1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试历年真题试卷汇编 8及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording t
2、wice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will
3、hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear e
4、ach piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Where were Gerry and Sue married? （ A） In Scotland. （ B） In England. （ C） In Hong Kong. （ D） In London. 12 Why does Sue want to meet earlier? （ A） She had another appointment later. （ B） She had to cook dinner. （ C） She wanted to have longer time staying with her friend. （ D）
5、 She has to come back earlier. 13 What type of accommodation does Sue live in? （ A） A big private house. （ B） A flat in a house. （ C） A flat in a building. （ D） A small private house. 14 When was the city of Perth founded? （ A） In 1892. （ B） In the 1980s. （ C） In the 1890s. （ D） In 1829. 15 Why did
6、Perth develop very slowly at the beginning according to the introduction? （ A） It was occupied by Britain. （ B） It was a wetland. （ C） It scarcely contacted the other cities. （ D） It had no rich natural resources. 16 Which of the following statements is correct about the location of the booming city
7、? （ A） To the Indian Ocean in the west. （ B） By the left side of the Darling Ranges. （ C） Next to the city of Frementle in the north. （ D） Next to the town of Yanchep in the south. 17 What are the students going to do during this class period? （ A） Watch a slide show about trees. （ B） Learn how to p
8、revent Dutch elm disease. （ C） Study the history of the campus buildings and grounds. （ D） Look at examples of trees on campus. 18 In what class is this lecture probably being given? （ A） History. （ B） Physical education. （ C） Botany. （ D） Architecture. 19 What is remarkable about the black walnut t
9、ree outside Brett Hall? （ A） Its leaves are yellow. （ B） Its leaves are lopsided. （ C） It is very tall. （ D） It is not an angiosperm. 20 What is the problem with the elm tree near Jackson Hall? （ A） It has grown too tall for its designated space. （ B） It may be diseased. （ C） Its branches are being
10、broken off. （ D） It no longer hears from. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Many people who fly at least occasionally have come down with a cold or the flu shortly af
11、ter disembarking. Is the air in airborne commercial jets【 C1】 _? The Association of Flight Attendants (AFA),【 C2】 _which 42, 000 flight attendants with 7 airlines are represented, evidently thinks so. The organization claims that the incidence of air-quality-related diseases has【 C3】 _among its memb
12、ers and demands that prompt actions be【 C4】 _to improve the conditions in the airplane cabin. A study the AFA【 C5】 _in 1997 uncovered about 1, 000 self-reported incidents of headaches, dizziness and memory loss【 C6】 _flight attendants and passengers. Some flight attendants were too ill to【 C7】 _thei
13、r safety duties, while others have been permanently disabled. Because of airlines efforts to【 C8】 _their expenses, cabin-air filters are not cleaned【 C9】 _. The complaints of flight attendants do not always give【 C10】_to correct maintenance. Airlines turned to recycled air,【 C11】 _that they would re
14、duce some of their costs. They are not required to put filters in. Airlines are【 C12】 _great pressure to get their flights out【 C13】 _. So they do not pay as much attention to systems that are not as【 C14】 _to flight schedule and safety. Recent research findings emphasize the concern that filters ca
15、n【 C15】 _engine chemicals into the cabin air. This may not happen【 C16】 _every flight, but it is a persistent problem. In a study published in October 1998 an investigation was made【 C17】_complaints of crew members【 C18】 _air quality and health. More than half of the 200 subjects reported health pro
16、blems they【 C19】 _to cabin air. It was concluded that these health problems were consistent with【 C20】 _harmful gases and substances. 21 【 C1】 （ A） humid （ B） unhealthy （ C） unbearable （ D） crisp 22 【 C2】 （ A） of （ B） in （ C） by （ D） to 23 【 C3】 （ A） suspended （ B） dropped （ C） raised （ D） increased
17、 24 【 C4】 （ A） taken （ B） done （ C） made （ D） given 25 【 C5】 （ A） founded （ B） underlined （ C） considered （ D） undertook 26 【 C6】 （ A） between （ B） within （ C） among （ D） inside 27 【 C7】 （ A） perform （ B） achieve （ C） comprehend （ D） proceed 28 【 C8】 （ A） decline （ B） cut （ C） shrink （ D） save 29 【
18、C9】 （ A） definitely （ B） efficiently （ C） smoothly （ D） regularly 30 【 C10】 （ A） hope （ B） attention （ C） rise （ D） chance 31 【 C11】 （ A） confided （ B） promised （ C） ensured （ D） convinced 32 【 C12】 （ A） beyond （ B） under （ C） against （ D） below 33 【 C13】 （ A） on time （ B） at once （ C） in line （ D）
