1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 159及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 John was in a nursery school for one year. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 2 The work in the kind
2、ergarten includes story retelling, drawing, singing and studying. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 3 John went to Junior School at the age of five. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 4 Some children may still have to take an exam called “eleven-plus“ nowadays. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 5 In Britain, secondary schools consist of g
3、rammar schools, technical schools, comprehensive schools and academic schools. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 6 Most children go to a grammar school. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 7 Comprehensive schools can satisfy all levels of academic abilities. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 8 A private school was called a public school in
4、 Britain. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 9 According to Martin, the riches have the priority choosing the best schools for their children. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 10 John thinks that if people give up some traditional ideas, every child will have a chance to go to college. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions:
5、 You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which of the following about pickpocketing is not true? （ A） It is a fast increasing crime. （ B） Its methods are improving. （ C） Nobody is safe from a veteran
6、 pickpocket. （ D） There are about 4 000 000 victims every year. 12 What was probably the reason for discontinuing to hang a pickpocket in the 18th century? （ A） Hanging was a useless warning. （ B） It was too cruel and violent. （ C） Too many people watched the practice. （ D） Other pickpockets were on
7、ly spectators. 13 Where is the least likely place for pickpocketing? （ A） Banks and supermarkets. （ B） Train and bus stations. （ C） Post offices and hospitals. （ D） Elevators and airports. 14 What are the speakers doing? （ A） Visiting the new restaurant. （ B） Watching a parade. （ C） Having a picnic.
8、 （ D） Going to the beach. 15 How does the man feel about the rain? （ A） Excited. （ B） Confused. （ C） Afraid. （ D） Surprised. 16 What will the speakers probably do next? （ A） Go home. （ B） Go to a restaurant. （ C） Unpack the car. （ D） Put a dry blanket under the tree. 17 What is the main problem caus
9、ed by the usual way of plowing? （ A） The crop s blooming period is delayed. （ B） The roots of crops are cut off. （ C） The topsoil is seriously damaged. （ D） The growth of weeds is accelerated. 18 What does the speaker say about Low Till Farming? （ A） It s a new way of applying chemical fertilizer. （
10、 B） It s an improved method of harvesting crops. （ C） It s a creative technique for saving labor. （ D） It s a farming process limiting the use of plows. 19 Where is Low Till Farming becoming popular? （ A） In areas with few weeds and unwanted plants. （ B） In areas with a severe shortage of water. （ C
11、） In areas lacking in chemical fertilizer. （ D） In areas dependent on imported food. 20 How many people depend on local rice and food in South Asia currently? （ A） More than 150 million people. （ B） Less than 150 million people. （ C） About 100 million people. （ D） About 120 million people. Part C Di
12、rections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 When did Dr. Hub
13、er get his own telescope? 22 Where was the interview conducted? 23 What were the two things that interested Dr. Huber? 24 When did Dr. Huber become interested in piano? 25 What s the common misconception about art and science? 26 What do the study of science and the study of art require? 27 Who do n
14、ot probably notice the beauty of theoretical physics? 28 What job did Dr. Huber compare physics to? 29 What does Dr. Huber think accomplish the same objective? 30 What does Dr. Huber compare the universe to? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each
15、of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 Psychologists take contrastive views of how external rewards, from【 C1】_praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, 【 C2】_research the relation【 C3】 _actions and their consequences argue
16、that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain【 C4】 _rewards often destroy creativity【 C5】 _encouraging dependence【 C6】 _approval and gifts from others. The latter view has gained many supporters, especially【 C7】 _ed
17、ucators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks【 C8】 _in grade-school children, suggesting【 C9】 _properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, 【 C10】 _to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. “If kids know theyre working for a【 C11】 _and can focus
18、【 C12】 _a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity“ , says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But its easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for【 C13】 _performance or creating too【 C14】 _anticipation for rewards. “ A teacher【 C15】 _continually draws att
19、ention to rewards or who hands【 C16】 _high grades for ordinary achievement ends up【 C17】_discouraged students, Eisenberger holds.【 C18】 _an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing【 C19】 _. In earlier grades, the use
20、 of so-called token economies, in【 C20】 _students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】
21、 40 【 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 45 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 When it comes to the slowing econ
22、omy , Ellen Spero isn t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn t cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $ 12 to $ 50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening e
23、conomy. “Im a good economic indicator, “ she says, “I provide a service that people can do without when theyre concerned about saving some dollars. “ So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I dont know i
24、f other clients are going to abandon me, too. “ she says. Even before Alan Greenspan s admission that America s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers tem
25、per their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year s pace. But dont sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem
26、only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy s long-term prospects, even as fiiey do some modest belt-tightening. Consumers say they re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. In Manhattan, “there s a n
27、ew gold rush happening in the $4 million to $ 10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses, “ says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three, “ says John Deadl
28、y, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job. Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential homebuyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many
29、 consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant need to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan but at leas
30、t two attempts, according to the hospital, could have been vital. Their reasons seemed as mundane as the other happen-stances of suburban life. “I was just sick of it all, “one told a reporter, “Everything in life. “Most alarming, emergency-room doctor Frederick Lohse told a local reporter that seve
31、ral girls said they were part of a suicide pact. The hospital later backed away from this remark . But coming in the wake of at least sixteen suicide attempts over the previous few months, this sudden clusteralong with the influx of media has set this well-groomed suburb of 23, 000 on edge. At a tow
32、n meeting last Wednesday night, Dr Simon Sobo, chief of psychiatry at the hospital, told more than 200 parents and kids, “Were talking about a crisis that has really gotten out of hand. “Later he added, “There have been more suicide attempts this spring than I have seen in the 13 years I have been h
33、ere. “ Sobo said that the girls he treated didnt have serious problems at home or school. “Many of these were popular kids, “he said, “They got plenty of love, but beneath the reassuring signs, a swath of teens here are not making it. “Some say that drugs, Both pot and real drugs , are commonplace.
