1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 18及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Psychologists say there are two different kinds of loneliness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2
2、All kinds of loneliness last only a short time. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Temporary loneliness is very serious. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Divorce sometimes causes loneliness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Loneliness can cause sleeplessness and headache. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Chronic loneliness usually lasts
3、 more than two years. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Lonely people have no social contacts. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 The loneliest people are over 50 years old. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Habitual loneliness can cause serious illness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Temporary and situational loneliness are also consi
4、dered as an unhealthy but normal part of life. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 How old is the earliest surviving examples of Chinese printing? （ A） It
5、 was produced before AD 400. （ B） It was produced before AD 200. （ C） It was produced before AD 100. （ D） It was produced before AD 50. 12 In what way is the “flexo“ process considered better than standard printing? （ A） The newspapers remain thin and flexible. （ B） The presses can print larger shee
6、ts of paper. （ C） The ink is fast drying and clear. （ D） The ink can be changed and retested. 13 According to the speaker, what is a disadvantage of the “flexo“ process? （ A） Presses may get clogged with ink. （ B） Papers get smudged with old ink. （ C） Reporters prefer the standard method. （ D） Machi
7、nes may need to be oiled daily. 14 Where was the woman at lunchtime? （ A） Giving a lecture. （ B） Discussing political science. （ C） Working on a science problem. （ D） Reading twentieth century literature. 15 How do the students demonstrate that they really enjoy professor Howls classes? （ A） They co
8、mplete all their assignments. （ B） They study hard for his tests. （ C） They compete for the best seats in the class. （ D） They read all his books. 16 Which of the following best describes Prof. Howls relationship with his students? （ A） Controversial. （ B） Impersonal. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Cooperat
9、ive. 17 Which of the following is NOT included in the news headline? （ A） New traffic rates. （ B） A fire at a downtown restaurant. （ C） A welcome end to the city workers strike. （ D） A final score on a basketball game. 18 Who suffered a heavy loss from the fire? （ A） The owner of a restaurant and th
10、e adjoining Jones Jewelry Store. （ B） The owner of a jewelry store. （ C） The owner of Citizens bank. （ D） Both the owners of a restaurant and a jewelry store. 19 How much were the employees pays raised? （ A） Five cents an hour. （ B） Ten cents an hour. （ C） Fifteen cents an hour. （ D） Twenty cents an
11、 hour. 20 Who won the Little League city championship? （ A） James Johnson. （ B） King Bush. （ C） Tigers. （ D） Pirates. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in th
12、e space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 According to the man, many animals are solitary most of the time. 22 Give three kinds of insects which like to group together. 23 What is a group of lions called? 24 How many female lions m
13、ight be in a group as mentioned here? 25 The habit of zebras is to form 26 In Africa, what kind of groups do gorillas live in? 27 How does the silverback gorilla compare with other male apes? 28 Where do chimpanzees spend most of their time? 29 What are chimpanzee groups called? 30 What is the job o
14、f male chimpanzees? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Perhaps there are far (31) wives than I imagine who take it for (32) that housework is neither satis
15、fying nor even important once the basic demands of hygiene and feeding have been (33) But home and family is the one realm in (34) it is really difficult to shake free of ones upbringing and (35) new values. My parents house was impeccably kept; cleanliness was a moral and social virtue, and persona
16、l untidiness, visibly old clothes, or long male hair provoked biting jocularity. If that (36) been all, maybe I could have adapted myself (37) housework on an easy-going, utilitarian basis, refusing the moral overtones (38) still believing in it as something constructive (39) it is part of creating
17、a home. But at the same time my mother (40) to resent doing it, called it drudgery, and convinced me that it wasnt a fit activity for an intelligent being. I was the only child, and once I was at school there was no (41) why she should have continued (42) her will to remain housebound, unless, as I
18、suspect, my father would not hear of her having a job of her own. I can now begin to (43) why a woman in a small suburban house, with no infants to look after, who does not (44) reading because she has not had much of an education, and who is intelligent (45) to find neighborly chit-chat boring, sho
19、uld carry the pursuit of microscopic specks of dust to the (46) of fanaticism in an (47) to fill hours and salvage her serf-respect. My parents had not even the status-seeking impetus to send me to university that Joes had; my mother (48) me to be “a nice quiet person who wouldnt be (49) in a crowd“
20、, and it was feared that university education (50) in ingratitude (independence). Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has it
21、s technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to refer to things or processes which have no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in expression. Such special dialects, or jargon, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Being universally understood by
22、the devotees of the particular science or art, they have the precision of a mathematical formula. Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, t
