1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 79及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Mirror images is often different from the “felt images“. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 The “f
2、elt image“ is much more important because it helps you to be more confident. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 If you poke your tongue into a hole of your teeth, it feels very ring and slim. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 The “felt image“ lets you recognize your physical existence in the world. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
3、 5 You can find your nose in the darkness because of your “felt image“. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 Strokes may sometimes destroy all of the mirror image. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 If a man loses the ability to recognize his left side he will lose feeling on his both sides. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Stroke
4、victims sometimes refuse to regard their injured sides as parts of their bodies because they are unwilling to admit their disabilities. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 A stroke victim can put gloves on both his hands. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 The talk is mainly about the importance of “felt images“. （ A） Ri
5、ght （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 According to the police officer, how can people avoid the unpleasant accidents? （ A） By taking a little care and using a litt
6、le common sense. （ B） By taking a lot of care and using all the common sense. （ C） By calling the police for help whatever happens. （ D） By having a companion wherever you go. 12 Which of the following is advised NOT to do when you go home late at night? （ A） Drive home by yourself. （ B） Go back hom
7、e with somebody else. （ C） Ask for a lift from a stranger. （ D） Take a taxi. 13 According to the speaker, it is _ to carry a knife, spray or anything that can be used as a weapon. （ A） illegal even for self-defense （ B） not demanded （ C） not recommended （ D） abnormal even for self-protection 14 What
8、 kind of secondary school did Darwin study at? （ A） an extraordinary school （ B） a not well-conditioned school （ C） a very common school （ D） an eligible school 15 Why did Darwin quit medical school and go to the University of Cambridge? （ A） Because he wanted to become a biologist. （ B） Because he
9、wanted to study science. （ C） Because he wanted to be a naturalist. （ D） Because he wanted to be a clergyman. 16 When was young Darwin taken aboard the survey ship HMS Beagle? （ A） In the year 1825. （ B） In the year 1827. （ C） In the year 1831. （ D） In the year 1836. 17 The author refers to the impa
10、ct of railroads before the late 1860s as “limited“ because _. （ A） the track did not take the direct route from one city to the next. （ B） passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinations （ C） passengers preferred stagecoaches （ D） railroad travel
11、 was quite expensive 18 What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroad expanded? （ A） They developed competing routes. （ B） Their drivers refused to work for the railroads. （ C） They began to specialize in private investment. （ D） There were insufficient numbers of trained p
12、eople to operate them. 19 Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada? （ A） To argue that a more direct route to the West could have been taken. （ B） To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West. （ C） To point out the location of a serious train accident. （ D） To give an“ exam
13、ple of an obstacle faced by the central Pacific. 20 The word “subside“ is closest in meaning to _. （ A） persuasion （ B） financing （ C） explanation （ D） penalty Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30
14、by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 Who is planning to introduce a rating system this summer for university students? 22 Summer students and conference participants are given _ in mos
15、t United States universities. 23 The history of Trinity College Dublin can be traced back to _ years ago. 24 If you want a double room with bath in Trinity, you have to pay _ a person. 25 The London School of Economics and Political Science offers _ properties in London. 26 You may find the informat
16、ion on the London School of Economics central accommodations on the _ www.lse.ac.uk/vocations. 27 A summer visitor can call Conference Services at (510) _ to get residence information about the University of California. 28 Summer is a _ season in Montreal. 29 Solin Hall is a (an) _ residence which h
17、as two and three bedroom apartments suitable for families. 30 _ at the University of Sydney is known for its gardens. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Yo
18、u may say that the business of marking books is going to slow down your reading. (31) probably will. Thats one of the (32) for doing it. Most of us have been taken in by the notion that speed of (33) is a measure of our intelligence. There is (34) such thing as the right (35) for intelligent reading
19、. Some things should be (36) quickly and effortlessly, and some should be read (37) and even laboriously. The sign of intelligence (38) reading is the ability to read (39) thing differently according to their worth. In the (40) of good books, the point is not to see how many of them you can get thro
20、ugh, (41) how many cart you get through how many you can (42) your own. A few friends are (43) than a thousand acquaintances. If this be your goal, (44) it should be, you will not be impatient if it takes more time and effort to read a great book than it (45) a newspaper. You may have another object
21、ion to (46) books. You cant lend them to your friends (47) nobody else can read them (48) being distracted by your notes. Whats more, you wont want to lend them because a (49) copy is a kind of intellectual diary, and (50) it is almost like giving your mind away. If your friend hopes to read your “S
22、hakespeare“, or “The Federalist Papers“, tell him, gently but firmly, to buy a copy. You will lend him your car or your coat, but your books are as much a part of you as your head or your heart. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A,
23、B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment“ period from birth to three may sear a childs personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn th
24、e conclusion from Bowlbys work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulate
25、d love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as the Ngoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone-far from it. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care
26、would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial. Thirdly, in the last decade there have been a number
27、of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on childrens development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. But Bowlbys analy
28、sis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficu
29、lt to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy, and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matte
30、r, then, is far from clear-out, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants. 51 Which of the following statements would Bowlby support? （ A） Statistical studies should be carried out to assess the positive effect of day care for children at the age of
31、three or older. （ B） Early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children. （ C） The first three years of ones life is extremely important to the later development of personality. （ D） Children under three get used to the life at nursery schools more readily than children over three.
