1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 145及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Why did the man
3、go to see his doctor? （ A） To find out if he has the flu. （ B） To find out how to maintain a nutritious diet. （ C） To find out how to prevent illness. （ D） To find out the results of a blood test. 12 How does the man describe his health problem? （ A） He gets ill at the same time every year. （ B） He
4、doesnt get enough exercise. （ C） He often has difficulty sleeping. （ D） Hes sick with influenza throughout the winter. 13 Why does the doctor suggest the man get a lot of rest and eat well? （ A） To be ready to have a physical examination. （ B） To increase weight. （ C） To fight off the disease. （ D）
5、To feel well during the new semester. 14 Why did Jim think that Joyce might be changing her name? （ A） He thought that she was planning to get married. （ B） He thought that she didnt like her name. （ C） He thought that she was not a relative of the Armstrongs. （ D） He thought that she would change t
6、o name after her mother. 15 What is the first name of the man with the horn-rimmed glasses? （ A） Armstrong. （ B） Jim. （ C） Joseph. （ D） The dialog doesnt say what it is. 16 Why did Jim leave Joyce before they had finished their conversation? （ A） He wanted to meet the young girls who were screaming.
7、 （ B） He saw someone else he had to talk to. （ C） He would like to go and get something to drink. （ D） He was responsible for looking after the little boy who was all dressed up. 17 Which of the following is NOT included in the news headline? （ A） New traffic rates. （ B） A fire at a downtown restaur
8、ant. （ C） A welcome end to the city workers strike. （ D） A final score on a basketball game. 18 Who suffered a heavy loss from the fire? （ A） The owner of a restaurant and the adjoining Jones Jewelry Store. （ B） The owner of a jewelry store. （ C） The owner of Citizens bank. （ D） Both the owners of a
9、 restaurant and a jewelry store. 19 How much were the employees pays raised? （ A） Five cents an hour. （ B） Ten cents an hour. （ C） Fifteen cents an hour. （ D） Twenty cents an hour. 20 Who won the Little League city championship? （ A） James Johnson. （ B） King Bush. （ C） Tigers. （ D） Pirates. Part C D
10、irections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II U
11、se of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 The most obvious purpose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available products or services. The second (31) _ is to sell the p
12、roduct. The second purpose might be more important to the manufacturers than the(32) _. The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their products. They also try to persuade customers to buy the (33) _ by creating a desire (34) _ it. Because of advertisement, consumers think that they w
13、ant something that they do not need. After buying something, the purchaser cannot always explain why it was (35)_. Even (36) _the purchaser probably does not know why he or she bought something, the manufactures (37) _. Manufacturers have analyzed the business of (38)_ and buying. They know all the
14、different motives that influence a consumers purchase some rational and (39) _ emotional. Furthermore, they take advantage of this (40) _. Why (41) _ so many products displayed at the checkout counters in grocery stores? The store management has some good (42) _. By the time the customer is (43) _ t
15、o pay for a purchase, he or she has already made rational, thought - out decisions (44) _ what he or she needs and wants to buy. The (45) _ feels that he or she has done a good job of choosing the items. The shopper is especially vulnerable at this point. The (46) _ of candy, chewing gum, and magazi
16、nes are very attractive. They persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional, not (47) _ motives. For example, the customer neither needs nor plans to buy candy, but while the customer is standing, waiting to pay money, he or she may suddenly decide to buy (48) _. This is exactly (49) the sto
17、re and the manufacturer hope that the customer will (50) _. The customer follows their plan. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 While its true that just about every cell in the bo
18、dy has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason. The last thing you want is for your brain cells to start producing stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and al
19、l body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells havent begun to specialize. Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells brain cells in Alzheimers, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes,
20、 to name a few. If doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural,
21、muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations. But if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side
22、 of the coin. True cloning, as first shown with Dolly the sheep two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, geneticall
23、y identical to its parent. For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did f
24、or Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year. Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could giv
25、e doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure disease. That could prove to be a tree “miracle cure“. 51 The passage mainly discusses_. （ A） the cloning technology （ B） types of body cells （ C） stem cell
26、s （ D） methods of growing body tissues 52 The reason a nose is not likely to turn into a kidney is that_ （ A） cells in the nose do not contain instructions （ B） a nose does not contain brain cells （ C） instructions in a nose cell are inactivated （ D） the stem cells have not been specialized 53 When
27、stem cells specialize, they_. （ A） grow into body parts （ B） are destroyed （ C） are set back to a pristine state （ D） turn nose into kidney 54 The phrase “biological carbon copies“ (para. 4) refers to_. （ A） physical characteristics of real market value （ B） body tissues （ C） cloned animals （ D） ste
28、m cells 55 The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements? （ A） Human cloning is a technical impossibility. （ B） Human cloning may cause ethical concerns. （ C） Cloning contributes to understanding of stem cells. （ D） The potential medical values of cloning have been exagge
29、rated. 55 A very important world problem in fact, I think it may be most important of all the great world problems which face us at the present time is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on the land. The population of the world today is about 4, 000, 000, 000. That is an enormous number,
30、yet it is known quite accurately, because there are very few parts of the world which have not carried out a modern census. The important thing is not so much the actual population of twenty million about six months increase in world population. Take Australia. There are ten million people in Austra
31、lia. So it takes the world about three months to add to itself a population which peoples that vast country. Let us take our own crowded country, England and Walesforty-five to fifty million people. This is just about a years supply. By this time tomorrow, and every day, there will be added to the e
32、arth about 120. 000 extra people just about the population of the city of York. I am not talking about birth rate. This is net increase. To give you some idea of birth rate, look at the second hand of your watch. Every second, three babies are born somewhere in the world. Another baby! Another baby!
