1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 64及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 The diagnosis of the brothers cancer caught the family off guard. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
2、 2 The U.S. has the best health care system in the world. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Peoples medical spending reflects their belief in the importance of prevention. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Uncertainty is the fundamental problem of American health care system. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Transparency and qu
3、ality are something desirable in the “staying healthy“ industry. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 When people get sick, usually the employer and the patient will co-pay the bill. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 The speaker thinks that people should pay less for health out of their own pockets. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
4、8 In their attempt to stay healthy, people are not only buying but also learning. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 The speaker is the founder of Revolution Health. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 The speaker believes that people can be proactive about their health if they are supported and informed. （ A） Right （ B）
5、 Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the reason why manga have to cover a diverse range of themes? （ A） They have a complex history. （ B） They have to attract aud
6、ience from all age groups. （ C） They have to expand its market worldwide. （ D） They have to increase its popularity. 12 What is tankobon? （ A） A collection of a successful series of manga. （ B） The reprinting of a manga magazine with successful stories. （ C） A commercially successful publishing comp
7、any. （ D） A popular manga series. 13 What is manga? （ A） The Japanese word for comic magazines. （ B） The title of a popular magazine published in Japan. （ C） An influential art style employed by artists across the world. （ D） A particular form of painting originated in Japan. 14 What is “bus bunchin
8、g“? （ A） The phenominon that a number of buses arrive at a stop simultaneously. （ B） The phenominon that a number of buses are delayed at the same time. （ C） The phenominon that a number of buses are running on the same street at the same time. （ D） The situation that a bus has more than the usual n
9、umber of passengers on board. 15 What is the situation during the 1960s like? （ A） It was the only time in history when the English were particularly obsessed with queueing. （ B） The longest bus queue was seen at Sloane Street. （ C） The longest bus queue was seen at Battersea Park. （ D） 137A bus ran
10、 the shortest route in London. 16 What was the difficulty London Transport was in during the 1960s? （ A） Its staff was in need of pre-post training. （ B） They were in need of a qualified staff. （ C） Its staff was in lack of teamwork. （ D） Its staff did its job playfully. 17 What can be cited to show
11、 Mr. Eliassons understanding of total-immersion art? （ A） Tate Modern in London. （ B） The dyed rivers. （ C） The use of sustainable material. （ D） The viewers response. 18 What is the speakers suggestion to understand the pavilion in Hyde Park? （ A） To walk up the ramp and experience it. （ B） To take
12、 pictures from various angles. （ C） To describe it through precise analysis. （ D） To listen to Eliassons speech about his mission. 19 What does Mr. Eliasson think of artists mission? （ A） He thinks that artists should keep afar from social change. （ B） He advocates that artists should believe in soc
13、ial interaction. （ C） He suggests that art should engage people and society. （ D） He believes that good artistic work should be an experience. 20 How did Mr. Eliasson defend his work for BMW? （ A） He said he could use the money for charity. （ B） He said he didnt live in an isolated world. （ C） He ho
14、ped to inspire people through the car. （ D） He hoped to express his love towards people. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right
15、. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 The movement of the sun creates periods of _. 22 When the moon is _ it is a full moon. 23 The development of the first calendar was probably based on _. 24 According to Babylonian astronomers, how many days were there
16、in a year? 25 The _ of the sundials stick marks the passing of time. 26 What is the hourglass shaped like? 27 In an hourglass, sand drops from the top to the bottom through a small _ in the middle. 28 What timepiece had people developed by the 18th century? 29 When was the international conference t
17、hat divided the world into 24 time zones held? 30 What is the Greenwich Mean Time called now? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 International free trade o
18、ccurs when there are no barriers to trade. Countries can get a lot of benefits from free trade. (31), all countries choose to adopt protection policies to some extent In this essay, I will give (32) of the arguments in favour of world free trade, describe the methods for the trade protection policie
19、s (33) countries erect to protect domestic industries and give the arguments which can be put (34) to justify protectionist policies. Tariffs are taxes on (35) products. Sometimes, tariffs are known (36) imports duties and customs duties. They can be used (37) raise revenue. But, they are usually us
20、ed to (38) imports and also to help domestic producers. The effect of imposing (39) tariff is to raise price for domestic consumers, and some consumers will switch consumption (40) imported goods to domestically produced substitutes. (41) are two types of tariffs. One is percentage taxes, it is base
21、d on percentage of value of goods. (42) one is specific (fixed sum taxes), it is based on a fixed tax (43) unit or weight. Quota is a limit on the supply of goods or services. It can be imposed on exports. The domestic market share will increase because of (44) a limit on the quantity of imported go
22、ods. However, the price of protected goods will also rise because a quota is to reduce supply. Voluntary export restraint or restriction (45) similar to a quota, but this time the limit on imports arises from a voluntary agreement (46) the exporting and importing countries. For example, the UK had a
23、n agreement with Japanese car (47) that they should not take (48) than 10 percent of the UK car market. Exchange control means that a government control on foreign currency controls importers access to foreign currency. This is a (49) which was used by a number of European countries, (50) the UK, in
24、 the 1960s and 1970s and is still found in some developing countries. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 It is said that the mass media are the greatest organs for enlightenment t
25、hat the world has yet seen; that in Britain, for instance, several million people see each issue of the current affairs program, Panorama. It is true that never in human history were so many people so often and so much exposed to so many intimations about societies, forms of life, attitudes other th
