1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 68及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 The staff members of the restaurant dont share in decision-making. （ A） Right （ B） Wron
2、g 2 The owner, Paul, always has the final say when disagreement comes up. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Alan has been with Paul for fifteen years. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 Paul once lectured on cooking with practical demonstrations in Australia and New Zealand. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 His lecture had been
3、very popular. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Paul once wanted to set up his business in a competitive place. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 The restaurant used to be a farmhouse. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Paul feels all right keeping serving the same dishes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Alan may not want to have his rec
4、ipe publicized. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 The woman is a journalist from a magazine. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Where is population growth happeni
5、ng? （ A） In all countries in the world. （ B） In a few countries only. （ C） In most countries. （ D） Mainly in developed countries. 12 Which of the following is TRUE according to the talk? （ A） There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years. （ B） The worlds birth rate is higher than t
6、hat of ten years ago. （ C） Families are as large as before. （ D） Birth control has been carried out well all over the world. 13 Why may it happen in the future that people working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes? （ A） Because more and mere children will be born. （ B） Because they will e
7、arn more money. （ C） Because they will have higher living standards. （ D） Because the number of retired people will become ever larger. 14 Who is the man? （ A） Student advisor. （ B） Course teacher. （ C） Admissions officer. （ D） Department secretary. 15 Which subject does the student say she was good
8、 at? （ A） Computer programming. （ B） Art and design. （ C） Electronics. （ D） Mathematics. 16 What will she most likely do eventually? （ A） Do basic electronics. （ B） Teach English literature. （ C） Produce educational games. （ D） Write computer programs. 17 Where did classical music originate? （ A） In
9、 Asia. （ B） In Africa. （ C） In Europe. （ D） In Australia. 18 Blues and “Enke“ are example of what kinds of music? （ A） Traditional music. （ B） Folk music. （ C） Classical music. （ D） Rock music. 19 In what way is jazz music different from other kinds of music? （ A） It is very inspiring and exciting.
10、（ B） It doesns need wind instrument. （ C） It is a combination of folk music and rock music. （ D） It has a different kind of rhythm. 20 What kind of instruments are used in rock music? （ A） Electric instruments. （ B） Chemical instruments. （ C） Medical instruments. （ D） Probing instruments. Part C Dir
11、ections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What are the bigg
12、est four-legged animals living on land? 22 How heavy may a newly-born baby elephant be? 23 At what time will an elephant stop growing? 24 How tall may an adult elephant be? 25 What do we call the very long noses of the elephant? 26 Besides smelling things, what can the elephants long nose do? 27 Wha
13、t does elephant like to eat? 28 What do the elephants strong legs look like? 29 How do elephants live in the jungles? Alone or together? 30 Can you use three adjectives to describe elephants? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered
14、spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Multidisciplinary science is all the rage these days. Even (31), the overlap between archaeology and pharmacology is not, at first (32), obvious. But there is a connection. An analytical technique developed for the (33), used to
15、 work out how old things are, is now (34) used in the latter, to see if promising drugs are likely to fail (35) expensive clinical trials are undertaken. At the (36), a third of drug candidates do not pass such trials. This may be (37) they fail to reach the part of the body where they are (38) to w
16、ork many molecules, for (39), cannot cross from the bloodstream into the brain. Or it may be that the body breaks down the active ingredients before the drug has time to act. Identifying (40) problems early in the testing process would be a boon. Trials on (41) can help, but how other species react
17、is not always a good indication of how people will. What is needed is a way of testing potential drugs on people, (42) in a way that cannot possibly cause any harm. That is (43) the archaeologists come in. (44) decades, archaeologists have used a technique called carbon dating to work (45) how old t
18、heir finds are. Some of the carbon dioxide absorbed by plants during photosynthesis is (46). That is because it contains carbon atoms which are (47) than run-of-the-mill carbon, and are unstable. The radioactive carbon atoms weigh 14 atomic units, (48) nm-of-the-mill ones weigh 12 units. Food grains
19、, scraps of cloth and so on can thus be dated by finding out how (49) radioactive carbon is left in them: the less there is, the (50) they are. (278 words) Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER
20、SHEET 1. 51 In recent years, there has been a steady assault on salt from the doctors: salt is bad for you regardless of your health. Politicians also got on board. “There is a direct relationship“, U.S. congressman Neal Smith noted, “between the amount of sodium a person consumes and heart disease,
21、 circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death“. Frightening, if true! But many doctors and medical researchers are now beginning to feel the salt scare has gone too far. “All this hue and cry about eating salt is unnecessary“, Dr. Dustan insists. “For most of us it probably doesnt make much di
22、fference how much salt we eat“. Dustan s most recent short- term study of 150 people showed that those with normal blood pressure experienced no change at all when placed on an extremely low-salt diet, or later when salt was reintroduced. Of the hypertensive subjects, however, half of those on the l
23、ow-salt diet did experience a drop in blood pressure, which returned to its previous level when salt was reintroduced. “An adequate to somewhat excessive salt intake has probably saved many more lives than it has cost in the general population“, notes Dr. John H. Laragh. “So a recommendation that th
24、e whole population should avoid salt makes no sense“. Medical experts agree that everyone should practice reasonable “moderation“ in salt consumption. For the average person, a moderate amount might run from four to ten grams a day, or roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of a teaspoon. The equivalent of one to two g
