1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 59及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 President Bush intends to provide illegal immigrants with an opportunity to get legal r
2、esidency or American citizenship. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 Applicants for residency will have to pay $1,000 from July 30 on. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Crystal Williams believes that the new fees may force some immigrants to delay or give up applications. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Citizenship and Immigrat
3、ion Service receives no federal funds to process applications. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 U.S.CIS spokesman recognizes that the application fees are a burden which has been causing pain since a long time ago. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Refugees and asylum-seekers do not have to pay the application fees. （
4、 A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 U.S.CIS is constrained by its fee-charging system according to Donald Kerwin. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Congressman Steve King opposes to shift the financial burden to U.S. taxpayers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Immigration officials back the fee increase to improve spending flexibi
5、lity. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Fewer and fewer immigrants applied for the U.S. citizenship in recent decades than before. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.
6、 11 What have the European countries agreed on at the Brussels Summit? （ A） To reduce greenhouse gas emissions. （ B） To find more energy resources. （ C） To substitute renewable energy for fossil fuels. （ D） To reverse the trend of global warming. 12 What is the goal to be reached by 2020? （ A） 10% r
7、eduction in greenhouse gas emissions. （ B） 20% replacement of renewable energy. （ C） 10% reduction in energy consumption. （ D） 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emission. 13 What is the attitude of the environmentalists towards the EU agreement? （ A） Supportive. （ B） Ambivalent. （ C） Confusing. （ D） N
8、egative. 14 What information can be already seen on food packaging? （ A） The products greenhouse gas emissions. （ B） The products food miles. （ C） The products total environmental impact. （ D） The products energy consumption. 15 What is the original purpose of introducing the concept of food miles?
9、（ A） To reduce carbon emissions. （ B） To raise peoples awareness of climate change. （ C） To work out a products effect on the environment. （ D） To ensure fairness in the supply chain. 16 What will the environment minister do next? （ A） To reinforce the idea of food miles. （ B） To develop a standard
10、for carbon measurements. （ C） To reduce the amount of imported goods. （ D） To reduce the distance a product travels. 17 What was the research about? （ A） Establishing physical models （ B） Establishing statistical models. （ C） Making assumptions about climate change. （ D） Finding evidence in animal a
11、nd plant species. 18 Which phenomena did they observe particularly? （ A） Flowering and migration. （ B） Volcanic eruption. （ C） Greenhouse gas emissions. （ D） Human activities. 19 What did they compare their model-based results to? （ A） Animals and plants. （ B） Weather balloons. （ C） Thermometers. （
12、D） Satellites. 20 What did their research result confirm? （ A） Temperature fluctuations over 30 years. （ B） Calculations made by computer models. （ C） The impact of natural forces. （ D） The effect of industrialization. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or c
13、omplete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What can make a persons trip to work fearsome? 22 According to Dr. Lee, stress is how _
14、react to the outside changes. 23 Why do people sometimes act differently towards the same event? 24 What is given as an example on peoples difference in reaction? 25 For some people, even though they feel nervous when giving _, others cant detect it. 26 Paul thinks some stresses are caused by _. 27
15、What are people trained to do in order to avoid conflicts? 28 Whats Dr. Lees advice on dealing with stresses? 29 In Dr. Lees exercises, people are asked to visualize 30 Who is Dr. Lee? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces
16、with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Chocolate is not a great source of nutrients, but theres no harm in eating a moderate amount, especially the dark variety, (31) contains some of the same disease-fighting antioxidants as red wine, fruits and vegetables. In fact, a 40-g
17、ram (32) of dark chocolate offers about the same amount of antioxidant protection (33) a 150-ml glass of dry red wine. Thirty grams of solid chocolate contains about 150 calories and 2 or 3 grams of protein. The original bean has significant (34) of vitamin E and B vitamins. These nutrients, (35) ar
