1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 177及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 John was in a nursery school for one year. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 2 The work in the kind
2、ergarten includes story retelling, drawing, singing and studying. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 3 John went to Junior School at the age of five. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 4 Some children may still have to take an exam called “eleven-plus“ nowadays. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 5 In Britain, secondary schools consist of g
3、rammar schools, technical schools, comprehensive schools and academic schools. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 6 Most children go to a grammar school. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 7 Comprehensive schools can satisfy all levels of academic abilities. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 8 A private school was called a public school in
4、 Britain. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 9 According to Martin, the riches have the priority choosing the best schools for their children. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 10 John thinks that if people give up some traditional ideas, every child will have a chance to go to college. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions:
5、 You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which job does the woman suggest to the man? （ A） Baby-sitting. （ B） House-cleaning. （ C） House-sitting. （ D） Mowing the lawn. 12 What/Who should students con
6、tact if they want to get a summer job? （ A） The Student Union. （ B） The Student Employment Office. （ C） The Workers Union. （ D） The Student Part-time Job Office. 13 What would happen to a student if his employer reports his improper behavior? （ A） He would be fired. （ B） He would not get his pay. （
7、C） He would not get another job. （ D） He would be fined. 14 What was the cause of the tragedy? （ A） Bad weather. （ B） Human error. （ C） Breakdown of the engines. （ D） Communications system failure. 15 How high are the mountains in Norweija? （ A） Two thousand feet. （ B） Twelve thousand feet. （ C） Twe
8、nty thousand feet. （ D） Twenty-two thousand feet. 16 What lesson could be drawn from the accident? （ A） Accurate communication is of utmost importance. （ B） Pilots should be able to speak several foreign languages. （ C） Air controllers should keep a close watch on the weather. （ D） Cooperation betwe
9、en pilots and air controllers is essential. 17 Who is the speaker? （ A） A poet. （ B） A teacher. （ C） A student. （ D） An artist. 18 What was the discussion topic of the previous class meeting? （ A） New England mystery stories. （ B） Eighteenth-century English criticism. （ C） A comparison of poems of D
10、ickinson and Whitman. （ D） The poems of Walt Whitman. 19 How did Emily Dickinson differ from Walt Whitman? （ A） She published poems frequently. （ B） She seldom left home. （ C） She lived in an earlier era. （ D） She spoke a different language. 20 What will the class do now? （ A） Hear another report. （
11、 B） Discuss one of Emily Dickinsons poems. （ C） Hear a lecture given by the teacher. （ D） Discuss poems they have written themselves. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN T
12、HREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What is your responsibility when you, as a school principal, get the teachers report? 22 How many reactions could you have towards the teachers report? 23 How many psycholog
13、ists are mentioned in the talk? 24 Their scheme is based on the premise that all people have a basic way of_. 25 Dr. Mann is now in Cambridge, writing a book on the_. 26 They started working in 1968 based on the observation made by Jung, the founder of_ 27 How many psychological types of people are
14、there according to Jungs ideas? 28 The past-oriented people tend to look at the world in a_. 29 The past-oriented people are flexible in_. 30 What is the passage mainly talking about? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces w
15、ith ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 The most obvious purpose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available products or services. The second【 C1】 _is to sell the product. The second purpose might be more important to the manufacturers than the【 C2】 _. The manufactu
16、rers go beyond only telling consumers about their products. They also try to persuade customers to buy the【 C3】 _by creating a desire【 C4】 _it. Because of advertisement, consumers think that they want something that they do not need. After buying something, the purchaser cannot always explain why it
17、 was【 C5】 _. Even【 C6】 _the purchaser probably does not know why he or she bought something, the manufacturers【 C7】 _. Manufacturers have analyzed the business of【 C8】 _and buying. They know all the different motives that influence a consumer s purchase some rational and【 C9】 _emotional. Furthermore
18、, they take advantage of this【 C10】 _. Why【 C11】 _so many products displayed at the checkout counters in grocery stores? The store management has some good【 C12】 _. By the time the customer is 【 C13】 _to pay for a purchase, he or she has already made rational, thought-out decisions【 C14】 _ what he o
19、r she needs and wants to buy. The【 C15】_feels that he or she has done a good job of choosing the items. The shopper is especially vulnerable at this point. The【 C16】 _of candy, chewing gum, and magazines are very attractive. They persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional, not【 C17】 _moti
20、ves. For example, the customer neither needs nor plans to buy candy, but while the customer is standing, waiting to pay money, he or she may suddenly decide to buy【 C18】 _. This is exactly【 C19】 _ the store and the manufacturer hope that the customer will【 C20】 _. The customer follows his or her pla
21、n. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 45 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B
22、, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 In a three-month period last year, two Brooklynites had to be cut out of their apartments and carried to hospital on stretchers designed for transporting small whales. The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance(NAAFA) argues that it was not t
23、heir combined 900kg bulk that made them ill. Obesity, according to NAAFA, is not bad for you. And, even if it was, there is nothing to be done about it, because genes dictate weight. Attempting to eat less merely slows metabolism, having people as chubby as ever. This is the fatlash movement that ca
24、uses America s slimming industry so much pain. In his book Bin Fat Lies (Ballantine, 1996), Glenn Gaesser says that no study yet has convincingly shown that weight is an independent cause of health problems. Fatness does not kill people; things like hypertension, coronary heart diseases and cancer d
25、o. Michael Fumento, author of The Fat of the Land (Viking, 1997), an anti-fatlash diatribe, compares Dr Gaesser s logic with saying that the guillotine did not kill Louis XVI: Rather, it was the severing of his vertebrae, the cutting of all the blood vessels in his neck, and. the trauma caused by hi
