1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 135及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which of the fol
3、lowing about pickpocketing is NOT true? （ A） It is a fast increasing crime. （ B） Its methods are improving. （ C） Nobody is safe from a veteran pickpocket. （ D） There are about 4, 000, 000 victims every year. 12 What was probably the reason for discontinuing to hang a pickpocket in the 18th century?
4、（ A） Hanging was a useless warning. （ B） It was too cruel and violent. （ C） Too many people watched the practice. （ D） Other pickpockets were only spectators. 13 Where is the least likely place for pickpocketing? （ A） Banks and supermarkets. （ B） Train and bus stations. （ C） Post offices and hospita
5、ls. （ D） Elevators and airports. 14 Whats the topic of the passage? （ A） Reasons for Peoples Sleep （ B） Four Stages of Sleep （ C） Reasons for Sleepwalking （ D） A Sleep Experiment 15 At which stage is sleep called dozing? （ A） stage four （ B） stage three （ C） stage two （ D） stage one 16 What happens
6、during stage four? （ A） People cant sleepwalk. （ B） Your body becomes very relaxed. （ C） You can still be awakened without difficulty. （ D） If you are awakened, you might feel very perplexed. 17 Which of the following is the acceptable table manner in Britain? （ A） You lift your soup bowl to your mo
7、uth. （ B） You make noise when drinking soup. （ C） You shouldnt raise your elbows to your shoulders. （ D） You shouldnt put your hands on the table. 18 Which is considered as a good manner in Mexico? （ A） To put your hands on the table during the meal. （ B） To make noise in eating any kind of food. （
8、C） To eat your meal quickly and clearly. （ D） To put your elbows away from the table. 19 In Arab countries, what is considered very impolite? （ A） Eating with left hand. （ B） Eating with a fork. （ C） Drinking soup noisily. （ D） Talking while eating. 20 Whats the main idea of the passage? （ A） An int
9、roduction of British table manners. （ B） Table manners and enjoyment. （ C） Different countries have different table manners. （ D） The importance and details of table manners. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Q
10、uestions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable
11、 word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 An economist is someone who knows a lot about how goods and wealth are produced and used. Food, for (31)_, is a kind of goods. Everyone eats food, but the average person does not think much (32) _ all the things that must happen before (33) _ appears o
12、n his plate. Another example is the paper this article is printed on. (34) started as wood on a tree very far from (35)_. Men and machines made the wood (36) _paper, which had to be packaged and carried (37) _ trucks and put into stores. At every step in the process people had to be paid for their w
13、ork; money had to (38) _used for buying and repairing the machines, and so on. Of course, everyone (39)_had to make (40) _, too. Even a very simple thing (41) _a piece of paper has a long story (42) _ it. Economists try to understand how all the parts of the long story are related. (43) _ economist
14、learns how to guess (44) _ will happen in the future, as (45) _ as goods and prices are concerned. If fruit growers in Florida lose part of their crops (46) _ of bad weather this month, what will happen to the (47)_ of oranges in New York two months from (48) _? If banks charge higher interest (49)
15、_ loans to builders, how will that affect the cost of a new home? These are just a few of the questions economists learn how to (50) _. Would you like to be an economist? Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your ans
16、wers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for
17、reasons of efficiency. According to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information, why do commercials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers are skilful at creatin
18、g the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials
19、tend to stay at or near peak levels. Other “tricks of the trade“ are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice has more auditory impact in the middle frequency range
20、s. Advertisers electronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants are used, because people are more ware of consonants than vowel sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that ar
21、e highly different from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the type of sounds coming from programming, a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example, notice how many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some
22、type. The attention-getting property of commercials can be seen by observing one-to-two-year-old children who happen to be playing around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However, when a commercial comes on, their attention is immediately drawn to it because of its dramatic
23、 sound quality. 51 According to the passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials （ A） does not exceed that of programs （ B） is greater than that of programs （ C） varies over a large range than that of programs （ D） is less than that of programs 52 Commercials create the sensation
24、of loudness because_. （ A） TV stations always operate at the highest sound levels （ B） their sound levels are kept around peak levels （ C） their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges （ D） unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range 53 Many commercials beg
25、in with a cheerful song of some kind because_. （ A） pop songs attract viewer attention （ B） it can increase their loudness （ C） advertisers want to make them sound different from regular programs （ D） advertisers want to merge music with commercials 54 One of the reasons why commercials are able to
26、attract viewer attention is that （ A） the human voices in commercials have more auditory impact （ B） people like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound quality （ C） high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary message （ D） they possess sound qualities that make
27、the viewer feel that something unusual is happening 55 In the passage, the author is trying to tell us_. （ A） how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attention （ B） how the loudness of TV ads is overcome （ C） how advertisers control the sound properties of TV ads （ D） how the attention-getting prope
28、rties of sounds are made use of in TV ads 55 The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to p
29、revent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it. It seems that only when the government decides it can afford
30、 tax incentives or production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and pro
31、vide leadership to solve environmental problems, that time is now. We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologist, the environmental activists and the
32、 conservationists serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge. We must recognize that environmental health issues do n
33、ot stop at city limits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion.