34、Kids have shown up with LIFE SUCKS and LONG LIVE DEATH penned on their arms. A few girls casually display scars on their arms where they cut themselves. “Youd be surprised how many kids try suicide, “said one girl, 17. “You dont want to put pain on other people;you put it on yourself. “She said she
35、used to cut herself “just to release the pain“. Emily, 15, a friend of three of the girls treated in June, said one was having family problems, one was “upset that day “and the third was “just upset with everything else going on“. She said they werent really trying to kill themselves they just neede
36、d concern. As Sobo noted, “What s going on in New Milford is not unique to New Milford. “The same underlying culture of despair could be found in any town. But teen suicide, he added, can be a “contagion“. Right now New Milford has the bug and has it bad. 56 What is the main subject of the passage?
37、（ A） Eight girls committed suicide in New Milford. （ B） The village Green is not a charming place. （ C） Teenager suicide. （ D） Dr. Simon Sobos achievements. 57 In the 3rd sentence of the first paragraph the word “pressing“is closest in meaning to_. （ A） urgently important （ B） pushing （ C） inviting
38、（ D） charming 58 What is NOT true about the eight girls? （ A） They are all between 12 and 17. （ B） They have tried a variety of measures. （ C） They attend a suicide squad. （ D） All their attempts to commit suicide are vital. 59 Which of the statements about the teens is NOT true? （ A） They are ill-b
39、red students in school. （ B） Some of them take “real drugs“. （ C） Teens need attention. （ D） A few casually display scars on their arms. 60 According to the passage, the teens in Village Green can be called_. （ A） depressed generation （ B） cool generation （ C） attractive generation （ D） prosperous g
40、eneration 60 The history of responses to the work of the artist Sandro Botticelli(1444 - 1510)suggests that widespread appreciation by critics is a relatively recent phenomenon. Writing in 1550, Vasari expressed an unease with Botticelli s work, admitting that the artist fitted awkwardly into his ev
41、olutionary scheme of the history of art. Over the next two centuries, academic art historians defamed Botticelli in favor of his fellows Florentine, Michelangelo. Even when anti-academic art historians of the early nineteenth century rejected many of the standards of evaluation adopted by their pred
42、ecessors, Botticelli s work remained outside of accepted taste, pleasing neither amateur observers nor connoisseurs.(Many of his best paintings, however, remained hidden away in obscure churches and private homes.) The primary reason for Botticelli s unpopularity is not difficult to understand: most
43、 observers, up until the mid-nineteenth century, did not consider him to be noteworthy, because his work, for the most part, did not seem to these observers to exhibit the traditional characteristics of the fifteenth-century Florentine art. For example, Botticelli rarely employed the technique of st
44、rict perspective and, unlike Michelangelo, never used chiaroscuro. Another reason for Botticelli s unpopularity may have been that his attitude toward the style of classical art was very different from that of his contemporaries. Although he was thoroughly exposed to classical art, he showed little
45、interest in borrowing from the classical style. Indeed, it is paradoxical that a painter of large-scale classical subjects adopted a style that was only slightly similar to that of classical art. In any case, when viewers began to examine more closely the relationship of Botticelli s work to the tra
46、dition of the fifteenth century Florentine art, his reputation began to grow. Analyses and assessments of Botticelli made between 1850 and 1870 by the artists of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, as well as by the writer Pater(although he, unfortunately, based his assessment on an incorrect analysis of B
47、otticelli s personality), inspired a new appreciation of Botticelli throughout the English-speaking world. Yet Botticelli s work, especially the Sistine frescoes, did not generate worldwide attention until it was finally subjected to a comprehensive and scrupulous analysis by Home in 1908. Home righ
48、tly demonstrated that the frescoes shared important features with paintings by other fifteenth-century Florentines features such as skillful representation of anatomical proportions, and of the human figure in motion. However, Home argued that Botticelli did not treat these qualities as ends in them
49、selves rather, that he emphasized clear depletion of a story, a unique achievement and one that made the traditional Florentine qualities less central. Because of Home s emphasis crucial to any study of art, the twentieth century has come to appreciate Botticelli s achievements. 61 Which of the following would be the best title for the text? （ A） The Role of Standard Art Analyses and Appraisals （ B） Sandro Botticelli: From Rejecti
