1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 24 及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Employees today work shorter hours but take longer vacation than in 1979. （ A） Right （
2、 B） Wrong 2 A management consultant made a list of a bankers everyday activity to see if he has become lazier at work. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 The more time a person spends at work, the more he or she accomplishes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 The negative point of the connection between time and product
3、ivity showed that anyones working efficiency could decrease after a certain point. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Many employers evaluate their employees job performance only. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Some people prefer to work more than 40 hours a week so as to let their superiors see their long-time hard
4、work. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 A group of black hunters expressed their viewpoints on peoples working situation today. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 The two candidates for an executive position had similar qualifications. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 The candidate who usually worked longer hours at work for the
5、 same job would get the applied position. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Nearly all people prefer to spend extra time at work so as to get more money. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear t
6、he recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Which of the following is not a place where most original classical music was written? （ A） Russia （ B） Australia （ C） Italy （ D） Germany 12 What do we call music that comes from a particular culture? （ A） Jazz music. （ B） Classical music. （ C） Traditional music. （ D） Rock
7、 music. 13 Which instrument is not used to play jazz music? （ A） Saxphone. （ B） Piano. （ C） Violin. （ D） Trumpet. 14 Whats the topic of the passage? （ A） Reasons for Peoples Sleep （ B） Four Stages of Sleep （ C） Reasons for Sleepwalking （ D） A Sleep Experiment 15 At which stage is sleep called dozing
8、? （ A） stage four （ B） stage three （ C） stage two （ D） stage one 16 What happens during stage four? （ A） People cant sleepwalk. （ B） Your body becomes very relaxed. （ C） You can still be awakened without difficulty. （ D） If you are awakened, you might feel very perplexed. 17 Which of the following i
9、s the acceptable table manner in Britain? （ A） You lift your soup bowl to your mouth. （ B） You make noise when drinking soup. （ C） You shouldnt raise your elbows to your shoulders. （ D） You shouldnt put your hands on the table. 18 Which is considered as a good manner in Mexico? （ A） To put your hand
10、s on the table during the meal. （ B） To make noise in eating any kind of food. （ C） To eat your meal quickly and clearly. （ D） To put your elbows away from the table. 19 In Arab countries, what is considered very impolite? （ A） Eating with left hand. （ B） Eating with a fork. （ C） Drinking soup noisi
11、ly. （ D） Talking while eating. 20 Whats the main idea of the passage? （ A） An introduction of British table manners. （ B） Table manners and enjoyment. （ C） Different countries have different table manners. （ D） The importance and details of table manners. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As
12、you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 According to the speaker, who should enjoy the figh
13、t of Academic Freedom? 22 What should a teachers employment depend on? 23 When were religious tests for graduation, fellowships, and teaching positions abolished in Britain? 24 Where did violations of the fight of academic freedom greatly increase during the first half of the 20th century? 25 When d
14、id Tennessee abolish the state law that forbade the teaching of the theory of evolution in the public schools? 26 What did many institutions of higher learning require from university teachers in the early 1950s? 27 What happened to those professors who protested American participation in the Vietna
15、m War? 28 What was under way in higher education by 1973, when U.S. troops were withdrawn from Vietnam? 29 In the early 1970s, what problems also harmed the Academic Freedom in American institutions of higher education? 30 For what reason did the U.S. government impose severe restraints on the publi
16、cation of research results in 1980s? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 “Down-to-earth“ means someone or something that is honest, realistic and easy to de
17、al with. It is a pleasure to (31) someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk (32) and accepts other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the (33) of someone who acts important or proud. Down to, earth persons may be (34) members of society, of course. But