25、rams of this salt allowance would come from the natural sodium in food. The rest would be added in processing, preparation or at the table. Those with kidney, liver or heart problems may have to limit dietary salt, if their doctor advises. But even the very vocal “low salt“ exponent, Dr. Arthur Hull
26、 Hayes, Jr. admits that “we do not know whether increased sodium consumption causes hypertension“. In fact, there is growing scientific evidence that other factors may be involved: deficiencies in calcium, potassium, perhaps magnesium; obesity (much more dangerous than sodium); genetic predispositio
27、n; stress. “It is not your enemy“, says Dr. Laragh. “Salt is the No. 1 natural component of all human tissue, and the idea that you dont need it is wrong. Unless your doctor has proven that you have a salt-related health problem, there is no mason to give it up. 51 According to some doctors and poli
28、ticians, the amount of salt consumed _. （ A） exhibits as an aggravating factor to people in poor health. （ B） cures diseases such as stroke and circulatory disorders. （ C） correlates highly with some diseases. （ D） is irrelevant to people suffering from heart disease. 52 From Dr. Dustans study we ca
29、n infer that _. （ A） a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some people. （ B） the amount of salt intake has nothing to do with ones blood pressure. （ C） the reduction of salt intake can cure a hypertensive patient. （ D） an extremely low-salt diet makes no difference to anyone. 53 In the third paragra
30、ph, Dr. Laragh implies that _. （ A） people should not be afraid of taking excessive salt. （ B） doctors should not advise people to avoid salt. （ C） an adequate to excessive salt intake is recommended for people in disease. （ D） excessive salt intake has claimed some victims in the general population
31、. 54 The phrase “vocal.exponent“ (line 2, para. 5) most probably refers to _. （ A） eloquent doctor. （ B） articulate opponent. （ C） loud speaker. （ D） strong advocate. 55 What is the main message of this text? （ A） That the salt Scare is not justified. （ B） That the cause of hypertension is now under
32、stood. （ C） That tile moderate use of salt is recommended. （ D） That salt consumption is to be promoted. 56 A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resour
33、ces of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending. If an economist was asked which of three groups borrow most people with rising incomes, stable incomes or declining incomes he would probably answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the year 1947 1950
34、, the answer was people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expec
35、t prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in. an int
36、erview at a time of rising prices. “In a few months, “she said, “we will have to pay more for meat and milk, we will have less to spend on other things“. Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may b
37、e resented and buyers resistance may be evoked. This is shown by the following typical comment: “I just dont pay these prices, they are too high“. The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results more
38、 in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conductive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy, thus, it appears that the common business policy of
39、 maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology. 56 According to the passage, if one wants to predict the way consumers will spend their money, he should _. （ A） rely on traditional assumptions about earning and spending. （ B） try to encourage or discourage cons
40、umers to spend money. （ C） carry out investigations on consumer money spending motives. （ D） do researches in consumer psychology in a lab. 57 According to the passage, research surveys have proved that _. （ A） price increases always stimulate people to hasten to buy things. （ B） rising of prices ma
41、y make people out of their purchase of certain things. （ C） women are more sensitive to the rising in prices than men. （ D） the expectations of price increases often make buyers feel angry. 58 The results of the investigation on consumer psychology carried out in America were those of the investigat
42、ions made at the same time in Great Britain. （ A） somewhat different from （ B） exactly the same as （ C） much better than （ D） not as good as 59 From the results of the surveys, the writer of this article _. （ A） concludes that the saving and spending patterns in Great Britain are better than those i
43、n America. （ B） concludes the consumers always expect prices to remain stable. （ C） concludes that maintaining stable prices is a correct business policy. （ D） does not draw any conclusion. 60 Which of the following statement is always TRUE according to the surveys mentioned in the passage? （ A） Con
44、sumers will put off buying things if they expect prices to decrease. （ B） Consumers will spend their money quickly if they expect prices to increase. （ C） The price condition has an influence on consumer behavior. （ D） Traditional assumptions about earning and spending are reliable. 61 Travel is at
45、its best a solitary enterprise: to see, to examine, to assess, you have to be alone and unencumbered. Other people can mislead you; they crowd your meandering impressions with their own; if they are companionable they obstruct your view, and if they are boring they corrupt the silence with nonsequit
46、urs, shattering your concentration with “Oh, look, its raining“, and “You see a lot of trees here“. Travelling on your own can be terribly lonely (and it is not understood by Japanese who, coming across you smiling wistfully at an acre of Mexican butter cups tend to say things like “Where is the res
47、t of your team?“). I think of evening in the hotel room in the strange city. My diary has been brought up to date; I hanker for company; what do I do? I dont know anyone here, so I go out and walk and discover the three streets of the town and rather envy the strolling couples and the people with ch
48、ildren. The museums and churches are closed, and toward midnight the streets are empty. If I am mugged, I will have to apologize as politely as possible: “I am sorry, sir, but I have nothing valuable on my person“. Is there a surer way of enraging a thief and driving him to violence? It is hard to s
49、ee clearly or to think straight in the company of other people. Not only do I feel self-conscious, but the perceptions that are necessary to writing are difficult to manage when someone close by is thinking out loud. I am diverted, but it is discovery, not diversion, that I seek. What is required is the lucidity of loneliness to capture that vision, which, however banal, seems in my private mood to be special and worthy of interest. There is something in feeling object that quickens my mind and makes it intensely receptive to fug
