1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 49及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 The environment is everything that surrounds us and can affect us in some way. （ A） Rig
2、ht （ B） Wrong 2 The science of how living creatures reproduce is called ecology. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 The balance of nature will be disturbed if a creature is exterminated in a certain ecological district. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Man has done harm to the environment because of his foolishness, ig
3、norance and wastefulness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Man squanders the earths natural resources that are bequeathed not only for himself. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Fuels and mineral ores are deemed as irreplaceable resources. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Earths richest soils still remain their fertility. （ A）
4、 Right （ B） Wrong 8 There is a tendency of desertification. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Man has killed off many valuable animals and plants for his interest. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 The speaker is pessimistic about the future of the ecology. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conv
5、ersations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What does the speaker suggest that the students should do during the term? （ A） Consult with her frequently. （ B） Use the computer regularly. （ C） Occupy the computer early. （ D）
6、Wait for ones turn patiently. 12 What service must be paid for? （ A） Computer classes. （ B） Training sessions. （ C） Laser printing. （ D） Package borrowing. 13 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Computer lab services. （ B） College library facilities. （ C） The use of micro-computers. （ D） Printouts f
7、rom the laser printer. 14 According to the woman, what governs the clothes we wear? （ A） A desire to express oneself and show ones wealth. （ B） Individual taste and love for beauty. （ C） Love for beauty and a desire to impress other people. （ D） Individual taste and a desire to express oneself. 15 J
8、udging by the extraordinarily warm clothes some people wear, what might we learn about them? （ A） They may be homesick and feel insecure. （ B） They are either cold or very sick. （ C） They may try to attract other peoples attention. （ D） They want to protect themselves from physical injuries. 16 What
9、 is the relationship between the man and the woman in the dialogue? （ A） Reporter and fashion designer. （ B） Husband and wife. （ C） Shop assistant and customer. （ D） Teacher and student. 17 What does the speaker mainly discuss? （ A） The distribution of different species of amphibians. （ B） Possible
10、reasons for reduction in the number of amphibians. （ C） The effects of environmental change on the fish industry. （ D） Guidelines for the responsible use of pesticides. 18 According to the speaker, how do developers contribute to the reduction of amphibian population? （ A） By taking over ponds. （ B）
11、 By constructing sewers. （ C） By building dams on rivers. （ D） By flooding marshes. 19 According to the speaker, how do some pesticides get into ponds? （ A） They are applied to aquatic weeds by fish farming. （ B） Amphibians release them from their skin. （ C） Irresponsible dispose of them in ponds. （
12、 D） They are washed into ponds by the rain. 20 According to the speaker, why do pesticides pose a threat to amphibians? （ A） Pesticides can cause an amphibians skin to dry out. （ B） Pesticides kill the insects that amphibians depend on for food. （ C） Dissolved pesticides can easily enter amphibians
13、bodies. （ D） Amphibians may eat plants that have been treated with pesticides. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will
14、 hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 How many planets are there in the solar system revolving around the sun? 22 Which planet do people think is the most important one? 23 From which field of science do we learn a lot about the planets? 24 How long have astronomers
15、 studied the planets and other objects in space? 25 What kind of new technology helped us a lot to study the planets? 26 Which planet is the closest planet to the sun? Mercury, Mars, Venus or Jupiter? 27 How long does it take Mercury to complete its orbit around the sun? 28 How long does it take the
16、 Earth to rotate on its own axis once? 29 Which planet is the easiest for people to see in the sky? Earth, Mercury, Venus or Jupiter? 30 Which is the largest one of all the planets? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces wit
17、h ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Perhaps (31) are far more wives that I imagine who take it for (32) that housework is neither satisfying nor even important once the basic demands of hygiene and feeding have been (33). But home and family is the one realm in (34) it is r
18、eally difficult to shake free of ones upbringing and create new values. My parents house was impeccably kept; cleanliness (35) a moral and social virtue, and personal untidiness, visibly old clothes, or long male hair provoked biting jocularity. If that (36) been all, maybe I could have adapted myse
19、lf (37) housework on (38) easygoing, utilitarian basis, refusing the moral overtones but still believing in it as something constructive (39) it is part of creating a home. But at the same time my mother used to resent (40) it, called it drudgery, and convinced me that it wasnt lit activity for an i
20、ntelligent being. I was the only child, and once I was at school there was no (41) why she should have continued (42) her will to remain housebound, unless, as I suspect, my father would not hear of her having a job of her own. I can now begin to understand why a woman in a small suburban house, wit
21、h no infants to look (43), who does not (44) reading because she has not had much of an education, and who is intelligent (45) to find neighborly chit-chat boring, should carry the pursuit of microscopic specks of dust to the (46) of fanaticism in an (47) to fill hours and salvage her self-respect.
