1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 153及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 All international chain schools teach many different languages. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 2
2、 One of the advantages of chain schools is that they are famous all over the world. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 3 The success of chain schools is to some extent because of their marketing and advertising. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 4 Chains dont produce their own course book material. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 5 All
3、chains can offer students the same type of course in different places. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 6 Students can enjoy a simple booking and enrolment procedure in some chains. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 7 Chain schools often change their locations. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 8 Studying in an English-speaking country
4、is a very effective way to learn English. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 9 Chains dont offer students the chance to pursue their study from one country to another. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 10 Chains make learning flexible. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must
5、 answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which job does the woman suggest to the man? （ A） Baby-sitting. （ B） House-cleaning. （ C） House-sitting. （ D） Mowing the lawn. 12 What/Who should students contact if they want to get a summer job? （ A） The Stud
6、ent Union. （ B） The Student Employment Office. （ C） The Workers Union. （ D） The Student Part-time Job Office. 13 What would happen to a student if his employer reports his improper behavior? （ A） He would be fired. （ B） He would not get his pay. （ C） He would not get another job. （ D） He would be fi
7、ned. 14 What was the cause of the tragedy? （ A） Bad weather. （ B） Human error. （ C） Breakdown of the engines. （ D） Communications system failure. 15 How high are the mountains in Norweija? （ A） Two thousand feet. （ B） Twelve thousand feet. （ C） Twenty thousand feet. （ D） Twenty-two thousand feet. 16
8、 What lesson could be drawn from the accident? （ A） Accurate communication is of utmost importance. （ B） Pilots should be able to speak several foreign languages. （ C） Air controllers should keep a close watch on the weather. （ D） Cooperation between pilots and air controllers is essential. 17 Where
9、 can the expression “lame duck“ be heard? （ A） Only among hunters. （ B） Among primary school pupils. （ C） Among beautiful ladies. （ D） Among people who are discussing politics. 18 Which of the following can be called as a “lame duck“ ? （ A） A disabled little child. （ B） A hard-working farmer. （ C） A
10、 politician who has to come to the end of his power. （ D） An absent-minded old professor. 19 When did this expression come into the American Language? （ A） Some time after the Civil War. （ B） During the Second World War. （ C） When president George Bush was in office. （ D） During the period of Indepe
11、ndence War. 20 According to another explanation, where did this expression probably come from? （ A） Australia. （ B） Japan. （ C） Netherland. （ D） England. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by wri
12、ting NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 Where did rice originate? 22 What kind of grain did most Europeans eat 500 years ago? 23 What kind of grain could be found in American diet 500 years ago
13、? 24 Who gave dairy products to the native Americans? 25 In which year did Columbus take chili pepper to Spain? 26 How long did it take for chili pepper to become popular around the world? 27 Where cant chili pepper grow according to the talk? 28 What did Europeans think of potatoes? 29 What was pot
14、ato used for in Europe at first? 30 In what part of the world is potato especially a favorite food? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 The most obvious pur
15、pose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available products or services. The second【 C1】 _is to sell the product. The second purpose might be more important to the manufacturers than the【 C2】 _. The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their products. They also try to persuad
16、e customers to buy the【 C3】 _by creating a desire【 C4】 _it. Because of advertisement, consumers think that they want something that they do not need. After buying something, the purchaser cannot always explain why it was【 C5】_. Even【 C6】 _the purchaser probably does not know why he or she bought som
17、ething, the manufacturers【 C7】 _. Manufacturers have analyzed the business of【 C8】 _and buying. They know all the different motives that influence a consumer s purchase some rational and【 C9】 _emotional. Furthermore, they take advantage of this【 C10】 _. Why【 C11】 _so many products displayed at the c
18、heckout counters in grocery stores? The store management has some good【 C12】 _. By the time the customer is【 C13】 _to pay for a purchase, he or she has already made rational, thought-out decisions【 C14】 _what he or she needs and wants to buy. The【 C15】_feels that he or she has done a good job of cho
19、osing the items. The shopper is especially vulnerable at this point. The【 C16】 _of candy, chewing gum, and magazines are very attractive. They persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional, not【 C17】 _motives. For example, the customer neither needs nor plans to buy candy, but while the cust
20、omer is standing, waiting to pay money, he or she may suddenly decide to buy【 C18】 _. This is exactly【 C19】 _the store and the manufacturer hope that the customer will【 C20】 _. The customer follows his or her plan. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【
21、 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 45 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 In a three-month period last year, two
22、 Brooklynites had to be cut out of their apartments and carried to hospital on stretchers designed for transporting small whales. The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance(NAAFA)argues that it was not their combined 900kg bulk that made them ill. Obesity, according to NAAFA, is not bad for
23、you. And, even if it was, there is nothing to be done about it, because genes dictate weight. Attempting to eat less merely slows metabolism, having people as chubby as ever. This is the fatlash movement that causes America s slimming industry so much pain. In his book Bin Fat Lies(Ballantine, 19%),
24、 Glenn Gaesser says that no study yet has convincingly shown that weight is an independent cause of health problems. Fatness does not kill people; things like hypertension, coronary heart diseases and cancer do. Michael Fumento, author of The Fat of the Land(Viking, 1997), an anti-fatlash diatribe,
25、compares Dr Gaesser s logic with saying that the guillotine did not kill Louis XVI: Rather, it was the severing of his vertebrae, the cutting of all the blood vessels in his neck, and. the trauma caused by his head dropping several feet into a wicker basket. Being fat kills in several ways. It makes
