1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 4及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Water is a kind of chemical substance. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 Water is as important as
2、vitamins, minerals and proteins for life. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Women have more fat cells so women have less water. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Bone contains no water. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Warm water cant cool us, but cold water can. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Sugar in cold sweet drinks slows the liqu
3、id from getting into the blood-stream. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Fat cells block body heat from escaping quickly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 A 15% 20% drop in body water can cause the blood system to fail. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Health experts say that all kinds of people should drink at least about 2 l
4、iters of liquids every day. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Meats also contain water. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What should one do if he wants to work
5、more efficiently at his low point in the morning? （ A） Change his energy cycle. （ B） Overcome his laziness. （ C） Get up earlier than usual. （ D） Go to bed earlier. 12 Why does the speaker suggest we rise with a yawn and stretch? （ A） Because it will help keep your energy for the days work. （ B） Beca
6、use it will help you to control your temper early in the day. （ C） Because it will help you to concentrate on your routine work. （ D） Because it will keep your energy cycle under control all day. 13 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? （ A） Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps s
7、ave ones energy. （ B） Dr. Kleiman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of a day. （ C） Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle. （ D） Children have energy cycles, too. 14 Whats the main purpose of the talk? （ A） To introduce the concept of inflation. （ B） To discuss the
8、causes of inflation. （ C） To review yesterdays lecture on inflation. （ D） to argue in favor of inflation. 15 According to the lecture, what is inflation? （ A） Rising Prices. （ B） Fixed income. （ C） Real income. （ D） Cost of living. 16 Who benefits most from inflation? （ A） Persons who have salaries
9、according to long-term contracts. （ B） Persons who own businesses. （ C） Persons with old-age pensions. （ D） Persons with slow-rising incomes. 17 Who is the speaker? （ A） a poet. （ B） a teacher. （ C） A student. （ D） An artist. 18 What was the discussion topic of the previous class meeting? （ A） New E
10、ngland mystery stories. （ B） Eighteenth-century English criticism. （ C） A comparison of poems of Dickinson and Whitman. （ D） The poems of Walt Whitman. 19 How did Emily Dickinson differ from Walt Whitman? （ A） She published poems frequently. （ B） She seldom left home. （ C） She lived in an earlier er
11、a. （ D） She spoke a different language. 20 What will the class do now? （ A） Hear another report. （ B） Discuss one of Emily Dickinsons poems. （ C） Hear a lecture given by the teacher. （ D） Discuss poems they have written themselves. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the q
12、uestions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What is your responsibility when you, as a school principal, get the teache
13、rs report? 22 How many reactions could you have towards the teachers report? 23 How many psychologists are mentioned in the talk? 24 Their scheme is based on the premise that all people have a basic way of _. 25 Dr. Mann is now in Cambridge, writing a book on the _. 26 They started working in 1968 b
14、ased on the observation made by Jung, the founder of _. 27 How many psychological types of people are there according to Jungs ideas? 28 The past-oriented people tend to look at the world in a _. 29 Why are the past-oriented people flexible in their early years? 30 What is the passage mainly talking
15、 about? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Impatience characterizes young intellectual workers. They want to make their mark (31). So its important to get
16、(32) to them in a challenging manner the idea (33) big achievements rarely come easily and quickly. Point out that the little successes are essential. Show that they (34) turn become the foundation on (35) reputations are built and from which more important tasks can be accomplished. A variety of jo
17、b assignments, including job or project rotation, also keep a job (36) becoming dull. Whereas its natural for some individuals to want to move ahead immediately to more difficult assignments, (37) proper guidance they can continue to learn and to gain versatility by working on a number of jobs that
18、are essentially (38) the same complexity. This way they gain breadth, if not depth. Probably the greatest offense to guard (39) when dealing with younger specialists is to reject ideas out of hand. You must listen and listen objectively to their suggestions. Avoid (40) overcritical. You want to nurt
19、ure an inquiring mind with a fresh approach. Youll frustrate it quickly if you revert too often (41) “Weve tried that before and it wont (42) here“. One sure way to disenchant (43) college graduates is flagrantly misusing their talents. Expect them to do some routine work, of course. But dont make t
20、heir (44) work just one long series of errands. This includes such break-in assignments (45) performing routine calculations, digging up (46) material, (47) operating reproduction equipment. One large manufacturing company recently interviewed a number of (48) engineers who had left them. The compan
21、y found that the overwhelming complaint was that the company not only did not offer work that (49) challenging but also expected (50) too little from them in the way of performance. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Ma
22、rk your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Cyberspace, data superhighway, multi media for those who have seen the future, the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives for ever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia, little attention has been given to the
23、implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the “how“, the question of “for whom“ is put aside once again. Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy
24、. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made
25、 possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets with destructive impact on the have-nots. For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in t
