1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 50及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 John was in a nursery school for one year. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 The work in the kind
2、ergarten includes story retelling, drawing, singing and studying. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 John went to Junior School at the age of five. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Some children still have to take an exam called “eleven-plus“ nowadays. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 In Britain, secondary schools consist of gr
3、ammar schools, technical schools, comprehensive schools and academic schools. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Most children go to a grammar school. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Comprehensive schools can satisfy all levels of academic abilities. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 A private school was called a public school
4、in Britain. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 According to Martin, the riches have the priority choosing the best schools for their children. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 John thinks that if people give up some traditional ideas, every child will have a chance to go to college. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Direct
5、ions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What should one do if he wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning? （ A） Change his energy cycle. （ B） Overcome his laziness. （ C） G
6、et up earlier than usual. （ D） Go to bed earlier. 12 Why does the speaker suggest we rise with a yawn and stretch? （ A） Because it will help keep your energy for the days work. （ B） Because it will help you to control your temper early in the day. （ C） Because it will help you to concentrate on your
7、 routine work. （ D） Because it will keep your energy cycle under control all day. 13 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? （ A） Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save ones energy. （ B） Dr. Kleiman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of a day. （ C） Habit he
8、lps a person adapt to his own energy cycle. （ D） Children have energy cycles, too. 14 Whats the main purpose of the talk? （ A） To introduce the concept of inflation. （ B） To discuss the causes of inflation. （ C） To review yesterdays lecture on inflation. （ D） to argue in favor of inflation. 15 Accor
9、ding to the lecture, what is inflation? （ A） Rising Prices. （ B） Fixed income. （ C） Real income. （ D） Cost of living. 16 Who benefits most from inflation? （ A） Persons who have salaries according to long-term contracts. （ B） Persons who own businesses. （ C） Persons with old-age pensions. （ D） Person
10、s with slow-rising incomes. 17 What is the main topic of this lecture? （ A） Bicycles and cars. （ B） Building codes. （ C） Energy conservation. （ D） New housing construction. 18 Why is insulation required in new houses? （ A） To limit discussion on heating bills. （ B） To prevent heat loss. （ C） To dete
11、rmine the temperature in homes. （ D） To convert homes to electric heat. 19 What is the purpose of building new houses facing north or south? （ A） To avoid direct sunlight. （ B） To limit space used. （ C） To keep out the cold. （ D） To conform to other houses. 20 What has the city of Davis provided for
12、 bicycle riders? （ A） Special paths. （ B） Resurfaced highways. （ C） More parking space. （ D） Better street lighting. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the
13、 space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What did the speaker talk about last time? 22 What does the talk mainly concern? 23 What does the speaker refer activity of any organization to? 24 What does business concern usually do? 25
14、What advantages does work have? 26 What is behavioral management based on? 27 Why should a manager study behavioral management? 28 According to the speaker, what does a manager have to treat everyone of his staff as? 29 It sounds a bit unscientific that a good manager is _ rather than _. 30 Behavior
15、al management is very useful but is not _ like scientific management. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 There is a difference between science and technolo
16、gy. Science is a method of answering theoretical (31); technology is a method of (32) practical problems (and sometimes creating new problems out of the “solutions“). Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships (33) observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories tha
17、t serve to organize (34) facts and relationships; technology has to do (35) tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the findings of science. Another distinction between science (36) technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress (37) science excludes the human factor. And this i
18、s justly so. Scientists, (38) seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty cannot pay attention to their own or other peoples likes or (39) or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people as
19、 (40) Darwins theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the option of refusing to (41) it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the option of refusing to (42) the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft (43) overhead; we do not
20、 have the option of refusing to breathe polluted (44); and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science, progress in (45) must be measured in (46) of the human factor. Technology must be our slave and not the reverse. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people
21、 people in (47), not merely some peoples and future generations, not merely (48) who presently wish to gain advantage (49) themselves. Technology must be humanistic (50) it is to lead to a better world. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choo
22、sing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 I am extremely important. So important that all kinds of people might need to communicate with me 24 hours a day. Mere phone calls are good enough, letters take days, or at least a day, and meetings face to face well, obviously that is out o
23、f the question. No, the index of my success is my faxability. Only God knows what international incidents have been averted by my black fax machine. For I am now at the centre of a vast global communications network, all of which is instantly faxable, and made up of busy people who cannot possibly w
24、ait for that vital document a minute longer. “Fax it to me“, we say snappily, presuming that we are in the company similarly technologically endowed. “What do you mean you havent got one?“ We gasp in amazement at their willingness to admit they are not a member of this exclusive club. After all, mem
25、bership only sets you back $400 or so and for this you get to review daily our motto: “I fax therefore I am“. Once you are in possession of one of those magic machines a new world opens up to you. A world of escalating urgency, a world where the most mundane information becomes some how more signifi
