restaurant. （ C） Unpack the car. （ D） Put a dry blanket under the tree. 17 What role do most people in the manufacturing trades play? （ A） Designers. （ B） Supervisors. （ C） Assistants. （ D） Employees. 18 Which of
6、 the following best characterizes the job of a semiskilled worker? （ A） Repetitive. （ B） Consistent. （ C） Exceptional. （ D） Complicated. 19 How are the working conditions for most manufacturing jobs? （ A） Disgraceful. （ B） Forceful. （ C） Harsh. （ D） Monotonous. 20 Who are responsible for panning and
7、 directing the manufacturing process? （ A） Scientists and engineers. （ B） Management workers. （ C） Technicians. （ D） Public relation workers. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MOR
8、E THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSW
9、ER SHEET 1. 30 An economist is someone who knows a lot about how goods and wealth are produced and used. Food, for (31)_, is a kind of goods. Everyone eats food, but the average person does not think much (32) _ all the things that must happen before (33) _ appears on his plate. Another example is t
10、he paper this article is printed on. (34) started as wood on a tree very far from (35)_. Men and machines made the wood (36) _paper, which had to be packaged and carried (37) _ trucks and put into stores. At every step in the process people had to be paid for their work; money had to (38) _used for
11、buying and repairing the machines, and so on. Of course, everyone (39)_had to make (40) _, too. Even a very simple thing (41) _a piece of paper has a long story (42) _ it. Economists try to understand how all the parts of the long story are related. (43) _ economist learns how to guess (44) _ will h
12、appen in the future, as (45) _ as goods and prices are concerned. If fruit growers in Florida lose part of their crops (46) _ of bad weather this month, what will happen to the (47)_ of oranges in New York two months from (48) _? If banks charge higher interest (49) _ loans to builders, how will tha
13、t affect the cost of a new home? These are just a few of the questions economists learn how to (50) _. Would you like to be an economist? Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Every
14、year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for reasons of efficiency. According
15、to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information, why do commercials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers are skilful at creating the impression of loudness thro
16、ugh their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak leve
17、ls. Other “tricks of the trade“ are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice has more auditory impact in the middle frequency ranges. Advertisers electronically var
18、y voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants are used, because people are more ware of consonants than vowel sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of
19、the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the type of sounds coming from programming, a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example, notice how many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some type. The attention-getting prope
20、rty of commercials can be seen by observing one-to-two-year-old children who happen to be playing around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However, when a commercial comes on, their attention is immediately drawn to it because of its dramatic sound quality. 51 According to t
21、he passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials （ A） does not exceed that of programs （ B） is greater than that of programs （ C） varies over a large range than that of programs （ D） is less than that of programs 52 Commercials create the sensation of loudness because_. （ A） TV sta
22、tions always operate at the highest sound levels （ B） their sound levels are kept around peak levels （ C） their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges （ D） unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range 53 Many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some k
23、ind because_. （ A） pop songs attract viewer attention （ B） it can increase their loudness （ C） advertisers want to make them sound different from regular programs （ D） advertisers want to merge music with commercials 54 One of the reasons why commercials are able to attract viewer attention is that
24、（ A） the human voices in commercials have more auditory impact （ B） people like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound quality （ C） high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary message （ D） they possess sound qualities that make the viewer feel that something un
25、usual is happening 55 In the passage, the author is trying to tell us_. （ A） how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attention （ B） how the loudness of TV ads is overcome （ C） how advertisers control the sound properties of TV ads （ D） how the attention-getting properties of sounds are made use of i
26、n TV ads 55 Car makers have long used sex to sell their products. Recently, however, both BMW and Renault have based their latest European marketing campaigns around the icon of modern biology. BMWs campaign, which launches its new 3-series sports saloon in Britain and Ireland, shows the new creatio
27、n and four of its earlier versions zigzagging around a landscape made up of giant DNA sequences, with a brief explanation that DNA is the molecule responsible for the inheritance of such features as strength, power and intelligence. The Renault offering, which promotes its existing Laguna model, emp
28、loys evolutionary theory even more explicitly. The companys television commercials intersperse clips of the car with scenes from a lecture by Steve Jones, a professor of genetics at University College London. BMWs campaign is intended to convey the idea of development allied to heritage. The latest
29、product, in other words, should be viewed as the new and improved scion of a long line of good cars. Renaults message is more subtle. It is that evolution works by gradual improvements rather than sudden leaps (in this, Renault is aligning itself with biological orthodoxy). So, although the new car