18、e so diluted as to be negligible in modern processed chocolate. Sweet or semisweet chocolate (36) between 40 and 53 percent fat, or cocoa butter. (37) chocolate and cocoa powder supply chromium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium, but (38) of the high fat and calories, youre best to get thes
19、e minerals from (39) sources. Ever (40) why you suddenly crave the rich, sweet taste of chocolate? Well, the scientific answer is that chocolate contains two stimulants, theobromine and caffeine. Theobromine, (41) caffeine, does not (42) the central nervous system but has a mainly diuretic effect. M
20、ost chocolate products contain no more (43) about 0.1 percent caffeine and are much less (44) than a cup of decaffeinated coffee. Unsweetened baking chocolate is a (45) more concentrated (46) of caffeine. Some people have a tendency to (47) themselves in chocolate after emotional upset, as it can be
21、 a mood elevator. While theres no (48) basis for this behavior, psychiatrists have theorized that “chocoholics“ may be people (49) have a faulty mechanism for regulating their body levels of phenylethylamine. And every woman knows that (50) cravings can be tied to those monthly hormonal changes. Par
22、t A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 To try to bring context back, Hueter and Burgess teamed with NOAA and Sea Grant to hold a press conference in the spring of 2002 at the National Pr
23、ess Club. “We wanted to try to get the press to adopt some rules of engagement“, Hueter says. “We wanted them to calm hysteria, use perspective and write more articles not focusing on attack“. Burgess and Hueter stress sharks importance in the ecological balance and health of the oceans, which depen
24、d on complex food webs involving every sea creature. Just like apex land predators, sharks are important in that balance. “Theyre a top predator and few in number“, Hunter says. “When theyre eliminated, theres nothing to fill in that place“. More than 100 million sharks are killed each year by fishe
25、rmen, which can devastate certain species that grow slowly and can take as long as 15 to 20 years to reach reproductive age. The prehistoric creatures continue to fascinate scientists with their immune and reproductive systems and their advanced senses and theyve been used as a classic vertebrate an
26、atomy tool for years because they bear many similarities to humans. Scientists believe that unprovoked attacks are cases of mistaken identity, or the sharks just having a taste to see whether they want some more. Most of attacks are not fatal. According to the International Shark Attack File, global
27、ly, there were 55 unprovoked attacks in 2003, with four fatalities. In the U.S., one is 30 times more likely to be struck by lightning than to be attacked by a shark, and bees, wasps and snakes cause more deaths each year than sharks. The number of attacks seems to have risen dramatically in the 199
28、0s, but this is partly attributed to more thorough record-keeping by the International Shark Attack File and more public awareness leading to more reports. Also, the number of shark-human contacts in a year is directly proportional to the number of humans in the sea. As the world population increase
29、s and more and more people, take to the waters, it is logical that shark attacks, along with other water-related injuries, will increase. Due to overfishing, shark populations are seriously declining in some cases and holding at reduced numbers in others. According to George Gerbners Cultivation The
30、ory, people can be affected by the amount and the content of the TV and movies they watch. The portrayals of things in these media can create a false sense of society. For example, one who watches a lot of crime shows could perceive the world to be a much more dangerous place than it actually is. So
31、 be it with TV shows and movies that feature shark attacks. Things can appear to be more common than they actually are. But this isnt the only reason people fear sharkssharks do have teeth and can bite. Humans could see other predators coming and kill them with a single shot, but in shark territory,
32、 the predator is invisible. 51 What did the team with NOAA and Sea Grant aim to do at the National Press Club in 2002? （ A） To hold a press conference. （ B） To bring context back. （ C） To get the media not to focus on shark attacks. （ D） To calm the disturbance caused by shark attacks. 52 Why are sh
33、arks important in the ecological balance and health of the oceans? （ A） They are apex carnivores and reduced in numbers. （ B） They are killed and few in numbers. （ C） They are certain species that grow slowly. （ D） They are flesh-eating animals and kill other sea creatures. 53 Scientists are greatly
34、 astonished by_. （ A） their similarities to humans. （ B） their immune and reproductive systems. （ C） a classic vertebrate anatomy tool. （ D） their complex food menu. 54 It is logical that shark attacks will increase due to_. （ A） the reduced numbers in other creatures. （ B） overfishing by fishermen.