23、hey are rather on the outskirts of the English language than actually within its borders. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts and other occupations, such as farming and fishing, that have occupied great numbers of me
24、n from remote times, the technical vocabulary is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fibre of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally
25、understood than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, and philosophy have also become pretty familiar to cultivated person, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet, every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially for
26、eign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political sciences and in the mechanic arts. Hence new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have
27、served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a closed guild. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, and the cleric associates freely with hi
28、s fellow creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called popular science makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent-discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers,
29、 and everybody is soon talking about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy. Thus, our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace. 51 The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to_. （ A） describe a phenomenon （ B） argue about a b
30、elief （ C） propose a solution （ D） stimulate an action 52 By saying that technical terms “on the outskirts of the English language than.“, the writer implies that_. （ A） they are used in the urban areas （ B） they are used in the rural areas （ C） they do not constitute the core of common speech （ D）
31、they are not understood by English farmers 53 When the author refers to professions as no longer being “closed guilds“, he means that_. （ A） it is much easier to become a professional today than it was in the past （ B） there is more social intercourse between professionals and others （ C） popular sc
32、ience has told her secrets to the world （ D） anyone can now understand anything in a profession 54 It seems that the passage implies _. （ A） the English language is always becoming larger and larger （ B） the words of the English language are always changing （ C） one can never be sure what a word mea
33、ns without consulting an expert （ D） technical terms in most non-scientific fields have little chance of becoming part of the main body of the language in these scientific days 55 What may be the best title of this passage? （ A） The Benefits of Some Jobs. （ B） Professions and Their Terms. （ C） Diffe
34、rent Occupations. （ D） The Development of the English Language. 56 Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive
35、: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappe
36、ar, people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Societys economic underpinnings would be destroyed:
37、since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to z
38、eros because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects physical aspects are less imp
39、ortant than what it has done or can do to us hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful, We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain
40、things and actions are “good“ and others are “bad“, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such a
41、s loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal an
42、d penal system to make people afraid to engage in an antisocial acts. 56 The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that_. （ A） they would not be able to tell the texture of objects （ B） they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them （ C
43、） they would not be happy with a life without love （ D） they would do things that hurt each others feelings 57 According to the passage, peoples learning activities are possible because they_. （ A） believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay alive （ B） benefit from providing help and supp
44、ort to one another （ C） enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thing （ D） know what is vital to the progress of society 58 It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on_. （ A） the ability to make money （ B） the will to work for pleasure （ C） the capaci
45、ty to enjoy incentives （ D） the categorizations of our emotional experiences 59 Emotions are significant for mans survival and adaptation because_. （ A） they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objects （ B） they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which socie
46、ty is maintained （ C） they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements （ D） they generate more love than hate among people 60 The emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they_. （ A） help society exploit its members for profit （ B） encourage us to pe
47、rform important tasks （ C） help to perfect the legal and penal system （ D） help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us 61 “She was Americas princess as much as she was Britains princess, “wrote the foreign editor of the normally sharp Chicago Tribune a week after the death in Paris of Dia
48、na, Princess of Wales. He was not far off the mark. For Americans have indeed taken posthumous possession of Britains “Peoples Princess“. What was happening? How was it that a nation whose school children are taught in history class to look down on the “tyranny“ of the English monarchy, suddenly app
49、eared so supportive of a member of the British royal family? Why was it that numerous American commentators sought to expand into touch the rumour that Diana had planned to move to the United States to live? Part of the answer lies in Americas status as the celebrity culture par excellence. It is from their celebrities that many Americans derive their sense of nationhood. Their presidents must be celebrities in order to be elected. Writer and commentator Norman Mailer made the point after the last presidential electi
