1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 62及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Sarah started studying philosophy before she went to primary school. （ A） Right （ B） Wr
2、ong 2 She had to get up at 7:30 every morning. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 She began to appreciate what her parents had done for her at eighth grade. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 She despises children who watch TV everyday. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 She does voluntary work for the U.N. during vacations. （ A） R
3、ight （ B） Wrong 6 Her mother was happy that her children were doing things she wanted them to do. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Her mother had to stay in the car a lot of the time while her children took the Saturday classes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Sarah believes that involvement in extracurricular activ
4、ities is vital for a college acceptance. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 She worked in Northern Ireland in 1999 for a senator. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Sarah now majors in international relations at the University of Pennsylvania. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or tal
5、ks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What did we learn about the aesthesiometer used by Prof. Allen? （ A） It consists of two points, one movable and the other fixed. （ B） It consists of two metal points. （ C） It consists of two plas
6、tic points. （ D） It consists of two disposable points. 12 Which of the following represents Prof. Allens findings? （ A） The uninked parts of tattooed participants are more sensitive than those of their untattooed counterparts. （ B） The uninked parts of tattooed participants are less sensitive than t
7、hose of their untattooed counterparts. （ C） The uninked parts of tattooed participants are as sensitive as those of their untattooed counterparts. （ D） The uninked parts of tattooed participants performed differently in different tests. 13 Two points on a tattooed body feels distinct at what distanc
8、e? （ A） At least 32mm. （ B） At least 30mm. （ C） At least 28mm. （ D） At least 4mm. 14 How many bird victims were there in the oil spill in San Fransisco Bay? （ A） About 30,000. （ B） About 500. （ C） About 700. （ D） About 1,200. 15 Which helps an oiled bird to recover? （ A） The birds self-cleaning proc
9、ess. （ B） Washing the bird with water. （ C） Feeding medicines. （ D） Injections. 16 How do people decide whether an oiled bird is curable? （ A） By taking blood and feather samples. （ B） By keeping the bird under observation. （ C） By examining its waste. （ D） By measuring its vitamin levels. 17 How ma
10、ny people live in cities now? （ A） 30% of the worlds population. （ B） 40% of the worlds population. （ C） 50% of the worlds population. （ D） 60% of the worlds population. 18 How many people live in areas of poverty, slums in cities? （ A） One billion. （ B） Two billion. （ C） Three billion. （ D） Four bi
11、llion. 19 What has happened in the city of Freetown, Sierra Leone? （ A） A new bus system has been created. （ B） Farming has been established within the city. （ C） Factories have been moved out. （ D） Health care has been improved. 20 What have researches of all kinds discovered? （ A） There is a serio
12、us link between urban poverty and environment. （ B） There is a noticeable link between size of population and urban poverty （ C） There is a positive link between education and quality of life. （ D） There is a causal link between climate change and supply of food. Part C Directions: You will hear a t
13、alk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 How long did Jones work at the accounting f
14、irm? 22 What did Jones decide to do after getting a Ph.D. in accounting? 23 Did Jones lifelong dream come true? 24 While teaching advanced auditing classes, Jones has published his work in _. 25 According to the survey in 2006, how many of the surveyed retirees want to go on working after retirement
15、? 26 Its true that many retirees continue working not only for their self-fulfillment but also for _. 27 Retired registered nurses want to take a several-day intensive training program because they want to _. 28 Its unable for the Owensboro Medical Health System to train 530 employees because they a
16、re short of _. 29 The California Governors office issued a release for 33,000 new _teachers. 30 Is it possible for every retirees to get free training and reeducation? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable
17、 word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Centuries ago, Western culture lost its focus (31) the interconnectedness between the body and the mind (32) spirit, and how each has the power to affect the (33). Cultivating a love of movement can help you get beyond the concept of physical fitness a