19、in turn 34 【 C14】 （ A） influential （ B） inevitable （ C） critical （ D） efficient 35 【 C15】 （ A） enclose （ B） block （ C） introduce （ D） detect 36 【 C16】 （ A） by （ B） on （ C） at （ D） along 37 【 C17】 （ A） on （ B） from （ C） to （ D） in 38 【 C18】 （ A） concerning （ B） including （ C） relating （ D） attaching
20、39 【 C19】 （ A） presented （ B） attributed （ C） blamed （ D） appealed 40 【 C20】 （ A） exposure to （ B） exploration of （ C） formation of （ D） compensation for Part A 40 Queuse are long. Life is short. So why waste time waiting when you can pay someone to do it for you? In Washington D. C. a city that str
21、uggles with more than its share of bureaucratic practicesa small industry is emerging that will queue for you to get everything from a drivers license to a seat in a congressional hearing. Michael Dorsey, one of the pioneering“service expediters“ , began going to traffic courts for other people back
22、 in 1988. Today his fees start at $ 20 and can go into the thousands to plead individual cases at the Bureau of Traffic Adjudication (his former employer). Mr. Dorsey knows what a properly written parking ticket looks like, and often gets fines invalidated on its failures in formality. His clients i
23、nclude congressmen and diplomats, as well as firms for which tickets are an occupational hazard, such as taxi operators and television broadcasters. Service expediters are not universally loved. Non-tax income, like fines and fees, makes up about 7% of local-government revenue in Washington. Mr. Dor
24、sey alone relieves that fund of $ 150, 000 a year. Meanwhile, citizen advocacy groups keep complaining about expediters such as the Congressional Services Company and CVK Group that specialise in saving places for congressional hearings. Committees hearing hot topics such as energy regulation often
25、do not have enough seats. Why should a well-heeled lobbyist who has paid $ 30 an hour to a professional place-holder grab the place? Critics say this perpetuates a two-layered system: the rich get good government service, but the poor still have to wait. This seems a little harsh. Service expeditors
26、 can hardly be blamed for creating the unfair system they profit from. Anyway, its not only rich corporate types who benefit from their services. Poor foreigners with little English hire expediters to navigate the ticket-fighting process: so do elderly and disabled people who want to save time on er
27、rands that require long hours standing in line. And, who knows, the service expediters might even shame the bureaucrats into pulling their socks up. Back in 1999, Washingtons may or, Tony Williams, promised to liberate citizens from the tyranny of the government queue. Things have gotten a bit bette
28、r, but the 20-minute task of renewing a drivers license can still take days. Hiring an expert to confront the bureaucratic beast on your behalf takes care of that. 41 What is the new business which emerged in Washington D. C. ? 42 Which of the following is true according to the text? 43 This new bus
29、iness is not liked by all partly because 44 It can be inferred from the text that service expediters could possibly 45 The best title for the text probably is Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER
30、 SHEET 1. 45 Revolutionary innovation is now occurring in all scientific and technological fields. This wave of unprecedented change is driven primarily by advances in information technology, but it is much larger in scope. We are not dealing simply with an Information Revolution but with a Technolo
31、gy Revolution. To anticipate developments in this field, the George Washington University Forecast of Emerging Technologies was launched at the start of the 1990s. We have now completed four rounds of our Delphi surveyin 1990, 1992, 1994, and 1996giving us a wealth of data and experience. We now can
32、 offer a reasonably clear picture of what can be expected to happen in technology over the next three decades. Time horizons play a crucial role in forecasting technology. Forecasts of the next five to ten years are often so predictable that they fall into the realm of market research, while those m
33、ore than 30 or 40 years away are mostly speculation. This leaves a 10-to 20-year window in which to make useful forecasts. It is this time frame that our Forecast addresses. The Forecast uses diverse methods, including environmental scanning, trend analysis, Delphi surveys, and model building. Envir
34、onmental scanning is used to identify emerging technologies. Trend analysis guides the selection of the most important technologies for further study, and a modified Delphi survey is used to obtain forecasts. Instead of using the traditional Delphi method of providing respondents with immediate feed