34、I believe we have a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical in
35、formation in a form that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages. 56 We can infer from
36、 the first two paragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because_. （ A） they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing （ B） they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests （ C） time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it （ D）
37、 it is difficult for them to take effective measures 57 The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is （ A） to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion （ B） to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protection （ C）
38、 to take radical measures to control environmental pollution （ D） to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards 58 The word “tunnel-visioned“(Para 3, Line 2) most probably means_. （ A） narrow-minded （ B） blind to the facts （ C） short-sighted （ D） able to see only one aspect 59
39、Which of the following, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems? （ A） Legislation and government intervention. （ B） The industrys understanding and support. （ C） The efforts of environmental health professionals. （ D） The cooperation of ecologi
40、sts, environmental activists and conservationists. 60 Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph? （ A） Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures. （ B） More money should be spent in order to stop pollution. （ C） Ordinary citizens have no acc
41、ess to technical information on pollution. （ D） Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade. 60 Managers spend a great deal of their time in meetings. According to Henry Mintzberg, in his book, The Nature of Managerial Work, managers in large organizations spend only 22 per c
42、ent of their time on meetings. So what are the managers doing in those meetings? There have conventionally been two answers. The first is the academic version: Managers are coordinating and controlling, making decisions, solving problems and planning. This interpretation has been largely discredited
43、 because it ignores the social and political forces at work in meetings. The second version claims that meetings provide little more than strategic sites for corporate gladiators to perform before the organizational emperors. This perspective is far more attractive, and has given rise to a large, an
44、d often humorous, body of literature on gamesmanship and posturing in meetings. It is, of course, true that meeting rooms serve as shop windows for managerial talent, but this is far from the truth as a whole. The suggestion that meetings are actually battle grounds is misleading since the feelings
45、of meetings has far more to do with comfort than conflict. Meetings are actually vital props, both for the participants and the organization as a whole. For the organization, meetings represent recording devices. The minutes of meetings catalogue the change of the organization, at all levels, in a m
46、ore systematic way than do the assorted memos and directives which are scattered about the company. They enshrine the minutes of corporate history, they itemize proposed actions and outcomes in a way which makes one look like the natural culmination of the other. The whole tenor of the minutes is on
47、e of total premeditation and implied continuity. They are a sanitized version of reality which suggests a reassuring level of control over events. What is more, the minutes record the debating of certain issues in an official and democratic forum, so that those not involved in the process can be ass
48、ured that the decision was not taken lightly. As Dong Bennett, an administrative and financial manager with Allied Breweries, explains: “Time and effort are seen to have been invested in scrutinizing a certain course of action. “ Key individuals are also seen to have put their names behind that part
49、icular course of action. The decision can therefore proceed with the full weight of the organization behind it, even if it actually went through “on the nod“. At the same time, the burden of responsibility is spread, so that no individual takes the blame. Thus, the public nature of formal meetings confers a degree of legitimacy on what happens in them. Having a view pass unchallenged at a meeting can be taken to indicate consensus. However, meetings also s