18、s separate from (34) fitness, and toward a lifelong program of good health through mind and body fitness. Whether you choose yoga or another (35) of movement for exercise, remember that our bodies are (36) to move to feel good. So (37) you incorporate regular activity in your life, you are moving cl
19、oser to overall mind and body fitness. But if you are overweight, this can be (38) difficult. You can improve your mind-body connection for better mind and body fitness, its just important to choose realistic fitness options. You might consider redefining exercise (39) any activity that unites your
20、mind and body and reduces your stress level. In fact, high levels of stress have been (40) to weight gain, and certainly can (41) to emotional eating. Finding activities (42) are both enjoyable and easy to do is important (43) developing any type of exercise plan. Its important to be realistic about
21、 (44) we expect from ourselves. Consider your goals. Is 30 to 60 minutes on a treadmill a reasonable time frame (45) this point in your life? Are you setting yourself up for failure (46) success when you create this expectation for yourself? Developing an exercise plan that (47) your lifestyle and y
22、our desires is critical. Surprisingly, long-term weight loss is linked more closely to (48) a person sticks (49) their fitness routine than to (50) that routine actually consists of. A routine that is gentle and pleasurable is more likely to lead to the long-term gains you are seeking. Part A Direct
23、ions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Allergies cause heaps of trouble. Some people suffer the nuisance of seasonal hay fever, snuffling and sneezing as pollen flows through the air. Others react
24、 to materials such as metals, developing unpleasant rashes at their very touch. And some sorry souls go into shock at the mere presence of certain foods, particularly peanuts and shellfish. The cause in each case is an oversensitive immune system that is reacting to harmless materials as well as to
25、the pathogens it is supposed to be fighting. This creates annoying and sometimes life-threatening symptoms. Chronically over-reactive immune systems may not, though, be an entirely bad thing. Another role played by the immune system is to destroy malignant tumours before they take hold and work carr
26、ied out recently by Annette Wigertz of the Karolinska Institute, in Stockholm, and her colleagues suggests that the immune systems of those with allergies may be particularly good at this. However, in a nice example of the way that one set of data is sometimes capable of divergent indeed, opposite i
27、nterpretations, she may instead have discovered a clue about how cancers shut down immune systems in order that they themselves may prosper. This Manichean finding came after Dr. Wigertz and her team interviewed 1,527 people with gliomas (a type of brain turnout) in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden
28、and the south-east of England. The researchers asked the patients in question whether they had a history of allergies, and then compared the results with those for 3,309 otherwise similar individuals who did not have brain tumours. As Dr. Wigertz reports in the American Journal of Epidemiology, the
29、tumour-free were, indeed, more likely to suffer from allergies. The presence of an allergy was associated with a 30% reduction in the likelihood of having a glioma. This was not all that surprising. Previous research had detected similar inverse correlations between allergies and brain tumours, sugg
30、esting that a welcome side effect of allergy was resistance to cancer. But this new study went further. It looked carefully at the time in the patients lives when their allergies were active, and it found that this timing was crucial. Dr. Wigertz noted that the absence of allergy was correlated with
31、 the time when a glioma first formed. That was true even in people who had previously had allergies which had then cleared up. Awkwardly, this result is open to two rather different interpretations. The optimistic explanation is that the hyperactive immune system associated with allergy does, indeed
32、, protect against turnouts. In that case, the coincidence was caused by turnouts taking advantage, as it were, of the reduced immune surveillance that accompanied the disappearance of the allergy. The sinister interpretation is that tumours are doing something as they grow that suppresses the immune
33、 system and thus allergic reactions. Either way, turnout and lack of allergy coincide. And either way, something interesting is going on. But Dr. Wigertzs result illustrates the perils of leaping to conclusions on the basis of incomplete data. 51 Which of the following is a disease? （ A） Nuisance. （
