1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 60及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Its difficult for the experienced parents to decide whether to work or stay with their
2、children. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 There are many advantages for stay-at-home parents. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Parents tend to believe that day care centre is better than home care. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Jeannette has been making significant contributions to her company. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 In
3、Johns article, he concludes that the mother-child relationship is often dominated by the child. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Parents feel at loss when they have to hear about their childrens growth from others. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Its less painful for the parents who are forced back to work for finan
4、cial reasons. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Jackie runs a home-based business. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Jackie says its easy for her to work and take care of her child at the same time. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Parents should make decisions according to their family needs and desires. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
5、 Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 When did the man enter the field of fair trade? （ A） While he was doing his degree in ecology. （ B） After he founded Friends of the Earth i
6、n Norwich. （ C） When he was working with the Natural History Museum. （ D） While he was working for Traidcraft. 12 What seems to be the problem facing fair trade? （ A） Consumers indifference. （ B） Uncertainty of product quality. （ C） Lack of support form the government. （ D） Lack of strong companies
7、involvement. 13 What did his Indian experience show? （ A） Local people were doubtful of their motives. （ B） Local people were disappointed by the foreigners. （ C） The Fairtrade Foundation were unaware of the local situation. （ D） The Fairtrade Foundation won a certain level of trust from the locals.
8、 14 In which year did he become vice president of the National Trust for Jersey? （ A） 1958. （ B） 1978. （ C） 1991. （ D） 2000. 15 What does the Coastline Campaign aim to achieve? （ A） To protect coastal archaeology. （ B） To acquire more donated land. （ C） To sell land for protection funds. （ D） To cur
9、b inappropriate development. 16 What is the achievement of the campaign so far? （ A） Trust of the local people. （ B） Acquisition of coast land. （ C） Support from the Welsh people. （ D） A management agreement with Jersey Water. 17 In which university did Barack Obamas parents study? （ A） Columbia Uni
10、versity. （ B） The University of Chicago Law School. （ C） The University of Illinois. （ D） The University of Hawaii. 18 Whose father fail an American presidential campaign in 1968? （ A） Barack Obamas. （ B） Mitt Romneys. （ C） Bill Richardsons. （ D） John McCains. 19 Who served as ambassador to the Unit
11、ed Nations? （ A） Barack Obama. （ B） Mitt Romney. （ C） Bill Richardson. （ D） John McCain. 20 Where did John McCains father spend his career? （ A） In politics. （ B） In military. （ C） In journalism. （ D） In academy. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complet
12、e the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 The human species has increased its life span by _. 22 What is more important than medicine in
13、 extending our life span? 23 According to Dr. Komaroff, which generation may see a world in which people live healthier and much longer? 24 Advances in medicine may cause the problem of _. 25 Despite medical and research advances, it is getting increasingly difficult for us to _. 26 What might be ma
14、de use of in the future in treating bacterial infection? 27 When was HIV/AIDS first recognized? 28 What makes us liable to many diseases such as heart disease and diabetes? 29 Dr. Komaroff believes that new drugs will be developed within 20 years to help us achieve _. 30 What is the most important q
15、uality of a doctor? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 An allergy is an unusually strong reaction (31) a substance. Many things can cause allergies. The mo
16、st common cause is pollen. Trees usually produce pollen in the spring, grasses in the summer and weeds in the fall (32) part of their reproductive process. Other causes include organisms such as dust mites and molds. Chemicals, plants and dead skin particles (33) dogs and cats can also cause allergi