32、 52 Which of the following is derivable from Bowlbys work? （ A） Mothers should not send their children to day care centers until they are three years of older. （ B） Day care nurseries have positive effects on a childs development. （ C） A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may ha
33、ve emotional problems in late life. （ D） Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable negative effects on a childs personality. 53 It is suggested that modern societies differ from traditional societies in that _. （ A） the parents-child relationship is more exclusive in modern societies （ B
34、） a child more often grows up with his/her brothers or sisters in traditional societies （ C） mother brings up children with the help of her husband in traditional societies （ D） children in modern societies are more likely to develop mental illness in later years 54 Which of the following statements
35、 is NOT an argument against Bowlbys theory? （ A） Many studies show that day care has a positive effect on childrens development （ B） Day care is safe, otherwise there wouldnt be so many nursery schools. （ C） Separation from parents for very young children is common in some traditional societies. （ D
36、） Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with. 55 Which of the following best expresses the writers attitude towards early day care? （ A） Children under three should stay with their parents. （ B） Early day care has positive effects on childrens development. （ C） The i
37、ssue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics. （ D） The effects of early day care on children are exaggerated and parents should ignore the issue. 56 Atmospheric pressure can support a column of water up to 10 meters high. But plants can move water much higher: the sequoia
38、 tree can pump water to its very top, more than 100 meters above the ground. Until the end of the nineteenth century, the movement of water in trees and other tall plants was a mystery. Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps. But many experiments demonstrated that
39、 the stem of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights. Other explanations for the movement of water in plants have been based on root pressure, a push on the water from the roots at the bottom of the plant. But root pressure is not nearly great enough to p
40、ush water to the tops of tall trees. Furthermore, the conifers, which are among the tallest trees, have unusually low root pressures. If water is not pumped to the top of a tall tree, and if it is not pushed to the top of a tall tree, then we may ask: How does it get there? According to the currentl
41、y accepted cohesion-tension theory, water is pulled there. The pull on a rising column of water in a plant results form the evaporation of water at the top of the plant. As water is lost form the surface of the leaves, a negative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by
42、water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water. When water is confined in tubes of very small bore, the
43、forces of cohesion (the attraction between water molecules) are so great that the strength of a column of water compares with the strength of a steel wire of the same diameter. This cohesive strength permits columns of water to be pulled to great heights without being broken. 56 How many theories do
44、es the author mention? （ A） One （ B） Two （ C） Three （ D） Four 57 The passage answers which of the following questions? （ A） What is the effect of atmospheric pressure on foliage? （ B） When do dead cells harm plant growth? （ C） How does water get to the tops growth? （ D） Why is root pressure weak? 58
45、 How do botanists know that root pressure is not the only force that moves water in plants? （ A） Some very tall trees have weak root pressure. （ B） Root pressures decrease in winter. （ C） Plants can live after their roots die. （ D） Water in a plants roots is not connected to water in its stem. 59 Wh
46、at causes the tension that draws water up a plant? （ A） Humidity （ B） Plant growth （ C） Root pressure （ D） Evaporation 60 According to the passage, why does water travel through plants in unbroken columns? （ A） Root pressure moves the water very rapidly. （ B） The attraction between water molecules i
47、s strong. （ C） The living cell of plants push the water molecules together （ D） Atmospheric pressure supports the columns. 61 In the early days of the United States, postal charges were paid by the recipient and Charges varied with the distance carried. In 1825, the United States Congress permitted
48、local postmasters to give letters to mail carriers for home delivery, but these carriers received no government salary and their entire compensation depended on what they were paid by the recipients of individual letters. In 1847 the United States Post Office Department adopted the idea of a postage
49、 stamp, which of course simplified the payment for postal service but caused grumbling by those who did not like to prepay. Besides, the stamp covered only delivery to the post office and did not include carrying it to a private address. In Philadelphia, for example, with a population of 150,000, people still had to go to the post office go get their mail. The confusion and congestion of individual citizens looking for their letters was itself enough to discourage use of the mail. It is no wonder that,