26、s head dropping several feet into a wicker basket. Being fat kills in several ways. It makes people far more likely to suffer from heart disease or high blood pressure. Even moderate obesity increases the chance of contracting diabetes. Being 40% overweight makes people 30% 50% more likely to die of
27、 cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. Extreme fatness makes patients so much less likely to survive surgery that many doctors refuse to operate until they slim. The idea that being overweight is caused by obesity genes is not wholly false: researchers have found a number of genes that a
28、ppear to make some people burn off energy at a slower rate. But genes are not destiny. The difference between someone with a genetic predisposition to gain weight and someone without appears to be roughly 40 calories or a spoonful of mayonnaise a day. An alternative fatlash argument, advanced in boo
29、ks such as Dean Onrush s Eat More, Weight Less (Harper Collies, 1993) and Date Atrens s Don t Diet (William Morrow, 1978) , is that fatness is not a matter of eating too much. They note that as Americans weight has ballooned over the last few decades, their reported caloric intake has plunged. This
30、simply explains people s own recollection of how much they eat is extremely unreliable. And as they grow fatter, people feel guilty and are more likely to fib about how much they eat. All reputable studies show that eating less and exercising reduce weight. Certainly, the body s metabolism slows a l
31、ittle when you lose weight, because it takes less energy to carry less bulk around, and because dieting can make the body fear it is about to starve. But a sensible low-fat diet makes weight loss possible. The fatlash movement is dangerous, because slimmers will often find any excuse to give up. To
32、tell people that it is healthy to be obese is to encourage them to live sick and die young. 51 The two Brooklynites in the first paragraph were_. （ A） members of the NAAFA （ B） typical victims of overweight （ C） members of the “fatlash“ movement （ D） proof that the fatlash movement is gaining streng
33、th 52 The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance holds that_. （ A） fat people should try to lose weight （ B） eating less is harmful to people s health （ C） fat people were born that way （ D） obesity is good for people 53 What can be concluded according to the author s view of the “obesity ge
34、nes“? （ A） People with a genetic inclination to gain weight can slim. （ B） People who are born fat will remain that way all life. （ C） All efforts to lose weight will prove fruitless. （ D） Fat people can live a very happy life, too. 54 The word “fib“ in the fourth sentence of Paragraph 5, probably m
35、eans_. （ A） to tell the truth （ B） to reduce （ C） to increase （ D） to tell a small lie 55 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Americans caloric intake has dropped over the last few decades. （ B） Many people who try to lose weight give up half way. （ C） Americans are always aware of how m
36、uch they eat. （ D） Obesity does no harm to people s health. 55 The issue of online privacy in the Internet age found new urgency following the Sept.11 terrorist attacks, sparking debate over striking the correct balance between protecting civil liberties and attempting to prevent another tragic terr
37、orist act. While preventing terrorism certainly is of paramount importance, privacy rights should not be deemed irrelevant. In response to the attacks, Congress quickly passed legislation that included provisions expanding rights of investigators to intercept wire, oral and electronic communications
38、 of alleged hackers and terrorists. Civil liberties groups expressed concerns over the provisions and urged caution in ensuring that efforts to protect our nation do not result in broad government authority to erode privacy rights of U. S. citizens. Nevertheless, causing further concern to civil lib
39、erties groups, the Department of Justice proposed exceptions to the attorney-client privilege. On Oct.30, Attorney General John Ashcroft approved an interim agency rule that would permit federal prison authorities to monitor wire and electronic communications between lawyers and their clients in fed
40、eral custody, including those who have been detained but not charged with any crime, whenever surveillance is deemed necessary to prevent violence or terrorism. In light of this broadening effort to reach into communications that were previously believed to be “off-limits“, the issue of online priva
41、cy is now an even more pressing concern. Congress has taken some legislative steps toward ensuring online privacy, including the Children s Online Privacy Protection Act, and provided privacy protections for certain sectors through legislation such as the Financial Services Modernization Act. The le
42、gislation passed to date does not, however, provide a statutory scheme for protecting general online consumer privacy. Lacking definitive federal law, some states passed their own measures. But much of this legislation is incomplete or not enforced. Moreover, it becomes unworkable when states create
43、 different privacy standards; the Internet does not know geographic boundaries, and companies and individuals cannot be expected to comply with differing, and at times conflicting, privacy rules. An analysis earlier this year of 751 U. S. and international Web sites conducted by Consumers Internatio
44、nal found that most sites collect personal information but fail to tell consumers how that data will be used, how security is maintained and what rights consumers have over their own information. At a minimum, Congress should pass legislation requiring Web sites to display privacy policies prominent
45、ly, inform consumers of the methods employed to collect client data, allow customers to opt out of such data collection, and provide customer access to their own data that has already been collected. Although various Internet privacy bills were introduced in the 107th Congress, the focus shifted to
46、expanding government surveillance in the wake of the terrorist attacks. Plainly, government efforts to prevent terrorism are appropriate. Exactly how these exigent circumstances change the nature of the online privacy debate is still to be seen. 56 Concerning the protection of privacy and increased
47、surveillance of communication, the author seems to insist on_. （ A） the priority of the former action （ B） the execution of the latter at the expense of the former （ C） tightening both policies at the same time （ D） a balance between the two actions 57 The author implies in the second paragraph that
48、_. （ A） the proposal of the Department of Justice is unjustified （ B） surveillance of any suspect communication is necessary （ C） civil liberties groups should not have shown such great concern （ D） exceptions should be made in intercepting communications 58 In the eyes of the author, the Financial
49、Service Modernization Act_. （ A） serves no more than as a new patch on an old robe （ B） indicates the Congress s admirable move to protect privacy （ C） invades online consumer privacy rather than protect it （ D） is deficient in that it leaves many sectors unshielded 59 Privacy standards made by individual states are ineffective because_. （ A） the standards of different states contradict each other （ B） o