33、 You cannot speak quickly enough to keep up with the birth rate. This enormous increase of population will create immense problems. Unless something terrible happens, there will be as many as 7, 000, 000, 000 people on the surface of the earth! So this is a problem which you are going to see in your
34、 lifetime. 56 The population of the world today is about_. （ A） 400 million （ B） 4 billion （ C） 400 million （ D） 40 billion 57 England and Wales_. （ A） have a bigger population problem than Australia （ B） have the same population increase rate as Australia （ C） have the same number of people as the
35、worlds yearly increase （ D） can supply Australia with a whole years increase of people 58 According to the author, Australia_. （ A） has a population of twenty million （ B） is a vast country that needs a bigger population （ C） constitutes one-fourth of the worlds population increase every year （ D） h
36、as a population that happens to be one-fourth of the yearly world increase 59 The present net increase of world population is_. （ A） 180 per minute （ B） one per second （ C） 120, 000 per week （ D） too many to be counted 60 In the last paragraph, what does the author probably imply by “something terri
37、ble“? （ A） Population explosion. （ B） Land shortage. （ C） Exhaustion of life supply. （ D） Natural disasters or wars. 60 Painting your house is like adding something to a huge communal picture in which the rest of the painting is done either by nature or by other people. The picture is not static; it
38、 changes as we move about, with the time of day, with the seasons, with new planting, new buildings and with alterations to old ones. Any individual house is just a fragment of this picture, nevertheless it has the power to make or mark the overall scene. In the past people used their creative talen
39、ts in painting their homes, with great imagination and in varied but always subtly blending colors. The last vestiges of this great tradition can still be seen in the towns of the extreme west of Ireland. It has never been recognized as an art form, partly because of the physical difficulty of hangi
40、ng a street in a gallery and partly because it is always changing, as paint fades and is renewed. Also it is a communal art which cannot be identified with any person, except in those many cases where great artists of the past found inspiration in ordinary street scenes and recorded them in paint. F
41、ollowing the principles of decoration that were so successful in the past, you should first take a long look at the house and its surroundings and consider possible limitations. The first concerns the amount of color and intensity in the daylight in Britain. Colors that look perfectly in keeping wit
42、h the sunny, clear skies of the Mediterranean would look too harsh in the grayer light of the north. Since bright light is uncomfortable for the eyes, colors must be strong in order to be seen clearly. Viewed in a dimmer light they appear too bright. It is easy to see this if you look at a brick hou
43、se while the sun is alternately shining and then going behind a cloud. The brick work colors look much more intense when the sun is hidden. The second limitation is the colors of the surroundings: the colors which go best with Cotswold stone and a rolling green countryside will be different from tho
44、se that look best by the sea or in a red brick/ blue slate industrial town. In every area there are always colors that at once look in keeping. In many areas there are distinctive traditions in the use of color that may be a useful guide. The eastern countries of England and Scotland, particularly t
45、hose with a local tradition of rendering of plastering, use colors applied solidly over the wall. Usually only the window frames and doors are picked out in another color, often white or pale grey. Typical wall colors are the pink associated with Suffolk and pate buffs. Much stronger colors such as
46、deep earth red, orange, blue and green are also common. In the coastal villages of Essex, as well as inland in Hertfordshire, the house fronts of overlapping boards are traditionally painted black originally tarred like ships with windows and doors outlined in white. In Kent these weather boarded ho
47、uses are usually white. In stone areas of Yorkshire and farther north, color is rare: the houses are usually left in their natural color, though many are painted white as they probably all were once. 61 According to the passage, “painting your house“ in the first sentence refers to_. （ A） making a p
48、icture of your house using paint （ B） putting paint on the outside of your house （ C） painting pictures in your house （ D） painting your rooms 62 The passage suggests that as any individual home is just a fragment of a huge communal picture when you paint your house_. （ A） you should have your own u
49、nique way so as to avoid repetition （ B） you should take into account the fading of colors （ C） you should take general appearance of the area into consideration （ D） you should keep your house in harmony with what have already been painted in the picture 63 Which of the following statements is not the reason why the painting of houses has never been recognized as an art form? （ A） It is a communal piece of work whic