30、in the advertisement may look like the old one, the external form conceals a number of significant changes to the engine. While these alterations are almost invisible to the average driver, Renault hopes they will improve the cars performance, and ultimately its survival in the marketplace. Whether
31、they actually do so will depend, in part, on whether marketeers have read the public mood correctly. For, even if genetics really does offer a useful metaphor for automobiles, employing it in advertising is not without its dangers. That is because DNAs public image is ambiguous. In one context, peop
32、le may see it as the cornerstone of modern medical progress. In another, it will bring to mind such controversial issues as abortion, genetically modified foodstuffs, and the sinister subject of eugenics. Car makers are probably standing on safer ground than biologists. But even they can make mistak
33、es. Though it would not be obvious to the casual observer, some of the DNA which features in BMWs ads for its nice, new car once belonged to a woolly mammoth a beast that has been extinct for 10, 000 years. Not, presumably, quite the message that the marketing department was trying to convey. 56 The
34、 campaign staged by both BMW and Renault are to promote （ A） cars produced with brand-new technologies. （ B） cars modeled on DNA technology. （ C） cars which are improvements on the old ones. （ D） cars which have been face-lifted but otherwise remain little changed. 57 The difference between BMWs cam
35、paign and Renaults campaign is that （ A） BMWs campaign employs the metaphor of DNA while Renaults doesnt. （ B） BMWs campaign emphasizes technological revolution while Renaults emphasizes technological evolution. （ C） BMWs campaign conveys improvement more explicitly than Renaults. （ D） BMWs campaign
36、 is a lot more expensive than Renaults. 58 It can be inferred that biological orthodoxy favors （ A） no change. （ B） gradual change. （ C） great change. （ D） destruction. 59 According to the author, the success of the campaigns may depend on （ A） public perceptions of DNA. （ B） the explicitness with w
37、hich DNA is incorporated into the campaigns. （ C） advances in genetic research. （ D） the affordability on the part of customers. 60 BMWs campaign has mistakenly conveyed the idea of （ A） revolution. （ B） extinction. （ C） poverty. （ D） stagnation. 60 Human relations have commanded peoples attention f
38、rom early times. The ways of people have been recorded in innumerable myths, folk, tales, novels, poems, plays, and popular or philosophical essays. Although the full significance of a human relationship may not be directly evident, the complexity of feelings and actions that can be understood at a
39、glance is surprisingly great. For this reason psychology holds a unique position among the sciences. “Intuitive“ knowledge may be remarkably penetrating and can significantly help us under-stand human behavior, whereas in the physical sciences such commonsense knowledge is relatively primitive. If w
40、e erased all knowledge of scientific physics from our modern world, not only would we not have cars and television sets, we might even find that the ordinary person was unable to cope with the fundamental mechanical problems of pulleys and levers. On the other hand, if we removed all knowledge of sc
41、ientific psychology from our world, problems in interpersonal relations might easily be coped with and solved much as before. We would still “know“ how to avoid doing something asked of us and how to get someone to agree with us; we would still “know“ when someone was angry and when someone was plea
42、sed. One could even offer sensible explanations for the “whys“ of much of the selfs behavior and feelings. In other words, the ordinary person has a great and profound understanding of the self and of other people which, though unformulated or only vaguely conceived enables one to interact with othe
43、rs in more or less adaptive ways. Khler, in referring to the lack of great discoveries in psychology as compared with physics, accounts for this by saying that “people were acquainted with practically all territories of mental life a long time before the founding of scientific psychology. “ Paradoxi
44、cally, with all this natural, intuitive, commonsense capacity to grasp human relations, the science of human relations has been one of the last to develop. Different explanations of this paradox have been suggested. One is that science would destroy the vain and pleasing illusions people have about
45、themselves; but we might ask why people have always loved to read pessimistic, debunking writings, from Ecclesiastes to Freud. It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively, there has been less incentive for studying them scientifically; why should one develop
46、a theory, carry out systematic observations, or make predictions about the obvious? In any case, the field of human relations, with its vast literary documentation but meager, scientific treatment, is in great contrast to the field of physics in which there are relatively few nonscientific books. 61
47、 According to the passage, it has been suggested that the science of human relations was slow to develop because_. （ A） intuitive knowledge of human relations is derived from philosophy （ B） early scientists were more interested in the physical world （ C） scientific studies of human relations appear
48、 to investigate the obvious （ D） the scientific method is difficult to apply to the study of human relations 62 According to the passage, an understanding of the self can be_. （ A） highly biased due to unconscious factors （ B） profound even when vaguely conceived （ C） improved by specialized trainin
49、g （ D） irrelevant for understanding human relations 63 It can be inferred that the author would most likely agree with which of the following statements regarding people who lived before the advent of scientific psychology? （ A） Their understanding of human relations was quite limited. （ B） They were uninterested in acquiring knowledge of the physical world. （ C） They misunderstood others more frequently than do people today. （ D） Their intuitio
