1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 131及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which are not a
3、regular part of the student dorms? （ A） Desks. （ B） Suites. （ C） Kitchens. （ D） Closets. 12 What do the married student apartments not allow? （ A） Children. （ B） Cooking. （ C） Spouses. （ D） Single students. 13 Which of the following is most likely required in Spanish House during some periods? （ A）
4、Spanish nationals. （ B） Spanish majors. （ C） Spanish speaking. （ D） Spanish cooking. 14 Why do people always spend more money than planned in supermarkets? （ A） The goods are really cheap there. （ B） Supermarkets are attracting them by all means. （ C） There is something wrong with them. （ D） They ha
5、ve no choices but to spend more. 15 What is considered a good supermarket environment? （ A） One in which you feel relaxed and comfortable. （ B） One that is clean and quiet. （ C） One in which there is background music. （ D） ()ne in which there wide aisle. 16 What is the function of background music?
6、（ A） To cover up the unpleasant noise. （ B） To put people at ease. （ C） To keep people moving. （ D） A,B and C. 17 Which of the following is NOT included in the news headline? （ A） New traffic rates. （ B） A fire at a downtown restaurant. （ C） A welcome end to the city workers strike. （ D） A final sco
7、re on a basketball game. 18 Who suffered a heavy loss from the fire? （ A） The owner of a restaurant and the adjoining Jones Jewelry Store. （ B） The owner of a jewelry store. （ C） The owner of Citizens bank. （ D） Both the owners of a restaurant and a jewelry store. 19 How much were the employees pays
8、 raised? （ A） Five cents an hour. （ B） Ten cents an hour. （ C） Fifteen cents an hour. （ D） Twenty cents an hour. 20 Who won the Little League city championship? （ A） James Johnson. （ B） King Bush. （ C） Tigers. （ D） Pirates. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions
9、 or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and f
10、ill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 “Down-to-earth“ means someone or something that is honest, realistic and easy to deal with. It is a pleasure to (31) _ someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk (32) _ a
11、nd accepts other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the (33) _ of someone who acts important or proud. Down-to-earth persons may be (34) _ members of society, of course. But they do not let their importance“ (35) _to their heads. “They do not consider themselves to be better persons th
12、an (36) _ of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, (37) without cause, is said to have “his nose in the air. “ There is (38) _ way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth. Americans (39) _ another expression that means almost the same as “down-to-ea
13、rth. “ The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground. “ Someone (40) _both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good understanding (41) _ reality. He has what is called “common sense. “ He may have dreams, (42) _ he does not allow them to block his knowledge of (43) _ is real. The opposite kind of (44
14、) is one who has his “head-in-the- clouds. “ A man with his head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer (45)_ mind is not in the real world. (46) _, such a dreamer can be brought back to earth. Sharp words from teacher can usually (47) _a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. Usually, the person who is down-to-ea
15、rth is very (48) _ to have both feet on the ground. (49) _ we have both our feet on the ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly (50) _ others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which ac
16、company them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 While its true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason. The last thing you want is for your brain cells to sta
17、rt producing stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells havent begun to specialize. Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most di
18、seases involve the death of healthy cells brain cells in Alzheimers, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few. If doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue. It was incredibly d
19、ifficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations. But if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove succ
20、essful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin. True cloning, as first shown with Dolly the sheep two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developm
21、ental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent. For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological
22、carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year. Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emo
23、tionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove
24、to be a tree “miracle cure“. 51 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） the cloning technology （ B） types of body cells （ C） stem cells （ D） methods of growing body tissues 52 The reason a nose is not likely to turn into a kidney is that_ （ A） cells in the nose do not contain instructions （ B） a nose do
25、es not contain brain cells （ C） instructions in a nose cell are inactivated （ D） the stem cells have not been specialized 53 When stem cells specialize, they_. （ A） grow into body parts （ B） are destroyed （ C） are set back to a pristine state （ D） turn nose into kidney 54 The phrase “biological carb
26、on copies“ (para. 4) refers to_. （ A） physical characteristics of real market value （ B） body tissues （ C） cloned animals （ D） stem cells 55 The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements? （ A） Human cloning is a technical impossibility. （ B） Human cloning may cause ethica
27、l concerns. （ C） Cloning contributes to understanding of stem cells. （ D） The potential medical values of cloning have been exaggerated. 55 The success or failure of a case often hinges on an organizing principle known as a case theme. For example, the case theme in the trial of Erik and Lyle Menend
