1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 104及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 The woman wants to share the r
3、oom with _. 7 The number of bedrooms is _. 8 Every week the woman should pay _. 9 The woman goes to work by _. 10 The house might be _. PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany
4、it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of food is most likely to cause dental decay? （ A） Coca Cola. （ B） Sausage. （ C） Milk. （ D） Fried chic
5、ken. 12 How many decayed teeth does Dr. Faustick have? （ A） 13. （ B） None. （ C） 1. （ D） A few. 13 What does Dr. Faustick suggest to prevent dental decay? （ A） Brush your teeth in the morning. （ B） Brush your teeth in the evening. （ C） Clean your teeth shortly after eating. （ D） Have your teeth X-ray
6、ed. 14 Marco Polo came to China （ A） alone. （ B） with two friends. （ C） with his brothers. （ D） with his father and uncle. 15 He stayed in China for almost （ A） 20 years. （ B） 12 years. （ C） 7 years. （ D） 3 years. 16 How many unbelievable descriptions in Marco Polos book are mentioned in the passage
7、? （ A） 5. （ B） 3. （ C） 2. （ D） 1. 17 What is the concern of ordinary people about the “Greenhouse Effect“? （ A） Whether global warming will speed up in the future. （ B） Whether it will lead to widespread food shortage. （ C） Whether it can be detected and checked. （ D） Whether it will affect their ow
8、n lives. 18 What has happened since the end of the Ice Age? （ A） Many species have developed a habit of migration. （ B） Many species have become less sensitive to climate. （ C） Many new species have come into existence. （ D） Many species have moved further north. 19 What will be a possible threat to
9、 plants in the future? （ A） Storms and floods. （ B） Disease and fire. （ C） Rapid increase of the animal population. （ D） Less space for their grow 20 According to the passage, what will probably happen to the endangered species? （ A） They will face extinction without artificial reproduction. （ B） Th
10、ey will have to migrate to find new homes. （ C） They will be able to survive in the preserves. （ D） They will gradually die out. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Dur
11、ing the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 percent. Some countries did not 【 21】 _ enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 【 22】 _ . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed countries 【 23】 _ solutions. 【 2
12、4】 _ , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized countries. Industry in the developed countries is highly automated and very 【 25】_ . It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly 【 26】 _ workers are needed to 【 27】 _ and repair the equipment. Thes
13、e workers must be trained 【 28】 _ many countries do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 【 29】 _ of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to 【 30】 _ vocational and professional training. 【 31】 _ , just to begin training, the students must 【 32】 _ learn En
14、glish, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 【 33】_ do not return home. All countries agree that science and technology 【 34】 _ be shared. The point is: countries 【 35】 _ the industrial processes of the developed countries need to look carefully 【 36】 _ the cost
15、s, because many of these costs are 【 37】_ . Students from these countries should 【 38】 _ the problems of the developed countries closely. 【 39】 _ care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 【 40】 _ the benefits. 21 【 21】 （ A） generate （ B） raise （ C） produce （ D） manufactur
16、e 22 【 22】 （ A） answered （ B） met （ C） calculated （ D） remembered 23 【 23】 （ A） for （ B） without （ C） as （ D） about 24 【 24】 （ A） Moreover （ B） Therefore （ C） Anyway （ D） However 25 【 25】 （ A） expensive （ B） mechanical （ C） flourishing （ D） complicated 26 【 26】 （ A） gifted （ B） skilled （ C） trained
17、（ D） versatile 27 【 27】 （ A） keep （ B） maintain （ C） retain （ D） protect 28 【 28】 （ A） since （ B） so （ C） and （ D） yet 29 【 29】 （ A） charge （ B） price （ C） cost （ D） value 30 【 30】 （ A） accept （ B） gain （ C） receive （ D） absorb 31 【 31】 （ A） Frequently （ B） Incidentally （ C） Deliberately （ D） Especi
18、ally 32 【 32】 （ A） soon （ B） quickly （ C） immediately （ D） first 33 【 33】 （ A） some （ B） others （ C） several （ D） few 34 【 34】 （ A） might （ B） should （ C） would （ D） will 35 【 35】 （ A） adopting （ B） conducting （ C） receiving （ D） adjusting 36 【 36】 （ A） to （ B） at （ C） on （ D） about 37 【 37】 （ A） op
19、aque （ B） secret （ C） sealed （ D） hidden 38 【 38】 （ A） tackle （ B） learn （ C） study （ D） manipulate 39 【 39】 （ A） In （ B） Through （ C） With （ D） Under 40 【 40】 （ A） except （ B） nor （ C） or （ D） but Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,