35、back and requesting additional estimates in order to arrive at a consensus, we conduct another survey after an additional time period of about two years. Finally, the results are portrayed in time periods to build models of unfolding technological change. By using multiple methods instead of relying
36、 on a single approach, the Forecast can produce more reliable, useful estimates. For our latest survey conducted in 1996, we selected 85 emerging technologies representing the most crucial advances that can be foreseen. We then submitted the list of technologies to our panel of futurists for their j
37、udgments as to when (or if)each technological development would enter the mainstream, the probability that it would happen, and the estimated size of the economic market for it. In short, we sought a forecast as to when each emerging technology will have actually “ e-merged. “ 46 What we are faced w
38、ith at present can be best described as a revolution in （ A） information. （ B） advanced method. （ C） science. （ D） technology. 47 The purpose of the Delphi survey is to （ A） foresee future technologies. （ B） influence future technologies. （ C） provide new technologies. （ D） design new technologies.
39、48 Market researchers focus on the technologies that will emerge in （ A） 510 years. （ B） 1020 years. （ C） 2030 years. （ D） 3040 years. 49 Various research methods are employed in order to （ A） reach a consensus of opinions. （ B） provide immediate feedback. （ C） increase the accuracy of predictions.
40、（ D） select crucial technologies. 50 The job of the futurist is to （ A） estimate the frequency of technological developments. （ B） forecast the significant technologies of the future. （ C） prepare the potential market for each technology. （ D） adjust the time of arrival of new technologies. 50 With
41、a new Congress drawing near, Democrats and Republicans are busily designing competing economic stimulus packages. The Republicans are sure to offer tax cuts, the Democratsamong other thingsfinancial relief for the states. There is one measure, however, that would provide not only an immediate boost
42、to the economy but also immediate relief to those most in need: a carefully crafted extension of the federal unemployment insurance program. The Senate approved such an extension before it adjourned in November. The House of Representatives refused to go along. It was among the greatest failures of
43、the 107th Congress. One consequence is that jobless benefits for an estimated 780, 000 Americans will abruptly stop tomorrow, even though most recipients have not yet exhausted their benefits. President Bush failed to show any leadership on this matter during the November Congress. Later, he finally
44、 asked Congress to extend the program for these workers and to make the benefits effective from Dec. 28. Thats not enough. The way unemployment insurance typically works is that states provide laid-off workers with 26 weeks of benefits, followed by 13 weeks of federal aid. Under Mr. Bushs scheme, fe
45、deral benefits would be extended only for those who were already receiving them on Dec. 28. The extension would not cover the jobless workers who will exhaust their regular state-funded benefits after Dec. 28an estimated 95, 000 every weekbut will receive no federal help unless the program is re-aut
46、horized. By the end of March, 1. 2 million workers could fall into this category. The Senate saw this problem coming, and under the leadership of Hillary Rodham Clinton for New York and Don Nickles of Oklahoma, passed a bill that would not only have covered people already enrolled in the federal pro
47、gram but provided 13 weeks of assistance for those losing their state benefits in the new year. The House, for largely trivial reasons, refused to go along. Bill Frist, the new Senate majority leader, says he is looking for ways to put a kinder, gentler face on the Republican Party. Passing the Clin
48、ton-Nickles bill would be a good way to begin. The House should then follow suit. One of the Houses complaints last year was that, at $ 5 billion, the Clinton-Nickles bill was too expensive. Thats ridiculous, considering the costs of the tax cuts that House Republicans have in mind. The unemployment
49、 rate last month stood at 6 percent, the highest since mid-1994. The country could use a $ 5 billion shot in the arm right about now. So could a lot of increasingly desperate people. 51 According to the author, the proposed extension is （ A） what the coming Congress should reconsider. （ B） excluded from the economic stimulus packages. （ C） a relief program carefully designed by the House. （ D） put forward by both Republicans and Democrats. 52 What does the author re