18、 they do not let their importance “(35) to their heads“. They do not consider themselves to be better persons than (36) of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, (37) without cause, is said to have “his nose in the air“. There is (38) way a person with his nose in
19、the air can be down-to-earth. Americans (39) another expression that means almost the same as “down-to-earth“. The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground“. Someone (40) both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good understanding (41) reality. He has what is called “common sense“. He may have dream
20、s, (42) he does not allow them to block his knowledge of (43) is real. The opposite kind of (44) is one who has his “head-in-the- clouds“. A man with his head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer (45) mind is not in the real world. (46), such a dreamer can be brought back to earth. Sharp words from teacher ca
21、n usually (47) a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very (48) to have both feet on the ground. (49) we have both our feet on the ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly (50) others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and s
22、trong. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 People have been passionate about roses since the beginning of time. In fact, it is said that the floors of Cleopatrals palace were carpe
23、ted with delicate rose petals, and that the wise and knowing Confucius had a 600-book library specifically on how to care for roses. The rose is a legend on its own. The story goes that during the Roman Empire, there was an incredibly beautiful maiden named Rhodanthe. Her beauty drew many zealous su
24、itors who pursued. her relentlessly. Exhausted by their pursuit, Rhodanthe was forced to take refuge from her suitors in the temple of her friend Diana. Unfortunately, Diana became jealous. And when the suitors broke down her temple gates to get near their beloved Rhodanthe, she became angry turning
25、 Rhodanthe into a rose and her suitors into thorns. In Greek legend, the rose was created by Chloris, the Greek goddess of flowers. It was just a lifeless seed of a Nymph2 that Chloris found one day in a clearing in the woods. She asked the help of Aphrodite, the goddess of love, who gave her beauty
26、. Dionysus, the god of wine, added Nectar3 to give her a sweet scent, and the three Graces4 gave her charm, brightness and joy. Then Zephyr, the West Wind, blew away the clouds so that Apollo, the sun god, could shine and made this flower bloom. And so the Rose was born and was immediately crowned t
27、he Queen of Flowers. The first tree primary red rose seen in Europe was “Slaters Crimson China“ introduced in 1792 from China, where it had been growing wild in the mountains. Immediately, rose breeders began using it to Hybridize5 red roses for cultivation. Ever since, the quest for the perfect red
28、 rose has been the Holy Grail6 of rosarians: a fragrant, disease-resistant, long-lasting, long-stemmed, reblooming, perfectly formed rose with a clear non-fading vivid red color. Absolute perfection still hasnt been attained, and of course never will! There is a special rose language invented as a s
29、ecret means of communication between lovers who were not allowed to express their love for one another openly. In the mid 18th century the wife of the British ambassador in Constantinople described this in her letters, which were published after her death. These letters inspired many books on the la
30、nguage of flowers, each describing the secret message hidden in each flower. A red rose bud stands for budding desire; an open white rose asks “Will you love me?“ An open red rose means “Im full of love and desire“, while an open yellow rose asks “Dont you love me any more?“ 51 A good example of bei
31、ng passionate about roses is _. （ A） the legend of the rose. （ B） Confuciuss books on roses. （ C） the story about Rhodanhe. （ D） the Greek goddess of flowers. 52 Why do roses have thorns in Roman legend? （ A） Suitors were turned into thorns. （ B） Diana wanted to appreciate roses with thorns. （ C） Rh
32、odanhes beauty aroused others jealousy. （ D） Suitors pursuit exhausted Rhodanhe. 53 Who didnt help the creation of the rose in Greek legend? （ A） Aphrodite. （ B） Dionysus. （ C） Cleopatral. （ D） Apollo. 54 Is it possible to attain the absolute perfection of roses? （ A） Possible. （ B） Will surely be p
33、ossible. （ C） Impossible. （ D） Used to be impossible. 55 Whats the purpose of utilizing rose language? （ A） Demonstrating romantic feeling. （ B） Communicating without being known. （ C） Inspiring publication of books. （ D） Creating flower languages. 56 Imagine a chart that begins when man first appea
34、red on the planet and tracks the economic growth of societies from then forward. It would be a long, fiat line until the late 16th or early 17th century, when it would start trending upward. Before then the fruits of productive labor were limited to a few elites-princes, merchants and priests. For m
