1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 103及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 The speaker makes an announcem
3、ent about the afternoon_. 7 The first show will begin in the marine arena at _. 8 If visitors provide food for the animals, this may upset the animals_. 9 A tour to the giant bird cage will be guided by _. 10 If people have any inquiries, they can go to the information desk at_. PART C Directions: Y
4、ou will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You wil
5、l hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 How many children did Susan and Michael interview? （ A） 150. （ B） 151. （ C） 152. （ D） 153. 12 Why do many of the boys avoid certain instruments? （ A） Because they find it not challenging enough to play them. （ B） Because they consider it important to be different from
6、 girls. （ C） Because they find them too hard to play. （ D） Because they think it silly to play them. 13 Which group of children have a bias when choosing musical instruments? （ A） Children with private music tutors. （ B） Children who are between 5 and 7. （ C） Children who are well-educated. （ D） Chi
7、ldren who are 8 or older. 14 The patient, according to the analysts report, is （ A） physically ill. （ B） mentally ill. （ C） fit. （ D） nervous. 15 How often does the woman smoke? （ A） Quite often. （ B） Once in a while. （ C） Rarely. （ D） Never. 16 When does the lady usually go to bed? （ A） 1:00 a.m. （
8、 B） 2:00 a. m. （ C） 11:00 p.m. （ D） 12:00 p.m. 17 What is Einsteins greatest contribution to human beings? （ A） His teaching. （ B） His theory of relativity. （ C） His theory on advanced mathematics. （ D） His research. 18 When did Einsteins family move to Munich? （ A） When he was 2 years old. （ B） Whe
9、n he was 14 years old. （ C） When he finished his study. （ D） When he became a teacher. 19 When did Einstein begin teaching? （ A） In 1901. （ B） In 1902. （ C） In 1910. （ D） In 1879. 20 How did Einstein explain Relativity to young students? （ A） Patiently. （ B） Intelligently. （ C） Indifferently. （ D） V
10、ividly. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply 【 21】 _ to all
11、 of us 【 22】 _ the covers of books - but we must know how to avail ourselves 【 23】 _ this treasure and how to get 【 24】 _ from it. The most 【 25】 _ people all over the world, are 【 26】 _ who have never discovered how 【 27】 _ it is to read good books. I am very interested in people, in meeting them a
12、nd 【 28】 _ about them. Some of the most 【 29】 _ people Ive met existed only in a Writers imagination, then 【 30】 _ the pages of his book, and then, again, in my imagination. Ive found in books new friends, new societies, new words. If I am interested in people, others are interested not so much in w
13、ho 【 31】 _ in how. Who in the books includes everybody from science-fiction superman two hundred centuries in the future all the way back to the first 【 32】 _ in history; how 【 33】 _ everything from the ingenious explanations of Sherlock Holmes 【 34】 _ the discoveries of science and ways of teaching
14、 manners to children. Reading can make our minds feel pleased, 【 35】 _ means that it is a little like a sport: your eagerness and knowledge and quickness 【 36】 _ you a good reader. Reading is 【 37】 _ , not because the writer is telling you something, 【 38】_ because it makes your mind work. Your own
15、imagination works together with the 【 39】 _ or even goes beyond his. Your experience, 【 40】 _ his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his. 21 【 21】 （ A） useful （ B） new （ C） readable （ D） available 22 【 22】 （ A） in （ B） at （ C） within （ D） with
16、23 【 23】 （ A） of （ B） with （ C） for （ D） in 24 【 24】 （ A） the more （ B） the most （ C） the much （ D） the less 25 【 25】 （ A） lucky （ B） fortunate （ C） unfortunate （ D） misfortune 26 【 26】 （ A） these （ B） that （ C） this （ D） those 27 【 27】 （ A） satisfied （ B） dissatisfied （ C） satisfying （ D） dissatisf
17、ying 28 【 28】 （ A） to find out （ B） finding out （ C） to find （ D） finding 29 【 29】 （ A） remarkable （ B） notorious （ C） hostile （ D） rude 30 【 30】 （ A） on （ B） in （ C） off （ D） with 31 【 31】 （ A） like （ B） and （ C） or （ D） as 32 【 32】 （ A） number （ B） point （ C） part （ D） figure 33 【 33】 （ A） recover
18、s （ B） discovers （ C） uncovers （ D） covers 34 【 34】 （ A） to （ B） in （ C） untill （ D） into 35 【 35】 （ A） that （ B） which （ C） what （ D） as 36 【 36】 （ A） do （ B） convert （ C） impose （ D） make 37 【 37】 （ A） fun （ B） funny （ C） uninteresting （ D） exhausting 38 【 38】 （ A） and （ B） for （ C） since （ D） but
19、 39 【 39】 （ A） the author （ B） the authors （ C） I the compiler （ D） the compilers 40 【 40】 （ A） comparing with （ B） compared with （ C） comparing to （ D） compared by Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on
20、ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 One of the principal of Walzers critique of liberal capitalism is that it is insufficiently egalitarian. Walzers case against the economic inequality generated by capitalism and in favor of “a radical redistribution of wealth“ is presented in a widely cited essay entitled “In Defe
21、nse of Equality.“ The most striking feature of Waizers critique is that, far from rejecting the principle of reward according to merit, Walzer insists, on its validity. People who excel should receive the superior benefits appropriate to their excellence. But people exhibit a great variety of qualit
22、ies “ intelligence, physical strength, agility and grace, artistic creativity, mechanical skill, leadership, endurance, memory, psychological insight, tile capacity for hard work even moral strength, sensitivity, the ability to express compassion“. Each deserves its proper recompense, and hence a pr
23、oper distribution of material goods should reflect human differences as measured on all these different scales. Yet, under capitalism, the ability to make money (“the green thumb of bourgeois society“) enables its possessor to acquire almost “every other sort of social good“ such as the respect and