17、c reactions. (34) can insect stings and some foods. The most common kind of (35) reaction is itchy, watery eyes and a blocked or watery nose. Allergies can also (36) red, itchy skin. Some reactions can be life-threatening for example, when breathing passages become (37). Avoiding (38) causes an alle
18、rgy may not always be easy. Antihistamine drugs (39) offer an effective treatment. Another (40) used in some cases is called immunotherapy. A patient is (41) with small amounts of the allergy-causing substance. The idea is that larger and larger amounts are given over time (42) the patient develops
19、a resistance (43) the allergen. In the United States, experts estimate that up to four percent of adults and up to eight percent of young children have food (44). Every year these allergies cause about thirty thousand (45) of anaphylaxis, a severe reaction that requires immediate treatment. It can r
20、esult (46) trouble breathing and in some cases death. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases says one hundred to two hundred people die. It says most of the reactions are caused (47) peanuts and tree nuts such as walnuts. People can also be allergic to medicines. The American Acad
21、emy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology says about five to ten percent of bad reactions to commonly used (48) are allergic. In other words, a persons immune system overreacts and (49) an allergic reaction. The (50) common reactions include skin rashes, itching, breathing problems and swelling in areas
22、 such as the face. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Immigrants to New York used to be greeted with signs like “Help Wanted: No Irish Need Apply“. But these days, newcomers from
23、Dublin are more likely to be mobbed by luxury property developers trying to hawk them $1 million condos (a handful of new buildings in the city are marketed mainly to rich Irish). Manhattan, like other posh areas of America, is now full of homes meant for foreigners. One in five American real estate
24、 agents sold a house to an expatriate last year. The reason is obvious: From Rio to Riyad, dollar assets are a bargain. The shift, which has been coming for several years now and will be much discussed at the World Economic Forum in Davos this week, is seismic. Since the end of World War , the dolla
25、rs unique role as the international currency has afforded Americans a tremendously privileged place in the world. We filled most of the seats on transatlantic flights, and bought second homes abroad. Our currency was prized by central banks. Countries pegged their monies to the dollar. Commodities w
26、ere priced in dollars. The strength of the greenback, and of the economy, underpinned U.S. global hegemony in politics and culture. Big American banks like Citibank used to fund Third World governments now those governments are buying Citibank on the cheap. Clearly, times have changed. The dollar al
27、ong with Americas economic place in the world has been on a well-documented downward spiral since 2002. Back then, a euro was worth 86 cents. Today, it buys $1.46. Of course, the euros relative youth makes talk of “historic lows“ easy to dismiss. More telling is that the U.S. Dollar Index, a futures
28、 contract reflecting the dollars strength against six other major trading currencies, hit the lowest mark in its 35-year history just before Christmas. The shift will of course have major ramifications. Countries are beginning to de-link their currencies from the dollar, as inflationary pressures ma
29、ke it difficult to implement effective local monetary policy. Large global creditors like the Chinese have announced their intent to scale back on dollar reserves. European Central Bank head Jean-Claude Trichet is grousing about “brutal“ movements in the dollar-euro exchange rate slashing profits at
30、 Europes biggest firms. Just last week, Airbus CEO Tom Enders warned that a weak dollar threatened the long-term existence of the Continental aerospace giant. Japans new Prime Minister Yasuo Fukada worries that the plunging greenback will bring back deflation. And OPEC is studying the possibility of
31、 pricing oil in euros a move that would not only amount to a vote of no confidence from some of Americas largest creditors, but would also make energy much more expensive for the United States, compounding the economic troubles which led to a weak dollar in the first place. Venuezuelan president and
32、 Bush-basher Hugo Chavez recently gloated, “The empire of the dollar is crumbling“. But thats not quite right. The majority of the worlds financial assets and central bank reserves are still held in dollars. It will take years for the euro to become a real rival; the renminbi will rise over decades.