35、ost of humankind life was as the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes famously described it in 1651“solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short“. But as Hobbes was writing those words, the world around him was changing. Put simply, human beings were getting smarter. People have always sought knowledge, o
36、f course, but in Western Europe at that time, men like Galileo, Newton and Descartes began to search systematically for ways to understand and control their environment. The scientific revolution, followed by the Enlightenment, marked a fundamental shift. Humans were no longer searching for ways sim
37、ply to fit into a natural or divine order; they were seeking to change it. Once people found ways to harness energy-using steam engines-they were able to build machines that harnessed far more power than any human or horse could ever do. And people could work without ever getting tired. The rise of
38、these machines drove the Industrial Revolution, and created a whole new system of life. Today the search for knowledge continues to produce an ongoing revolution in the health and wealth of humankind. If the rise of science marks the first great trend in this story, the second is its diffusion. What
39、 was happening in Britain during the Industrial Revolution was not an isolated phenomenon. A succession of visitors to Britain would go back to report to their countries on the technological and commercial innovations they saw there. Sometimes societies were able to learn extremely fast, as in the U
40、nited States. Others, like Germany, benefited from starting late, leapfrogging the long-drawn-out process that Britain went through. This diffusion of knowledge accelerated dramatically in recent decades. Over the last 30 years we have watched countries like Japan, Singapore, South Korea and now Chi
41、na grow at a pace that is three times that of Britain or the United States at the peak of the Industrial Revolution. They have been able to do this because of their energies and exertions, of course, but also because they cleverly and perhaps luckily adopted certain ideas about development that had
42、worked in the West reasonably flee markets, open trade, a focus on science and technology, among them. The diffusion of knowledge is the dominant trend of our time and goes well beyond the purely scientific. Consider the cases of Turkey and Brazil. If you had asked an economist 20 years ago how to t
43、hink about these two countries, he would have explained that they were classic basket case, Third World economies, with triple-digit inflation, soaring debt burdens, a weak private sector and snails pace growth. Today they are both remarkably well managed, with inflation in single digits and growth
44、above 5 percent. And this shift is happening around the world. From Thailand to South Africa to Slovakia to Mexico, countries are far better managed economically than they have ever been. Even in cases where political constraints make it difficult to push far-reaching reforms, as in Brazil, Mexico o
45、r India, governments still manage their affairs sensibly, observing the Hippocratic oath not to do any harm. 56 Its implied in the first paragraph that some people possessed productive labor except _. （ A） priests. （ B） merchants. （ C） civilians. （ D） princes. 57 What indicates the discovery of ways
46、 to harness energy? （ A） Changes of the world. （ B） Scientific revolution. （ C） Use of steam engine. （ D） Advanced machines. 58 How did the diffusion of human civilization firstly take place? （ A） New knowledge aroused peoples interest. （ B） America was eager to imitate. （ C） Visitors to Britain rep
47、orted innovations. （ D） Germany learned a lot. 59 What idea helps accelerate the development of the society? （ A） The diffusion of new knowledge. （ B） The use of energy. （ C） Exploration of technologies. （ D） Free, open market. 60 The development of Third Countries is _. （ A） pessimistic. （ B） stagn
48、ant. （ C） optimistic. （ D） dominant. 61 Dozens of companies these days are hawking genetic testing kits, which claim to give consumers a glimpse of their future health. But how accurate are they? Perhaps not very, according to witnesses at U.S. Senate hearing here today, as well a report released co
49、ncurrently by the Government Accountability Office (GAO), Congresss investigation arm. There are genetic tests for more than 1000 conditions. While in some cases, such as cystic fibrosis, having a particular set of mutations all but guarantees disease, in many others it correlates only with an increase in disease risk. For example, mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes correspond with a roughly 50% to 80% risk of breast cancer. DNA tests are regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA), which, some critics have charged,