20、B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Less than a week after a recent Russian airline tragedy, a female suicide bomber attacked a Moscow subway station; evidence indicates that Chechen separatists were likely the perpetrators of both attacks. Though the airline tragedy has been confirm
21、ed as a terror attack, the perpetrators re- main unknown. A group with links to Islamic jihadis in Pakistan has claimed responsibility for the attack. At the same time, forensic evidence suggests a notorious Chechen rebel group may be behind the attack. Regardless, the prevention of further terroris
22、t attacks is fundamentally tied to Moscows deftness in handling grievances of the Muslim-majority state of Chechnya. Despite the obvious suspicions about terrorist involvement, the Putin administration initially seemed determined to discount that supposition perhaps to avert critiques of negligent a
23、irport security and failure to acknowledge Chechen problems mere days before a scheduled election. Instead, the administration suggested a number of other theories, including industrial sabotage, human error, and technical failure. Chechen separatists have a long history of high-profile terror “spec
24、taculars“. In the chaos surrounding the fall of the Soviet Union, Chechnya declared independence from Russia in 1991 and fought against Federal forces in two wars. The first conflict, between 1992 and 1994, was conventional in nature and largely successful for the Chechen rebels. After 1999, however
25、, they became increasingly reliant on terror attacks. Particularly notable attacks include a series of Russian apartment bombings, which left over 300 dead; the October 2002 Dubrovka Theater siege in Moscow; and the more recent Metro bombing, also in the Russian capital. Traces of RDX, an explosive
26、used in a number of these attacks, were found at both of the recent airplane crash sites. This evidence reinforces the belief that Chechen rebels were responsible for this atrocity. Of those rebels, a likely suspect may be the radical Chechen warlord Shamil Basayev, a leading separatist figure with
27、a long history of implementing large-scale terror attacks outside Chechnya. He was implicated in the Dubrovka siege, the Metro bombings, and a string of other attacks. He also boasts to have trained a brigade of female suicide bombers (the infamous “Black Widows“ ) willing to carry out attacks again
28、st Russian institutions, at any time and at any place. Investigators confirm that their focus on the remains of two female passengers: Amanta Nagaeva (on the Tu-134) and Sat-sia Jebirkhanova (on the Tu-154). Close relatives of suspected Chechen rebels who were abducted or killed in. the fighting, bo
29、th women fit the “Black Widow“ profile. 41 The author mention that Put in administration initially seemed determined to discount somepossible reasons because it_. （ A） want to calm down the public from horror events. （ B） does not intend to acknowledge the pitfalls in its work. （ C） have more reason
30、able examinations. （ D） is indifferent to the events. 42 The word “spectaculars“ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） view. （ B） horror. （ C） scenery. （ D） event. 43 Tile best title for the text may be _. （ A） Chechen separatists show itself again. （ B） Another tragedy-who is the killer? （
31、 C） Citizens are crying, governments doing nothing. （ D） Terrorists-great threat of the century. 44 According to the passage, it was believed that Chechen separatists was to be blamed for the horror events because_. （ A） of traces of RDX found. （ B） it has a long crime history and bad fame of horror
32、 attacks . （ C） of two suspicious women. （ D） that all tile people believe so. 45 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believe that _. （ A） Chechen separatists arc responsible for this horror event. （ B） more evidence is needed to charge the terrorists. （ C） the government should do s
33、omething with Chechen separatists. （ D） some technical problems contribute to this horror event. 45 Rewards and punishments are used in different ways by different communities to maintain social order and to preserve cultural values. In all cultures, parents must teach their children to avoid danger
34、 and to observe the communitys moral precepts. Adults also condition each others oberservance of social norms, using methods ranging from mild forms of censure, such as looking away when someone makes an inappropriate remark, to imprisoning or executing individuals for behavior considered deviant or