26、an those which obtain in their own local societies. This kind of exposure may well be a point of departure for acquiring certain important intellectual and imaginative qualities, width of judgment, a sense of the variety of possible attitudes. Yet in itself such exposure does not bring intellectual
27、or imaginative development. It is no more than the masses of a stone which lies around in a quarry and which may, conceivably, go to the making of a cathedral. The mass media cannot build the cathedral, and their way of showing the stones does not always prompt others to build. For the stones are pr
28、esented within a self-contained and self-sufficient world in which, it is implied, simply to look at them, to observe fleetingly individually interesting points of difference between them, is sufficient in itself. Life is indeed full of problems on which we have to or feel we should try to make deci
29、sions, as citizens or as private individuals. But neither the real difficulty of these decisions, nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual, can often be communicated through the mass media. The disinclination to suggest real choice, individual decision, which is to be found in the
30、mass media is simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy. It is within the grain of mass communications. The organs of the establishment, however well-intentioned they may be and whatever their form (the State, the Church, voluntary societies, political parties), have a ve
31、sted interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked, and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which, though the skin to where such enquiries might really hurt. They will tend to move, when exposing problem
32、s, well within the accepted clichclich not to make a disturbing application of them to features of contemporary agitation of problems for the sake of the interest of that agitation in itself; they will therefore, again, assist a form of acceptance of the status quo. There are exceptions to this tend
33、ency, but they are uncharacteristic. The result can be found in a hundred radio and television programs as plainly as in the normal treatment of public issues in the popular press. Different levels of background in the readers or viewers may be assumed, but what usually takes place is a substitute f
34、or the process of arriving at judgment. Programs such as this are noteworthy less for the “stimulation“ they offer than for the fact that stimulation (repeated at regular intervals) may become a substitute for, and so a hindrance to, judgments carefully arrived at and tested in the mind and on the p
35、ulses. Mass communications, then, do not ignore intellectual matters; they tend to castrate them, to allow them to sit on the side of the fireplace, sleek and useless, a family plaything. 51 According to the passage, the mass media present us with_. （ A） insufficient diversity of information. （ B） t
36、oo restricted a view of life. （ C） a wide range of facts and opinions. （ D） a critical assessment of our society. 52 The word “disinclination“ (line 3, para.2) implies that_. （ A） mass media are not capable of giving real choice and individual decision. （ B） mass media do not feel like giving real c
37、hoice and individual decision. （ C） mass media do not manage to give red choice and individual decision. （ D） people do not expect to get real choice and decision from mass media. 53 The author uses the comparison with building a cathedral to show that_. （ A） worthwhile results do not depend on raw
38、material only. （ B） the mediaeval world had different beliefs. （ C） great works of art require good foundations. （ D） close attention to detail is important. 54 Radio, TV and the press are criticized here for_. （ A） widening the gap between classes. （ B） assuming that everyones tastes are the same.
39、（ C） failing to reach any definite conclusions. （ D） setting too intellectual a standard. 55 What is the authors final judgment on how mass communications deal with intellectual matters? （ A） They regard them as unimportant. （ B） They see them as a domestic pastime. （ C） They consider them to be of
40、only domestic interest. （ D） They rob them of their dramatic impact. 56 For the past six years, crime rates have been falling all over America. In some big cities, the fall has been extraordinary. Between 1994 and 1997 in New York city violent crime fell by 39% in central Harlem and by 45% in the on
41、ce-terrifying South Bronx. The latest figures released by the FBI, for 1997, show that serious crime continued to fall in all the largest cities, though a little more slowly than in 1996. Violent crime fell by 5% in all, and by slightly more in cities with over 250,000 people. Property crimes have f
42、allen, too, by more than 20% since 1980, so that the rates for burglary and car-theft are lower in America than they are in supposedly more law-abiding Britain and Scandinavia. And people have noticed. In 1994, 30% of Americans told pollsters that crime was the most important challenge facing the co
43、untry. In 1997, only 15% thought so. Some cities police departments are so impressed by these figures, it is said, that they have lately taken to exaggerating the plunge in crime. Why this has happened is anyones guess. Many factors social, demographic, economic, and political affect crime rate, so
44、it is difficult to put a finger on the vital clue. In May this year, the FBI itself admitted it had “no idea“ why rates were falling so fast. Politicians think they know, of course. Ask Rudy Giuliani, the mayor of New York, why his city has made such strides in beating crime that it accounts for ful
45、ly a quarter of the national decline. He will cite his policy of “zero tolerance“. This concept, which sprang from a famous article by two criminologists in Atlantic Monthly in March 1982, maintains that by refusing to tolerate tiny infractions of the law dropping litter, spray-painting walls the au
46、thorities can create a climate in which crime of more dangerous kinds finds it impossible to flourish. The Atlantic article was called “Broken Windows“; if one window in a building was left broken, it argued, all the others would soon be gone. The answer: mend the window, fast. The metro system in W
47、ashington D.C., was the first place where zero tolerance drew public attention, especially when one passenger was arrested for eating a banana. The policy seemed absurdly pernickety, yet it worked: in a better environment, peoples behavior improved, and crime dropped. Mr. Giuliani, taking this theme
48、 to heart, has gone further. He has cracked down on windscreen-cleaners, public urinators graffiti, and even jaywalkers. He has excoriated New Yorks famously sullen cabdrivers, and wants all New Yorkers to be nicer to each other. Tony Blair, visiting from London, has been hugely impressed. But is th
49、is cleanliness and civility the main reason why crime has fallen? It seems unlikely. “Zero tolerance“ can also be a distraction, making too many policemen spend too much time handing out littering tickets and parking fines while, some streets away, young men are being murdered for their trainers. It is localized, too: though lower Manhattan or the Washington metro can show the uncanny orderliness of a communist regime, other parts of the city the areas of highest crime maybe left largely untreated. William Bratton