34、 B） Pollen. （ C） Rash. （ D） Shock. 52 The second paragraph suggests that what has been discovered about immune system can be used_. （ A） to strengthen immune systems capacity to fight pathogens. （ B） to create immune system with allergies. （ C） to interpretate the data contained in immune system. （
35、D） to find out how cancers fight immune system. 53 Which of the following statements about Dr. Wigertzs study is TRUE? （ A） the interviewees of the study are those who are suffering allergies. （ B） the team examined 1, 527 cases. （ C） there is a negative correlation between allergies and brain tumor
36、s. （ D） 30% of those who suffer from glioma also suffer from allergies. 54 The new study surpasses the previous one in that_. （ A） it identified side effects of allergies. （ B） it established that allergy can be cancer-resistant. （ C） it specified the time when allergy is active in human body. （ D）
37、it found more about how allergy is correlated with tumor. 55 Dr. Wigertzs finding suggests_. （ A） that allergic reactions can be either good or bad. （ B） that its still early to draw any conclusion. （ C） that allergies may suppress the growth of tumor. （ D） that they are not quite sure about the con
38、sequence of their study. 56 The award of the Nobel science prizes often brings blinking into the limelight people who have laboured unknown to the wider world. Seldom, though, is there such a compelling human story to go with the intellectual one as that of Mario Capecchi, one of the winners of the
39、medicine prize. His father was an airman who was killed in North Africa during the Second World War. His mother was sent to Dachau concentration camp. He survived more than three years as a street kid in Italy before migrating to America after the war was over and yet he ended up helping to develop
40、one of the most important tools of modern biology, the knockout mouse. It is not quite a rags-to-riches story. In truth, his family was well connected in a bohemian sort of way, and his mother (the daughter of a painter and an archaeologist) was an American. But it does make great copy for reporters
41、 covering an event that has the true characteristics of celebrity. For, like many of those who populate the pages of celebrity magazines, the Nobel prizewinners are most famous for being famous. In most years, the prize-winning work itself makes dull copy. This year, however, the prize committees of
42、 the Karolinska Institute (Swedens main medical school) and the countrys Royal Academy of Science seem to have taken some lessons in public relations. Not only have they picked a researcher with an interesting back-story, but they have also cunningly disguised a deserved but possibly contentious awa
43、rd by bundling it in with something else. On top of that, one of the topics chosen for a prize has an obvious resonance with the public. The bundling was done in the medicine prize. Dr. Capecchi shares this with Oliver Smithies, another immigrant to America (he was born in Britain) and Sir Martin Ev
44、ans, a Briton who stayed at home. Working independently, these three men provided the parts that, when put together, enable the elimination of one gene at a time from the genetic make-up of a mouse. That is of medical significance because it allows mouse “models“ of human genetic diseases to be made
45、 and most diseases have at least some genetic component. The physics prize, by contrast, has nothing but feel-good about it. It is for giant magnetoresistance the basis of modern computer hard-drive memories. The phenomenon itself was discovered, independently, by Albert Fert, a Frenchman, and Peter
46、 Grunberg, a German, in 1988. Its significance is that a small magnetic field can induce a large change in the electrical conductivity of an appropriately designed material. The result has been that the amount of data computers can store has grown even faster than their ability to process it. 56 Mar
47、io Capecchi_. （ A） was born in Italy. （ B） was born into a poor family. （ C） joined his family in America after the war. （ D） had tough time during his childhood because of the war. 57 Mario Capecchi was well reported because of_. （ A） his life story. （ B） his achievement in biology. （ C） his study
48、field. （ D） his unusual intelligence. 58 The prize committee improves their work by_. （ A） setting up more rigorous standards. （ B） paying more attention to public response. （ C） finding more interesting topics in science. （ D） learning lessons from scientific world. 59 The Nobel prizewinners in med
49、icine_. （ A） based their studies in America. （ B） brought their findings together to form a comprehensive solution to genetic diseases. （ C） experimented on mouse modeling human diseases. （ D） worked out things that are highly related to each other. 60 The physics prize_. （ A） awarded a finding which turned out to be insignificant. （ B） went to two scholars who worked with computer. （ C） had something in common with the medicine prize. （ D） substantially improved the efficiency of computing. 61