26、 people far more likely to suffer from heart disease or high blood pressure. Even moderate obesity increases the chance of contracting diabetes. Being 40% overweight makes people 30% 50% more likely to die of cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. Extreme fatness makes patients so much le
27、ss likely to survive surgery that many doctors refuse to operate until they slim. The idea that being overweight is caused by obesity genes is not wholly false: researchers have found a number of genes that appear to make some people burn off energy at a slower rate. But genes are not destiny. The d
28、ifference between someone with a genetic predisposition to gain weight and someone without appears to be roughly 40 calories or a spoonful of mayonnaise a day. An alternative fatlash argument, advanced in books such as Dean Onrush s Eat More, Weight Less(Harper Collies, 1993)and Date Atrens s Don t
29、Diet(William Morrow, 1978), is that fatness is not a matter of eating too much. They note that as Americans weight has ballooned over the last few decades, their reported caloric intake has plunged. This simply explains people s own recollection of how much they eat is extremely unreliable. And as t
30、hey grow fatter, people feel guilty and are more likely to fib about how much they eat. All reputable studies show that eating less and exercising reduce weight. Certainly, the body s metabolism slows a little when you lose weight, because it takes less energy to carry less bulk around, and because
31、dieting can make the body fear it is about to starve. But a sensible low-fat diet makes weight loss possible. The fatlash movement is dangerous, because slimmers will often find any excuse to give up. To tell people that it is healthy to be obese is to encourage them to live sick and die young. 51 T
32、he two Brooklynites in the first paragraph were_. （ A） members of the NAAFA （ B） typical victims of overweight （ C） members of the “fatlash“ movement （ D） proof that the fatlash movement is gaining strength 52 The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance holds that_. （ A） fat people should try
33、 to lose weight （ B） eating less is harmful to people s health （ C） fat people were born that way （ D） obesity is good for people 53 What can be concluded according to the author s view of the “obesity genes“ ? （ A） People with a genetic inclination to gain weight can slim. （ B） People who are born
34、fat will remain that way all life. （ C） All efforts to lose weight will prove fruitless. （ D） Fat people can live a very happy life, too. 54 The word “fib“ in the fourth sentence of Paragraph 5, probably means_. （ A） to tell the truth （ B） to reduce （ C） to increase （ D） to tell a small lie 55 Which
35、 of the following statements is true? （ A） Americans caloric intake has dropped over the last few decades. （ B） Many people who try to lose weight give up half way. （ C） Americans are always aware of how much they eat. （ D） Obesity does no harm to people s health. 55 The issue of online privacy in t
36、he Internet age found new urgency following the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, sparking debate over striking the correct balance between protecting civil liberties and attempting to prevent another tragic terrorist act. While preventing terrorism certainly is of paramount importance, privacy rights sho
37、uld not be deemed irrelevant. In response to the attacks, Congress quickly passed legislation that included provisions expanding rights of investigators to intercept wire, oral and electronic communications of alleged hackers and terrorists. Civil liberties groups expressed concerns over the provisi
38、ons and urged caution in ensuring that efforts to protect our nation do not result in broad government authority to erode privacy rights of U. S. citizens. Nevertheless, causing further concern to civil liberties groups, the Department of Justice proposed exceptions to the attorney-client privilege.
39、 On Oct. 30, Attorney General John Ashcroft approved an interim agency rule that would permit federal prison authorities to monitor wire and electronic communications between lawyers and their clients in federal custody, including those who have been detained but not charged with any crime, whenever
40、 surveillance is deemed necessary to prevent violence or terrorism. In light of this broadening effort to reach into communications that were previously believed to be “off-limits“, the issue of online privacy is now an even more pressing concern. Congress has taken some legislative steps toward ens
41、uring online privacy, including the Children s Online Privacy Protection Act, and provided privacy protections for certain sectors through legislation such as the Financial Services Modernization Act. The legislation passed to date does not, however, provide a statutory scheme for protecting general
42、 online consumer privacy. Lacking definitive federal law, some states passed their own measures. But much of this legislation is incomplete or not enforced. Moreover, it becomes unworkable when states create different privacy standards; the Internet does not know geographic boundaries, and companies
43、 and individuals cannot be expected to comply with differing, and at times conflicting, privacy rules. An analysis earlier this year of 751 U. S. and international Web sites conducted by Consumers International found that most sites collect personal information but fail to tell consumers how that da
44、ta will be used, how security is maintained and what rights consumers have over their own information. At a minimum, Congress should pass legislation requiring Web sites to display privacy policies prominently, inform consumers of the methods employed to collect client data, allow customers to opt o
45、ut of such data collection, and provide customer access to their own data that has already been collected. Although various Internet privacy bills were introduced in the 107th Congress, the focus shifted to expanding government surveillance in the wake of the terrorist attacks. Plainly, government e
46、fforts to prevent terrorism are appropriate. Exactly how these exigent circumstances change the nature of the online privacy debate is still to be seen. 56 Concerning the protection of privacy and increased surveillance of communication, the author seems to insist on_. （ A） the priority of the forme
47、r action （ B） the execution of the latter at the expense of the former （ C） tightening both policies at the same time （ D） a balance between the two actions 57 The author implies in the second paragraph that_. （ A） the proposal of the Department of Justice is unjustified （ B） surveillance of any sus
48、pect communication is necessary （ C） civil liberties groups should not have shown such great concern （ D） exceptions should be made in intercepting communications 58 In the eyes of the author, the Financial Service Modernization Act_. （ A） serves no more than as a new patch on an old robe （ B） indic
49、ates the Congress s admirable move to protect privacy （ C） invades online consumer privacy rather than protect it （ D） is deficient in that it leaves many sectors unshielded 59 Privacy standards made by individual states are ineffective because_. （ A） the standards of different states contradict each other （ B） online communication is not restricted to any state （ C） these standards ignore the federal law on the matter （ D） these