26、he international economic machine. As “futures“ are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies. So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications
27、themselves so-called “development communications“ modernization. Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies. Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S., Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and ability to manufacture
28、remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, and imported products and services must therefore be bought on credit credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain. Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a leve
29、l of expertise to exploit it for native development. This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it. 51 From the passage we know that the development of high techn
30、ology is in the interests of _. （ A） the rich countries （ B） scientific development （ C） the elite （ D） the world economy 52 It can be inferred from the passage that _. （ A） international trade should be expanded. （ B） the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough consideration （ C）
31、 the exports of the poor countries should be increased （ D） communications technology in developing countries should be modernized 53 Why does the author say that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries? （ A） Because it enables the developed countries to control
32、the international market. （ B） Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries. （ C） Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries. （ D） Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries. 54 The development of modern communications technology in dev
33、eloping countries may _. （ A） hinder their industrial production （ B） cause them to lose control of their trade （ C） force them to reduce their share of exports （ D） cost them their economic independence 55 The authors attitude toward the communications revolution is _. （ A） positive （ B） critical （
34、 C） indifferent （ D） tolerant 56 We are told that the mass media are the greatest organs for enlightenment that the world has yet seen; that in Britain, for instance, several million people see each issue of the current affairs program, Panorama. It is true that never in human history were so many p
35、eople so often and so much exposed to so many intimations about societies, forms of life, attitudes other than those which obtain in their own local societies. This kind of exposure may well be a point of departure for acquiring certain important intellectual and imaginative qualities, width of judg
36、ment, a sense of the variety of possible attitudes. Yet in itself such exposure does not bring intellectual or imaginative development. It is no more than the masses of a stone which lie around in a quarry and which may, conceivably, go to the making of a cathedral. The mass media cannot build the c
37、athedral, and their way of showing the stones does not always prompt others to build. For the stones are presented within a self-contained and self-sufficient world in which, it is implied, simply to look at them, to observe fleetingly individually interesting points of difference between them, is s
38、ufficient in itself. Life is indeed full of problems on which we have to or feel we should try to make decisions, as citizens or as private individuals. But neither the real difficulty of these decisions, nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual, can often be communicated through t
39、he mass media. The disinclination to suggest real choice, individual decision, which is to be found in the mass media is simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy. It is within the grain of mass communications. The organs of the Establishment, however well intentioned the
40、y may be and whatever their form (the State, the Church, voluntary societies, political parties), have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked, and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production whic
41、h, though the skin to where such enquiries might really hurt. They will tend to move, when exposing problems, well within the accepted clichclich not to make a disturbing application of them to features of contemporary agitation of problems for the sake of the interest of that agitation in itself; t
42、hey will therefore, again, assist a form of acceptance of the status quo. There are exceptions to this tendency, but they are uncharacteristic. The result can be seen in a hundred radio and television programs as plainly as in the normal treatment of public issues in the popular press. Different lev
43、els of background in the readers or viewers may be assumed, but what usually takes place is. a substitute for the process of arriving at judgment. Programs such as this are noteworthy less for the “stimulation“ they offer than for the fact that that stimulation (repeated at regular intervals) may be
44、come a substitute for, and so a hindrance to, judgments carefully arrived at and tested in the mind and on the pulses. Mass communications, then, do not ignore intellectual matters; they tend to castrate them, to allow them to sit on the side of the fireplace, sleek and useless, a family plaything.
45、56 According to the passage, the mass media present us with _. （ A） insufficient diversity of information （ B） too restricted a view of life （ C） a wide range of facts and opinions （ D） a critical assessment of our society 57 The word “disinclination“ in the second paragraph implies that _. （ A） mas
46、s media are not capable of giving real choice and individual decision （ B） mass medial does not feel like giving real choice and individual decision （ C） mass media does not manage to give real choice and individual decision （ D） people do not expect to get real choice and decision from mass media 5
47、8 The author uses the comparison with building a cathedral to show that _. （ A） worthwhile results do not depend on raw material only （ B） the mediaeval world had different beliefs （ C） great works of art require good foundations （ D） close attention to detail is important 59 Radio, TV and the press
48、 are criticized here for _. （ A） widening the gap between classes （ B） assuming that everyones tastes are the same （ C） failing to reach any definite conclusions （ D） setting too intellectual a standard 60 What is the authors final judgment on how mass communications deal with intellectual matters?
49、（ A） They regard them as unimportant. （ B） They see them as a domestic pastime. （ C） They consider them to be of only domestic interest. （ D） They rob them of their dramatic impact. 61 An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services; for instance, electricity supply water, rail and road transport, the harbours. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and