35、 dangerous. The caning of American teenager Michael Fay in Singapore for vandalism in 1994 brought wide media attention to cultural differences in the application of punishment. Faced with increasing violence at home, many Americans endorsed Singapores use of corporal punishment to maintain social o
36、rder. Was Fays punishment effective? Whether be subsequently avoids vandalism is unknown, but the punishment did apparently lead to his avoidance of Singapore which he left promptly. The operant techniques societies use to maintain social control vary in part with the dangers and threats that confro
37、nt them. The Gusii of Kenya, with a history of tribal warfare, lace threats not only from outsiders but also from natural forces, including wild animals. Gusii parents tend to rely more on punishment and fear than on rewards in conditioning appropriate social behavior in their children.Caning, food
38、deprivation, and withdrawing shelter and protection are common forms of punishment. In contrast, the Mixtecans of Juxtiahuaca, Mexico, arc a highly cohesive community, with little internal conflict, and social norms that encourage cooperation. Their social patterns appear adaptive, for the Mixtecans
39、 are dominated by the nearby Spanish Mexicans, who control the official government arid many economic resources in their region. The Mixtecans do not generally impose fines or jail sentences or use physical punishment to deter aggression in either adults or children. Rather, they tend to rely on soo
40、thing persuasion. Social ostracism is the most feared punishment, and social ties within the community are very strong, so responses that reinforce these ties are effective in maintaining social order. In the United States, fear of social ostracism or stigma was a more powerful force in maintaining
41、control over anti-social behavior, especially in small communities. Today, even imprisonment does not appear to be an adequate deterrent to many forms of crime, especially violent crime. Although one reason is the inconsistent application of punishment, another may be the fact that imprisonment no l
42、onger carries the intense stigma it once had, so that prison is not longer as an effective punishment. 46 The best title of this passage would be_. （ A） Crime and Punishment. （ B） Reward and Punishment. （ C） Social Order. （ D） Two Case Studies: Gusii of Kenys and Mixtecan of Juxitiahuaca. 47 Accordi
43、ng to the passage, what is a universal cultural norm in maintaining social order? （ A） Children must be obedient to their parents. （ B） People must publicly complain when someone misbehaves. （ C） People should do their parts to ensure that others comply with social rules. （ D） People should publicly
44、 humiliate the wrongdoers. 48 What can be inferred from the Michael Fay case? （ A） Many Americans were opposed to the corporal punishment that Michael Fay received in Singapore. （ B） The American media did not pay any attention to cultural differences until 1994. （ C） The caning was effective becaus
45、e Michael Fay subsequently refrained from vandalism. （ D） Michael Fay left Singapore immediately after the caning punishment. 49 What would a Gusii mother from Kenya most likely do to punish her children? （ A） To stop giving them pocket money. （ B） To persuade them in a gentle way. （ C） To verbally
46、humiliate them. （ D） To threaten to expel them from the home. 50 The word, “stigma“ in Para. 4 most probably means_. （ A） irony. （ B） verbal abuse. （ C） persuasion. （ D） bad reputation. 50 During Japans bubble-economy years of fiscal 1983-1990, consumer spending grew at an annualized 5.5 percent in
47、real terms. But during the Heisei recession of fiscal 1991 -2001, consumer- spending growth slowed to an annualized 1.0 percent. Most experts agree that the slowdown in consumer spending, which accounts for 20 percent of gross domestic expenditures, was mainly responsible for the recession. So, what
48、 should be done to stimulate consumer spending? World-renowned economist Paul Krugman argues that the public should be encouraged to expect inflation. His theory is based on psychology: Consumers tend to increase spending if they expect inflation, and cut spending if they anticipate deflation. In my
49、 opinion, though, this psychology applies only to real estate. During the bubble economy, land prices in and around Japans six largest cities soared at an annualized 23.2 percent. In five years starting in fiscal 1985, land prices in the same area grew 2.8 times. In such a situation, people naturally rushed to obtain mortgages and buy homes. Land prices started falling in fiscal 1991. During