35、 （ C） their nature. （ D） the rise of shark-human contacts. 55 People perceive sharks much more dangerous than they actually are, mainly because_. （ A） they have teeth and can bite. （ B） they are invisible predators. （ C） TV shows and movies create a false sense of society. （ D） they attack along wit
36、h other water-related features. 56 The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon sporting event hosted by the city of Boston, Massachusetts, on Patriots Day, the third Monday of April. Begun in 1897 and inspired by the success of the first modem-day marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics, the
37、Boston Marathon is the worlds oldest annual marathon and ranks as one of the worlds most well-known road racing events. The marathon is one of five members of the World Marathon Majors. The event attracts an average of about 20,000 registered participants each year. In the 100th running of the Bosto
38、n Marathon in 1996, the number of participants reached 38,000. While there are cash prizes awarded to the winners of the marathon, most of the runners participate for the accomplishment of having run the race at all. The Boston Marathon was originally a local event, but its fame and status have attr
39、acted runners from all over the world. For most of its history, the Boston Marathon was a free event, and the only prize awarded for winning the race was a wreath woven from olive branches. However, corporate-sponsored cash prizes began to be awarded in the 1980s, when professional athletes began to
40、 refuse to run the race without cash awards. The first cash prize for winning the marathon was awarded in 1986. Women were not allowed to enter the Boston Marathon officially until 1972. Roberta (Bobbi) Gibb is recognized as the first woman to run the entire Boston Marathon (in 1966). In 1967, Kathr
41、ine Switzer, who had registered as “K.V. Switzer“, was the first woman to run with a race number. She finished, despite a celebrated incident in which race official Jock Semple tried to rip off her numbers and eject her from the race. In 1996 the B.A.A. retroactively recognized as champions the unof
42、ficial womens leaders of 1966 through 1971. In recent years, critics have pointed to the dominance of foreign-born athletes in the event (especially runners from Kenya) to back their arguments that American professional running is lagging behind the rest of the world in terms of producing quality at
43、hletes. However, foreign dominance of the race is nothing new. Between 1946 and 1967 only one American (John J. Kelley in 1957) won the marathon in an era when Finland and Japan were the distance powerhouses. The Boston marathon is open to all runners, male and female, from any nation, but they must
44、 meet certain qualifying standards. To qualify, a runner must first complete a standard marathon course certified by a national governing body affiliated with the International Association of Athletics Federations within a certain period of time before the date of the desired Boston Marathon (usuall
45、y within approximately 18 months prior). Prospective runners in the age range of 18 34 must run a time of no more than 3:10:59 (3 hours and 10 minutes) if male, or 3:40:59 (3 hours and 40 minutes) if female; the qualifying time is adjusted upward as age increases. For example, a 40 44 year old male
46、can still qualify with a time of 3:20:59. An exception to the qualification requirement is awarded to 1,250 runners who raise a pre-determined level of sponsorship for officially designated local charities. Besides the Olympic trials and the Olympic marathons, Boston is the only major American marat
47、hon that requires a qualifying time. Thus for many marathoners to qualify for Boston (to “BQ“) is a goal and achievement in itself, making it a “peoples Olympic event“. 56 The first marathon competition began_. （ A） in Boston, Massachusetts. （ B） in 1896 Summer Olympics. （ C） on Patriots Day, 1897.
48、（ D） a hundred years ago. 57 Most of marathoners take part in the race to_. （ A） win cash prizes. （ B） attract audience. （ C） achieve success. （ D） win an oliye-branch-woven wreath. 58 The original prize awarded for winning the marathon in 1800s was_. （ A） a floral circle made from olive trees. （ B）
49、 money sponsored by companies. （ C） a professional status. （ D） brave fame. 59 Why do people criticize that America cant train better professional runners than some other countries? （ A） Because most winners of the race come from foreign countries. （ B） Because only one American won the race between 1946 and 1967. （ C） Because Finland and Japan were the strong teams with quality athletes. （ D） Because American professional running is far behind. 60 Who can participate the Boston Marathon without a qualifying ti