24、esteem of others. The centerpiece of Walzers argument is the invocation of a quotation from Pascals Pensees, which concludes: “Tyranny is the wish to obtain by one means what can only be had by another.“ Pascal believes that we owe different duties to different qualities. So we might say that infatu
25、ation is the proper response to charm, and awe the proper response to strength. In this light, Walzer characterizes capitalism as the tyranny of money (or of the ability to make it). And Walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality “the abolition of the
26、 power of money outside its sphere“ . What Walzer envisions is a society in which wealth is no longer convertible into social goods with which it has no intrinsic connection. Walzers argument is a puzzling one. After all, why should those qualities unrelated to the production of material goods be re
27、warded with material goods? Is it not tyrannical, in Pascals sense, to insist that those who excel in “sensitivity“ or “the ability to express compassion“ merit aqua wealth with those who excel in qualities ( such as “the capacity for hard work“ ) essential in producing wealthy Yet Waizers argument,
28、 how- ever deficient, does point out one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-that it brings pre- dominant positions to people who, no matter how legitimately they have earned their material re- wards, often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration. Some even argue plaus
29、ibly that this weakness may be irremediable: in any society that, like a capitalist society, seeks to be- come ever wealthier in material terms disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth. 41 The author write this passage main
30、ly to_. （ A） introduce a new book. （ B） introduce an authors new theory. （ C） discuss a theory proposed by one other socialist. （ D） criticize a author on his incomplete theory. 42 It can be inferred from the passage that the author and Walzer differ in which of the following aspects? （ A） Those qua
31、lities unrelated to the production of material goods are rewarded with material goods. （ B） It brings predominant positions to people who often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration. （ C） Those who excel in “sensitivity“ or “the ability to express compassion“ merit equal weal
32、th with those who excel in qualities. （ D） In any society that, like a capitalist society, seeks to become ever wealthier in material terms, disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth. 43 According to the passage, which of th
33、e following is closest to the concept of “tyranny“ mentioned in this passage? （ A） an man without civil earns too much money. （ B） the degrade of civilian because of the pursuit of money. （ C） a special honor is only attribute to those who can afford. （ D） the allowance of a people to achieve his fa
34、me by money. 44 The word “egalitarian“ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following words? （ A） Justified. （ B） Equal. （ C） Liberal. （ D） Attractive. 45 The authors attitude towards Walzers theory in “In Defense of Equality“ can be best de- scribed as_. （ A） minor disapproval. （ B）
35、 suspect. （ C） objective. （ D） indifferent. 45 Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their forms and functions, their dimensions and appearances, were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Man
36、y features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the ou
37、tlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids, cathedrals, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them. The creative shaping process of a technologists mind can be seen in nearly eve
38、ry artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where the valves should be placed
39、? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculatio
40、ns, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. Design courses, then should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive pr
41、ocesses are not assumed to entail “hard thinking“, non- verbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have
42、 drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools. If courses in design, which in a strong
43、ly analytical engineering curriculum provide the back- ground required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated contro
44、ls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathemat
45、ics. 46 The author write this passage mainly to_. （ A） introduce a new idea. （ B） stress the importance of nonverbal thinking. （ C） criticize the education for omitting an important part of knowledge. （ D） propose a suggestion. 47 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of
46、 the following states-merit ? （ A） Art plays the major part in the design of an machine. （ B） Art should be given at least equal importance as mathematics in engineering lessons. （ C） Compared with art, mathematics is not so important in engineering. （ D） Without art, there will be no successful wor
47、k in engineering. 48 According to the passage, the author mentioned that “when once the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering“ in order to _. （ A） point
48、out the inability of engineering students. （ B） point out the omission of conventional engineering lessons. （ C） praise the architectural schools. （ D） encourage contests of such kind. 49 The word “aberrations“ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to which of the following words? （ A） Anomaly. （ B）
49、Error. （ C） Incomplete. （ D） Misfortune. 50 The authors attitude towards mathematics in design science can be best described as _. （ A） Crucial. （ B） Of core importance. （ C） Trivial. （ D） Of reference use. 50 The celebrations of NAFTAs 10th anniversary are far more muted than those involved in its creation might have hoped. In the United States, the North American Free Trade Agreement