28、ez, two brothers accused of murdering their parents, was “the abuse excuse“. The brothers should be excused because they had been severely abused. A primary case theme of the 0. J. Simpson defense was “the police messed up and planted evidence“. Themes are simple, brief (one sentence!) statements th
29、at capture the essence of your argument. You control the lens through which the facts will be viewed. For a trial lawyer, this is absolutely critical. If the lawyer fails to establish a case theme, he or she gives opposing counsel the advantage. Or even worse, the listeners, or those you are trying
30、to persuade, will adopt the theme suggested to them by your adversary. Whoever controls the definition of the case is inevitably the one with the power. Just as a theme gives the listeners a generalizing principle around which information can be organized, so too does it give you one. The great tria
31、l lawyers emphasize the need for an overall strategy as well as day-to-day tactics. A case theme embodies a lawyers overall strategy in a nutshell and helps him organize the case so that he always stays on target. Use a theme to help you stay well and easily focused on the overall thrust of your pre
32、sentation. A good case theme also greatly enhances your credibility. When you establish a succinct, easy-to-remember theme, you let people know that you have a well-defined and thought-out point of view. Such specificity adds to your perceived competence and trustworthiness. Remember: successful tri
33、al lawyers are never wishy-washy. 56 The case involving two brother killers demonstrates that_. （ A） even murders may be excused sometimes （ B） a well-defined argument can win a difficult case （ C） child abusers should be duly punished （ D） upholding justice is the most important in court 57 The mes
34、sage of this passage is that_. （ A） good lawyers are of critical importance in a lawsuit （ B） legal procedures sometimes may run out of control （ C） murder cases can be manipulated as people wish （ D） a well-defined focusing point is a key to win a case 58 A good case theme can prevent_. （ A） the tr
35、ial lawyer from losing his or her target in defense （ B） the opposing side from forming their case theme （ C） the audience from being easily persuaded （ D） those who have power from controlling the trial 59 An additional merit of a good case theme is that you may_. （ A） get more information （ B） con
36、trol the opposing side （ C） prove your competence （ D） trust the jury and the judge 60 The last word “wishy-washy“ is closest in meaning to_. （ A） indecisive （ B） imaginative （ C） inadequate （ D） illogical 60 Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the f
37、unction of which is partly to refer to things or processes which have no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in expression. Such special dialects, or jargon, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Being universally understood by the devotees of the particula
38、r science or art, they have the precision of a mathematical formula. Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskir
39、ts of the English language than actually within its borders. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts and other occupations, such as farming and fishing, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times, the tech
40、nical vocabulary is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fibre of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally understood than most other te
41、chnicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, and philosophy have also become pretty familiar to cultivated person, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet, every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech
42、. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political sciences and in the mechanic arts. Hence new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of th
43、e new coinages are confined to special discussions and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a closed guild. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, and the cleric associates freely with his fellow creatures, and does
44、not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called popular science makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent-discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talkin
45、g about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy. Thus, our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace. 61 The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to_. （ A） describe a phenomenon （ B） argue about a belief （ C） propose a solution
46、 （ D） stimulate an action 62 By saying that technical terms “on the outskirts of the English language than. “, the writer implies that_. （ A） they are used in the urban areas （ B） they are used in the rural areas （ C） they do not constitute the core of common speech （ D） they are not understood by E
47、nglish farmers 63 When the author refers to professions as no longer being “closed guilds“, he means that （ A） it is much easier to become a professional today than it was in the past （ B） there is more social intercourse between professionals and others （ C） popular science has told her secrets to
48、the world （ D） anyone can now understand anything in a profession 64 It seems that the passage implies_. （ A） the English language is always becoming larger and larger （ B） the words of the English language are always changing （ C） one can never be sure what a word means without consulting an expert
49、 （ D） technical terms in most non-scientific fields have little chance of becoming part of the main body of the language in these scientific days 65 What may be the best title of this passage? （ A） The Benefits of Some Jobs. （ B） Professions and Their Terms. （ C） Different Occupations. （ D） The Development of the English Language. Part B Directions: In the following article some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66-70,