22、My parents had not even the status-seeking impetus to send me to university that Joes had; my mother (48) me to be “a nice quiet person who wouldnt be noticed (49) a crowd“, and it was feared that university education (50) in ingratitude (independence). Part A Directions: Read the following texts an
23、d answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 The Stone age, the Iron age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to name the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science once
24、 the least sexy technology is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from houses and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will sometime be made of different staff. Exo
25、tic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science. The key to the new materials is researchers increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for instance, have long been limited by their brittleness.
26、 But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and beat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives th
27、at stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode. A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for
28、robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradual
29、ly decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Whats more, composites plastic reinforced with fibres of graphite or other compounds made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat: a
30、 helmet saved all infantrymans life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion. Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls crass-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a s
31、tandard window pane. But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a timer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a cou
32、ntry in the coming future. 51 How many new materials are mentioned in this passage? （ A） Two. （ B） Three. （ C） Four. （ D） Five. 52 Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science? （ A） To compare them with the new materials. （ B） To show the significance of the new materials on
33、the future world. （ C） To compare the new materials with them. （ D） To explain his point. 53 Why is transition difficult? （ A） Because transition requires money and time. （ B） Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment. （ C） Because research on new materials is very difficult
34、. （ D） Because it takes long time. 54 Where lies success of a country in the New Age of Superstuff? （ A） It lies in research. （ B） It lies in investment. （ C） It lies in innovation. （ D） It lies in application. 55 Why could not ceramics be used widely in the past? （ A） Because of their brittleness.
35、（ B） Because people didnt know how to use them. （ C） Because they were not useful. （ D） Because they could not resist heat. 56 Paul Straussmann, retired vice president of Xerox, indicates in his book Information Pay-off that “almost half of the U.S. information workers are in executive, managerial,
36、administrative and professional positions“. He further states that “managers and professionals spend more than half of their time in communicating with each other“. In other words, people are a corporations most expensive resource. For a typical office, over 90 percent of the operating budget is for
37、 salaries, benefits and over head. With this investment, is it any wonder that managers are focusing more and more attention on employee productivity? They realize that the paper jungle cannot be tamed simply by hiring more people. To receive a return on their investment, wise corporate executive of
38、ficers are realizing what industrialists and agriculturists learned long ago efficient tools are essential for increased productivity. A direct relationship exists between efficient flow of information and the quality and speed of the output of the end product. For those companies using technology,
39、the per document cost of information processing is only a fraction of what it was a few years ago. The decreasing cost of computers and peripherals (equipment tied to the computer) will continue to make technology a cost-effective tool in the future. An example of this type of savings is illustrated
40、 in the case of the Western Division of General Telephone and Electronics Company (GTE). By making a one-time investment of $10 million to automate its facilities, management estimates an annual saving of $8.5 million for the company. This savings is gained mainly through the elimination of support
41、people once needed for proposal projects. Through a telecommunications network that supports 150 computer terminals with good graphics capabilities, the engineers who conceptualize the projects are now direct participants. They use the graphics capacities of the computer rather than rely on drafters
42、 to prepare drawings, they enter their own text rather than employ typists, and they use the network to track project progress rather than conducting meetings. 56 In the first paragraph, the author quotes Straussmanns words in order to make clear_. （ A） the importance of communicative capability in
43、business. （ B） the need for people of higher positions in a company. （ C） the importance of assigning people to proper positions. （ D） the necessity for people in higher positions to know information science. 57 Todays corporate executive officers resemble the industrialists and agriculturists in th
44、e past in their realization of_. （ A） the essential roles of the workers in turning out more products. （ B） the importance of information to a companys development. （ C） the importance of technology leading to high employee productivity. （ D） the necessity of providing employees with a comfortable e
45、nvironment. 58 Which of the following might be the result from the use of efficient technology in corporations? （ A） The quantity of products will be considerably increased. （ B） The cost of computers will be decreased. （ C） The per document cost of information processing will be reduced. （ D） The n
46、ewest information will be easier to obtain. 59 The GTEs example shows that_. （ A） efficient technology is cost-effective. （ B） many meetings in a company are. unnecessary. （ C） many positions like that of a typist can be done away with. （ D） it doesnt cost much to automate the facilities of a compan
47、y. 60 According to this passage, what is the most expensive resource in a corporation? （ A） Product. （ B） Human resource. （ C） Raw materials. （ D） Clients of the corporation. 61 Insurance is supposed to provide protection against financial risks, and while dying too soon is one major risk we face, a
48、nother risk more and more people fear is outliving their money. As a result, a growing away of life insurance products make it possible to protect against both of those risks. In many of todays life insurance products, MacDonald notes, “The death benefit portion really has become a commodity type pr
49、oduct, so if someone is really concerned about the financial impact of dying young, then they can get a pretty good deal by buying term insurance on a commodity basis find the cheapest policy and buy it“. But, he says, “The other side of the coin is that insurance companies have developed products that can be very creative, and very competitive to other alternatives, including investments. They can fill a very important role in any overall investment plan“. Diverse and universal policies offer people choices in how much they want to put into