33、 Still, whats clear is that we have entered a new era. The United States can no longer rule the world on credit. A rebalancing has begun. 51 Which is true of Manhattan luxury homes? （ A） 20% of them were sold to foreigners last year. （ B） Many of them were built for foreign buyers. （ C） They were ma
34、inly targeted at buyers from Dublin. （ D） The prices are falling down sharply. 52 The dollars major contribution to the country is_. （ A） promoting international travel. （ B） encouraging consumption abroad. （ C） increasing financial aids to poor countries. （ D） earning a unique place in the world. 5
35、3 The rise of euro indicates_. （ A） The value of the dollar is taking a downturn. （ B） The value of the dollar hits historic lows. （ C） The dollar is no longer prized by central banks. （ D） Europes economic strength has doubled since 2002. 54 _ is currently working on possible actions to reduce harm
36、 done by the weakening dollar. （ A） European Central Bank （ B） American Citibank （ C） Airbus （ D） OPEC 55 The decline of the dollar means_. （ A） The dollar is giving way to the euro. （ B） The dollar reserves are shrinking drastically. （ C） A new order of currencies is emerging. （ D） The dollar has l
37、ost its ruling place. 56 Diamonds are best known as the “girls best friend“ in rings, tiaras and the Pink Panther films. Yet the aesthetic uses for these sparklers are in the minority. Today, many diamonds are made synthetically for a vast range of uses, from surgeons scalpels to super-fast microchi
38、ps. Labs produce 180 tonnes of diamond each year almost nine times as much as comes out of the ground. And its strength, clarity and chemical resistance could make it the engineering material of the 21st century. Already, there are diamond heat sinks for tiny integrated circuits, diamond coatings on
39、 joint replacements and diamond windows on space probes. Soon, a diamond coating could protect your car gearbox, and super-strong diamond threads be used to reinforce ultra-light aircraft. Diamond is far more than just a pretty rock. It has an impressive list of properties. As the hardest material k
40、nown to science, it is resistant to attack by strong acids and alkalis and is a superb conductor of heat. This all means that there are many uses for diamond apart from the purely decorative. Because it dissipates heat so well much better than silicon, engineers want to build microchips on layers of
41、 diamond. They could then squeeze yet more electronic components into smaller areas without the circuit overheating, to produce a new generation of super-fast computers. The key to diamonds extraordinary properties is its structure. Carbon can form four strong bonds with other molecules, which is wh
42、y it forms the basis of so many organic compounds and is the building block of life. When four carbon atoms are linked together in a regular lattice, the result is a diamond crystal. Another form of carbon is the graphite in pencils. Companies such as De Beers and General Electric have been making s
43、ynthetic diamonds since the early 1950s. Almost any substance rich in carbon can be converted into diamond. General Electric chemist Robert Wentorf once made diamonds from peanut butter. A newer process, chemical vapour deposition(CVD), is used to produce ultra-hard diamond coatings. CVD used high t
44、emperatures but low pressures to coat a substance with carbon vapour, as a layer of small diamond crystals. These crystals will eventually join together and can be used to create huge gems. Diamonds such as this are usually sliced up to produce long scalpels or other tools. CVD has scientists excite
45、d. “For the first time, we have all the superlative properties of diamond in a form thats useful for engineering applications“. Says May, who uses CVD to create diamond threads by coating tungsten wire. So it seems that diamonds are not just a girls best friend, but an engineers too. 56 Which of the
46、 following best explains what makes diamond a good engineering material? （ A） It has many decorative uses. （ B） It is the hardest material ever known. （ C） It has many superlative properties. （ D） It is resistant to attack by acids and alkalis. 57 What diamond products are to be launched in the mark
47、et? （ A） Diamond heat sinks for tiny integrated circuits. （ B） Diamond coatings on joint replacements. （ C） Diamond windows on space probes. （ D） Super-strong diamond threads to reinforce ultra-light aircraft. 58 Which comparison is true according to the passage? （ A） Diamond jewels are more expensi
48、ve than jewels of other materials. （ B） Lab-produced diamonds outnumber natural diamonds. （ C） Diamonds conduct heat as well as silicon. （ D） De Beers started making synthetic diamonds much earlier than General Electric. 59 Which property of diamond makes it a perfect material for super-fast microch
49、ips? （ A） Strength. （ B） Clarity. （ C） Conductivity. （ D） Resistance. 60 CVD is a process to produce_. （ A） diamond coatings. （ B） carbon vapor. （ C） decorative gems. （ D） large diamond crystals. 61 The American Academy of Pediatrics raised eyebrows recently when it released new guidelines saying that pacifiers may protect against Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The use of pacifiers for sleeping infants has always been controversial, both in families and medical circles the World Health Organization (