26、cant because it arrives via a bleeping machine, a world where the medium has more cachet than the message. The fax machine, like the camcorder, has come into its own in the Nineties. The affordability of this technology has meant that the democracy of instantaneous communication has filtered down to
27、 us all. So we are all dutifully engaged in this orgy of electronic impulses, recording and erasing, faxing and receiving. But what we are actually communicating apart from the fact that we are in communication? The urgent messages we send each other on these electronic postcards are often little mo
28、re than reminders that, “Yes, we have the technology, even if we have little use for it“. Yet because we know that knowledge is power we cannot admit as much, for to do so would be to join the great faxless underclass. Instead, we pretend that every doodle, every hurried sentence is somehow so earth
29、-shatteringly crucial that it must immediately be signaled halfway round the world. For some like Philippe Starck, who designs by fax, this may be the case. But what do most of us use fax for? We can now fax a pizza or a sandwich; we can fax afternoon radio shows with our funny stories; we can fax o
30、ur bank manager; we can fax our resignation notice and nowadays we can even be fired by fax. Although there is soma argument about the legal status of any fax that declares to be contractual, the great benefit of all these is that it is done in public. Indeed what the latest hatch of communications
31、technology, from mobile phones to camcorders to faxes, have in common is that they no longer respect the old boundaries between public and private, work and leisure. If you fall down and break your leg, some idiots with a camcorder will be recording your pain and sending it to an amateur video show
32、on TV. If someone sends you a humiliating rejection by fax, you can guarantee that everyone else will have read it before you. Likewise, encouraged by insane advertising which advertises us to turn our homes into extensions of our offices, there is now no time in which work cannot intrude on leisure
33、. The answering and fax machines may always be switched on in case we miss some vital pieces of information. But what exactly is it that for most of us cannot wait till tomorrow? We are not running countries, or multinational corporations, but the trick is to act like we are. In our “accelerated cul
34、ture“ speed feeds our sense of self-importance. Its not what you say but how fast you say it, and a fax provides instant gratification that this is the case. Faxes are about declarations rather than dialogue. But even this delicious frenzy of non-communication can go wrong. Fax terrorists sabotage b
35、usiness by bunging up the machine with 50 pages saying nothing except “Peace and love“. And who has had a fax gone astray? As you slot your paper into the hungry mouth how do you really know where it is going, that you have the right number, that you are not sending your masterpieces into oblivion?
36、Worse still: they can break down. Since my ten-year-old son poured a can of coke into mine I have not received any faxes at all. The sad truth is that I never did get many. Apart from the odd work stuff they would mostly be from friends trying out their new fax machines. Having received theirs, I co
37、uld then fax them back to tell them that they were in full working order. See, I told you I was important. 51 The purpose of the first paragraph is to_. （ A） interest and surprise the reader. （ B） explain why the writer needs a fax. （ C） convince the reader of the importance of faxes. （ D） focus on
38、the legitimate used of faxes. 52 Why do so ninny people own fax machines today? （ A） Because the fax is a symbol of success. （ B） Because it is the fastest way of sending a document. （ C） Because it is more reliable than sending a letter. （ D） Because it is still too expensive for most people. 53 Th
39、e writer thinks that most people use the tax_. （ A） to order pizzas and sandwiches. （ B） to send vital documents. （ C） to give themselves a sense of self-importance. （ D） to help them become successful. 54 The general tone of the text is_. （ A） serious （ B） ironic. （ C） enthusiastic. （ D） matter-of-
40、fact. 55 The writer uses exaggeration in order to_. （ A） demonstrate how ridiculous it is for people to have a fax. （ B） prove to the reader that faxes can be sabotaged and broken down. （ C） show why her friends are getting fax machines. （ D） describe the importance of speedy communications in file
41、modern business world. 56 Standard English is that variety of English which is usually used ill print, and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers studying the language. It is also the variety which is normally spoken by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other si
42、milar situations. The difference between standard and non-standard, it should be noted, has nothing in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial language; Standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. Historically, the standard variety of English is derived from th
43、e London dialect of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one preferred by the educated, and it was developed and promoted as a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the
44、norm that was carded overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are much the same everywhere in the world where English is used: variation among local standards is really quite minor, so flint the Sing
45、apore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very little different from one another so fax as grammar and vocabulary are concerned. Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous pressure on all local varieties, to the extent that many of the long-established dialects of
46、England have lost much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to converge toward the standard. This latter situation is not unique lo English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are under way. But it sometimes brings problems to speakers who try
47、to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational ones. 56 What are the characteristics of Standard English? （ A） It is usually used in print. （ B） It is normally taught in schools. （ C） It is used in news broadsts. （ D） A, B and C. 57 Which of the following stat
48、ements is true according to this passage? （ A） Standard English is better than non-standard English. （ B） Standard English does not differ from non-standard English in principle. （ C） Standard English can be both formal and colloquial. （ D） Non-standard English is the same as colloquial English. 58
49、Which of the following factors did not contribute to the London dialect becoming Standard English? （ A） The court moved from Winchester to London. （ B） The dialect was used by educated people. （ C） The dialect remained unaffected by foreign trade. （ D） The dialect was gradually accepted and spoken by more and more people. 59 In terms of grammar and vocabulary, Standard English_. （ A） differs greatly from dialects in the United Kingdom. （ B） differs greatly from varieties outside U.K. （ C） differs little from any variety in t
